The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Oceania
Telecommunication systems Australia, in 35 editions.
The entry for Australia published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- good international and domestic service;
- 8.7 million telephones;
- stations--258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV;
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- domestic satellite service;
- satellite stations--4 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
good international and domestic service; 8.7 million telephones; stations--258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; domestic satellite service; satellite stations--4 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
The same text in 1992 and 1993.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- good international and domestic service;
- 8.7 million telephones;
- broadcast stations - 258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV;
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- domestic satellite service;
- satellite stations - 4 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
good international and domestic service; 8.7 million telephones; stations--258 broadcast
stations - 258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New
Guinea, and Indonesia; domestic satellite service; satellite stations--4 stations - 4
Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
Published as “Telecommunications”
- good international and domestic service;
- 8.7 million telephones;
- broadcast stations - 258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV;
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- domestic satellite service;
- satellite stations - 4 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
good international and domestic service; 8.7 million telephones; broadcast
broadcast stations - 258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV; submarine cables to New
Zealand, Papua New
satellite stations - 4
earth stations
Published as “Telephone system”
8,700,000 telephones; good international and domestic service
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- domestic satellite service
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; 10 INTELSAT (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean) earth stations
8,700,000 telephones; good international and
domestic service; 8.7 million telephones; servicebroadcast stations - 258 AM, 67 FM, 134 TV; local: NA
intercity: domestic satellite service
international: submarine cables to NewIndonesia; domestic satellite service;satellite stations - 4 Indonesia; 10 INTELSAT (4 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, and 6 Pacific Ocean INTELSATOcean) earth
stations
Published as “Telephone system”
good domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions)
8,700,000 telephones; good international anddomestic and international servicelocal: NA domestic: domestic satellite
intercity:service system
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and
and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 INTELSAT Intelsat (4 Indian
Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean) earth Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Oceanstations Regions)
Published as “Telephone system”
good domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions)
good domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea,
Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian
6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean
Published as “Telephone system”
excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations-10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions)
good excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and
Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 stations-10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and
Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions)
Published as “Telephone system”
excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations--10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean Regions)
excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and
and Indonesia; satellite earth stations-10 stations--10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean
and 6
Published as “Telephone system”
excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions)
excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea,stations--10 stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian OceanRegions) regions)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service domestic: domestic satellite system;
- much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international servicesystemsystem; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international: country code - 61; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia;
- satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2005)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international: country code - 61; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 19 (10 Intelsat (4 - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), Ocean, 2 Inmarsat (Indian - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998) regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2005)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international: country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cables cable with links to New Zealand, Papua Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Guinea, Zealand and Indonesia; the United States; satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2005) (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international: country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States; satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international:
country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States; satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
The same text in 3 editions, 2010 to 2012.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones
international:
country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States; satellite earth stations - 19 (10 Intelsat - 4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones
international:
country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States; satellite earth stations - 19 (10 10 Intelsat - 4 (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean, Ocean), 2 Inmarsat - Indian and Pacific Ocean regions, Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand and the United States;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to NZ and the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2015)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones
international: country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber optic fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to New Zealand NZ and the United States; US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) (2007) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service
- domestic:
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to NZ and the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2015)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones
international: country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to NZ and the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other) other (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service;
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones;
- 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation for 2020 (2017)
- domestic:
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk;
- 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2017)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to NZ and the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2015)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service service; domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile
domestic:telephones telephones; 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation for 2020 (2017)
domestic: more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk; 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2017)
international: country code - 61; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides links to NZ and the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service;
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones;
- 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation for 2020 (2018)
- domestic:
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk;
- 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2018)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe;
- the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones; 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation for 2020 (2017) (2018)
domestic: more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk; 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 61; landing point points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SEA-ME-WE-3 SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross fiber-optic submarine cable provides NEXT with links to NZ Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2015) (2019)
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service;
- domestic satellite system;
- significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density;
- rapid growth of mobile telephones;
- continue to enhance 4G networks while migrating to 5G technologies;
- 5G connections are predicted to account for around 50 - 60% of total connections by 2025 (2020)
- domestic:
- 31 per 100 fixed-line, 111 per 100 mobile-cellular;
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2019)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe;
- the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note : the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones; continue to enhance 4G networks while migrating to 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation technologies; 5G connections are predicted to account for 2020 (2018) around 50 - 60% of total connections by 2025 (2020)
domestic: 31 per 100 fixed-line, 111 per 100 mobile-cellular; more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk; 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2018) brisk (2019)
international: country code - 61; landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note : the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- excellent domestic and international service with comprehensive population coverage through LTE;
- domestic satellite system;
- rapid growth of mobile and fixed-wireless broadband services through multi-technology architecture;
- emphasis on new technologies;
- diminished fixed-line market due to mobile and mobile broadband;
- in fixed broadband, shift to fiber networks through infrastructure build out;
- mobile network operators continue to work towards the launch of 5G;
- predicted to be one of the top markets driving the growth of 5G and data markets in Asia;
- fiber backbone to connect with submarine cables;
- Oman-Australia cable to be completed by end of 2021;
- two of Australia's major imports are broadcast equipment and computers from China (2020)
- domestic:
- 31 per 100 fixed-line, 111 per 100 mobile-cellular;
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2019)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe;
- the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note : the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; service with comprehensive population coverage through LTE; domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones; continue and fixed-wireless broadband services through multi-technology architecture; emphasis on new technologies; diminished fixed-line market due to enhance 4G mobile and mobile broadband; in fixed broadband, shift to fiber networks while migrating through infrastructure build out; mobile network operators continue to 5G technologies; 5G connections are work towards the launch of 5G; predicted to account for around 50 - 60% be one of total connections the top markets driving the growth of 5G and data markets in Asia; fiber backbone to connect with submarine cables; Oman-Australia cable to be completed by 2025 end of 2021; two of Australia's major imports are broadcast equipment and computers from China (2020)
domestic: 31 per 100 fixed-line, 111 per 100 mobile-cellular; more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2019)
international: country code - 61; landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note : the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- the Australian telecom market since 2020 has been impacted by the pandemic, which forced many people to school and work from home and thus adopt fixed-line broadband services;
- internet traffic, both fixed and mobile, increased substantially as a result;
- in the fixed sector, there is an ongoing migration from copper-based platforms to fiber;
- the extension of fixed wireless access will mean that up to 120,000 premises currently dependent on satellite broadband will be able to access 5G-based fixed services;
- the fixed-line market has been falling steadily over the past five years;
- in the Australian fixed broadband market, there is a dynamic shift among customers to fiber networks;
- the DSL sector is steadily shrinking while subscribers on HFC infrastructure will continue to be provided by existing cable, with a steady migration to full fiber connectivity (2022)
- domestic:
- 24 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 108 per 100 mobile-cellular;
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2020)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe;
- the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: excellent domestic the Australian telecom market since 2020 has been impacted by the pandemic, which forced many people to school and international service with comprehensive population coverage through LTE; domestic satellite system; rapid growth of mobile work from home and fixed-wireless broadband services through multi-technology architecture; emphasis on new technologies; diminished thus adopt fixed-line market due to mobile broadband services; internet traffic, both fixed and mobile broadband; mobile, increased substantially as a result; in the fixed broadband, shift to fiber networks through infrastructure build out; mobile network operators continue sector, there is an ongoing migration from copper-based platforms to work towards fiber; the launch extension of 5G; predicted fixed wireless access will mean that up to 120,000 premises currently dependent on satellite broadband will be one of able to access 5G-based fixed services; the top markets driving fixed-line market has been falling steadily over the growth of 5G and data markets past five years; in Asia; fiber backbone the Australian fixed broadband market, there is a dynamic shift among customers to connect with submarine cables; Oman-Australia cable fiber networks; the DSL sector is steadily shrinking while subscribers on HFC infrastructure will continue to be completed provided by end of 2021; two of Australia's major imports are broadcast equipment and computers from China (2020) existing cable, with a steady migration to full fiber connectivity (2022)
domestic: 31 24 per 100 fixed-line, 111 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 108 per 100 mobile-cellular; more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 61; landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)note : note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- the Australian telecom market since 2020 has been impacted by the pandemic, which forced many people to school and work from home and thus adopt fixed-line broadband services;
- internet traffic, both fixed and mobile, increased substantially as a result;
- in the fixed sector, there is an ongoing migration from copper-based platforms to fiber;
- the extension of fixed wireless access will mean that up to 120,000 premises currently dependent on satellite broadband will be able to access 5G-based fixed services;
- the fixed-line market has been falling steadily over the past five years;
- in the Australian fixed broadband market, there is a dynamic shift among customers to fiber networks;
- the DSL sector is steadily shrinking while subscribers on HFC infrastructure will continue to be provided by existing cable, with a steady migration to full fiber connectivity (2022)
- domestic:
- 18 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 105 per 100 mobile-cellular;
- more subscribers to mobile services than there are people;
- 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2021)
- international:
- country code - 61;
- landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe;
- the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US;
- satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
general assessment: the Australian telecom market since 2020 has been impacted by the pandemic, which forced many people to school and work from home and thus adopt fixed-line broadband services; internet traffic, both fixed and mobile, increased substantially as a result; in the fixed sector, there is an ongoing migration from copper-based platforms to fiber; the extension of fixed wireless access will mean that up to 120,000 premises currently dependent on satellite broadband will be able to access 5G-based fixed services; the fixed-line market has been falling steadily over the past five years; in the Australian fixed broadband market, there is a dynamic shift among customers to fiber networks; the DSL sector is steadily shrinking while subscribers on HFC infrastructure will continue to be provided by existing cable, with a steady migration to full fiber connectivity (2022)
domestic: 24 18 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 108 105 per 100 mobile-cellular; more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 61; landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SeaMeWe-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Australia: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/australia/telecommunication-systems.