The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1992 to 2024 Asia
Telecommunication systems Azerbaijan, in 33 editions.
The entry for Azerbaijan published Telecommunication systems in 33 editions of 34, from 1992 to 2024. The text changed in 29 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 29
- the first edition with it
- 1992
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1992 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Changed since 2023Published as “Telecommunications”
- quality of local telephone service is poor;
- connections to other former USSR republics by landline or microwave and to countries beyond the former USSR via the Moscow international gateway switch;
- Azeri and Russian TV broadcasts are received;
- Turkish and Iranian TV broadcasts are received from INTELSAT through a TV receive-only earth station
quality of local telephone service is poor; connections to other former USSR
republics by landline or microwave and to countries beyond the former USSR
via the Moscow international gateway switch; Azeri and Russian TV broadcasts
are received; Turkish and Iranian TV broadcasts are received from INTELSAT
through a TV receive-only earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate;
- 644,000 domestic telephone lines (density - 9 lines per 100 persons (1991)), 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991);
- connections to other former USSR republics by cable and microwave and to other countries via the Moscow international gateway switch;
- INTELSAT earth station installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish financial assistance with access to 200 countries through Turkey;
- domestic and Russian TV programs are received locally and Turkish and Iranian TV is received from an INTELSAT satellite through a receive-only earth station
quality of local domestic telephone service is poor; of poor quality and inadequate; 644,000
domestic telephone lines (density - 9 lines per 100 persons (1991)), 202,000
persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991); connections to
other former USSRlandline or cable and microwave and to other countries beyond the former USSR
via the Moscow international gateway switch; Azeri INTELSAT earth station
installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish financial assistance with access
to 200 countries through Turkey; domestic and Russian TV broadcastsprograms are received;
received locally and Turkish and Iranian TV broadcasts are is received from an INTELSAT
satellite through a TV receive-only earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate;
- 710,000 domestic telephone lines [density - 9 lines per 100 persons (1991)], 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991);
- connections to other former USSR republics by cable and microwave and to other countries via the Moscow international gateway switch;
- INTELSAT earth station installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish financial assistance with access to 200 countries through Turkey;
- since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided direct communications with New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite;
- a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system (Bakcel) in the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994;
- domestic and Russian TV programs are received locally and Turkish and Iranian TV is received from an INTELSAT satellite through a receive-only earth station
domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; 644,000 710,000
domestic telephone lines (density [density - 9 lines per 100 persons (1991)), 202,000 (1991)],
202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991);
connections to
to other countries
INTELSAT earth station
financial assistance with access
since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided direct
communications with New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite;
a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system (Bakcel) in
the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994; domestic and
Russian TV programs are
received from an INTELSAT
station
Published as “Telephone system”
- 710,000 telephones;
- 90 telephones/1,000 persons (1991);
- 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991);
- domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate
- local:
- a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system (Bakcel) in the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994
- intercity:
- NA
- international:
- connections to other former USSR republics by cable and microwave and to other countries via the Moscow international gateway switch;
- INTELSAT link installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish financial assistance with access to 200 countries through Turkey;
- since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided direct communications with New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite
domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; 710,000
domestic telephone lines [density - 9 lines per 100(1991)],
(1991); 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January
1991); domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate
local: a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system
(Bakcel) in the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994
intercity: NA
international: connections to other former USSR republics by cable and
microwave andswitch;
switch; INTELSAT earth station link installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish
financial assistance with access to 200 countries through Turkey;
since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided direct
communications with New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite; satellite
a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system (Bakcel) in
the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994; domestic and
Russian TV programs are received locally and Turkish and Iranian TV is
received from an INTELSATthrough a receive-only earth
station
Published as “Telephone system”
- 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991 est.)
- domestic:
- telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate;
- a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system in the Baku area was supposed to become operational in 1994
- international:
- cable and microwave radio relay connections to former Soviet republics;
- connection through Moscow international gateway switch to other countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat and 1 Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to Turkey and through Turkey to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct service to New York)
710,000 telephones; 90 telephones/1,000 persons 202,000 persons waiting for telephone
(1991);
installations (January 1991 est.)1991); domestic domestic: telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate inadequate; a
local:
joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system
(Bakcel)
area is was supposed to become operational in 1994intercity: NAinternational: connections to other former USSR republics by cable andand radio relay connections to other countries via the former
Soviet republics; connection through Moscow international gatewayswitch; INTELSAT link installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish switch to other countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat andfinancial assistance with access 1 Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to 200 countries Turkey and through Turkey;since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided Turkey to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct servicecommunications with to New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite York)
Published as “Telephone system”
- 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991 est.)
- domestic:
- telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system in the Baku area is operational
- international:
- cable and microwave radio relay connections to former Soviet republics;
- connection through Moscow international gateway switch to other countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat and 1 Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to Turkey and through Turkey to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct service to New York)
202,000 persons waiting for telephone
(January 1991 est.)
domestic: telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; a
venture to establish a cellular telephone system in the Bakuwas supposed to become is
operational in 1994
international: cable and microwave radio relay connections to former
Soviet republics; connection through Moscow international gateway
switch to other countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat and
Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to Turkey and through
to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct service
York)
Published as “Telephone system”
- 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991 est.)
- domestic:
- telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system in the Baku area is operational
- international:
- cable and microwave radio relay connections to former Soviet republics;
- connection through Moscow international gateway switch to other countries;
- satellite earth stations-1 Intelsat and 1 Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to Turkey and through Turkey to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct service to New York)
202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations
(January 1991 est.)
domestic: telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate; a joint
venture to establish a cellular telephone system in the Baku area is
operational
international: cable and microwave radio relay connections to former
Soviet republics; connection through Moscow international gateway
switch to other countries; satellite earth stations - 1 stations-1 Intelsat and 1
Intersputnik (Intelsat provides service to Turkey and through Turkey
to 200 more countries; Intersputnik provides direct service to New
York)
Published as “Telephone system”
- Azerbaijani telecommunications fall under the Ministry of Communications;
- Azerbaijan's telephone system is a combination of old Soviet era technology used by Azerbaijani citizens and small- to medium-size commercial establishments, and modern cellular phones used by an increasing middle class, large commercial ventures, international companies, and most government officials;
- the average citizen waits on a 200,000-person list for telephone service;
- Internet and E-mail service are available in Baku
- domestic:
- local--the majority of telephones are in Baku or other industrial centers;
- intercity--about 700 villages still do not have public phone service;
- all long distance service must use Azertel's (Ministry of Communications) lines;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its separated enclave to Nakhichevan
- international:
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite service between Baku and Turkey provides access to 200 countries;
- additional satellite providers supply services between Baku and specific countries;
- Azerbaijan is a signator of the Trans-Asia-Europe Fiber-Optic Line (TAE);
- their lines are not laid but the Turkish satellite and a microwave between Azerbaijan and Iran can provide Azerbaijan worldwide access through this system
Rewritten: too little of the 1998 text remains to mark the changes.
Azerbaijani telecommunications fall under the
Ministry of Communications; Azerbaijan's telephone system is a
combination of old Soviet era technology used by Azerbaijani
citizens and small- to medium-size commercial establishments, and
modern cellular phones used by an increasing middle class, large
commercial ventures, international companies, and most government
officials; the average citizen waits on a 200,000-person list for
telephone service; Internet and E-mail service are available in Baku
domestic: local--the majority of telephones are in Baku or other
industrial centers; intercity--about 700 villages still do not have
public phone service; all long distance service must use Azertel's
(Ministry of Communications) lines; satellite service connects Baku
to a modern switch in its separated enclave to Nakhichevan
international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still
serviceable; satellite service between Baku and Turkey provides
access to 200 countries; additional satellite providers supply
services between Baku and specific countries; Azerbaijan is a
signator of the Trans-Asia-Europe Fiber-Optic Line (TAE); their
lines are not laid but the Turkish satellite and a microwave between
Azerbaijan and Iran can provide Azerbaijan worldwide access through
this system
Published as “Telephone system”
- Azerbaijan's telephone system is a combination of old Soviet era technology used by Azerbaijani citizens and small- to medium-size commercial establishments, and modern cellular telephones used by an increasing middle class, large commercial ventures, international companies, and most government officials;
- the average citizen waits on a 200,000-person list for telephone service;
- Internet and e-mail service are available in Baku
- domestic:
- local - the majority of telephones are in Baku or other industrial centers - about 700 villages still do not have public telephone service;
- intercity;
- all long distance service must use Azertel's (Ministry of Communications) lines;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its separated enclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite service between Baku and Turkey provides access to 200 countries;
- additional satellite providers supply services between Baku and specific countries;
- Azerbaijan is a signator of the Trans-Asia-Europe Fiber-Optic Line (TAE);
- their lines are not laid but a Turkish satellite and a microwave link between Azerbaijan and Iran could provide Azerbaijan worldwide access
Azerbaijani telecommunications fall under the Azerbaijan's telephone system is a
Ministry of Communications;phones telephones used by an increasing middle class, largeE-mail e-mail service are available in Baku
domestic: local--the local - the majority of telephones are in Baku or othercenters; intercity--about centers - about 700 villages still do not havephone telephone service; intercity; all long distance service must use Azertel'sto Nakhichevan of Naxcivan
international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is stillthe a Turkish satellite and a microwave link betweencan could provide Azerbaijan worldwide access through
this system
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 8.6 main lines per 100 persons is very low domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still do not have public telephone service;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
Rewritten: too little of the 2000 text remains to mark the changes.
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 8.6 main lines per 100 persons is very low domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still do not have public telephone service; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 10 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002)
- domestic:
- the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 8.6 10 main lines per 100 persons is very low (2002)
domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still do not have without public telephone service; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 10 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002)
- domestic:
- the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 10 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002)
domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international: country code - 994; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 14 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002)
- domestic:
- the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2005)
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 10 14 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002)
domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international: country code - 994; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997) earth stations - 2 (2005)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low;
- mobile cellular penetration is increasing and is currently about 40 telephones per 100 persons
- domestic:
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecoms monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2007)
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 14 15 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002) low; mobile cellular penetration is increasing and is currently about 40 telephones per 100 persons
domestic: the majority fixed-line telephony and a broad range of telephones other telecom services are in Baku controlled by a state-owned telecoms monopoly and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service; growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international: country code - 994; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2005) (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low;
- mobile-cellular penetration is increasing and is currently about 50 telephones per 100 persons
- domestic:
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2007)
general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low; mobile cellular mobile-cellular penetration is increasing and is currently about 40 50 telephones per 100 persons
domestic: fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecoms telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international: country code - 994; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- inadequate;
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low;
- mobile-cellular penetration has increased rapidly and is currently about 80 telephones per 100 persons
- domestic:
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2008)
general assessment:
inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low; mobile-cellular penetration is increasing has increased rapidly and is currently about 50 80 telephones per 100 persons
domestic:
fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2006; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan
international:
country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2007) (2008)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and is rapidly approaching 100 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2009)
general assessment:inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 15 main lines per 100 persons is low; mobile-cellular penetration has increased rapidly and is currently about 80 telephones per 100 personsfixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with
domestic:three four providers in 2006; 2009
domestic:
teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and is rapidly approaching 100 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan Nakhchivan
international:
country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2008) (2009)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and is rapidly approaching 100 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2010)
general assessment:
requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
domestic:
teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and is rapidly approaching 100 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan
international:
country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2009) (2010)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and now exceeds 100 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2011)
general assessment:
requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephony and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
domestic:
teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and is rapidly approaching now exceeds 100 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan
international:
country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2010) (2011)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and now exceeds 100 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhichevan)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2011)
general assessment:
requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephony telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
domestic:
teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and now exceeds 100 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Nakhchivan Naxcivan (Nakhichevan)
international:
country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2011)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and now exceeds 100 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhichevan)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2011)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
- domestic:
- teledensity of 18 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 109 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhichevan)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2015)
general assessment: requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four providers in 2009
domestic: teledensity of 17 18 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased and now exceeds 100 to 109 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhichevan)
international: country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2011) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- requires considerable expansion and modernization;
- fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant;
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2017
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 17 fixed lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 104 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2017)
general assessment: requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with four three providers in 2009 2017
domestic: teledensity of 18 some 17 fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 109 104 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhichevan) (Nakhchivan)
international: country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2015) (2017)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market;
- Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations;
- Pre-5G network operating on the TD-LTE standard (2017)
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 102 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2017)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2017)
general assessment: requires considerable expansion and modernization; fixed-line telephone and a broad range of other telecom services are controlled by a state-owned telecommunications monopoly and growth has been stagnant; more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market with three providers in 2017 market; Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations; Pre-5G network operating on the TD-LTE standard (2017)
domestic: teledensity of some 17 fixed lines fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 104 102 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2017)
international: country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2017)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market;
- Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations;
- Pre-5G network operating on the TD-LTE standard (2018)
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 102 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2018)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
general assessment: more competition exists in the mobile-cellular market; Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations; Pre-5G network operating on the TD-LTE standard (2017) (2018)
domestic: teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 102 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 994; the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2017) (2019)
- general assessment:
- after the oil sector, the telecommunications sector contributes the most to the GDP;
- more competition will allow for falling prices and the strengthening of the 4G TD-LTE standard and the migration to 5G;
- Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations (2020)
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 107 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2019)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: after the oil sector, the telecommunications sector contributes the most to the GDP; more competition exists in will allow for falling prices and the mobile-cellular market; strengthening of the 4G TD-LTE standard and the migration to 5G; Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations; Pre-5G network operating on the TD-LTE standard (2018) nations (2020)
domestic: teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 102 107 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 994; the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- a landlocked country with historically poor infrastructure;
- state control of telecom systems;
- progress with Digital Hub project despite economic contraction in 2020;
- government launched e-school and e-service programs;
- risk of delays in infrastructure and launch of new technologies, including 5G due to slow market demand;
- LTE supports most data traffic while mobile broadband subscribership grows rapidly;
- fixed-line broadband market has slight upward trend;
- Internet access is expensive and suffers from outages and intentional government disruption;
- importer of broadcasting equipment from Russia (2020)
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 107 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2019)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: after the oil sector, the telecommunications sector contributes the most to the GDP; more competition will allow for falling prices a landlocked country with historically poor infrastructure; state control of telecom systems; progress with Digital Hub project despite economic contraction in 2020; government launched e-school and the strengthening e-service programs; risk of the 4G TD-LTE standard delays in infrastructure and the migration launch of new technologies, including 5G due to 5G; Azerbaijan has moderate mobile, slow market demand; LTE supports most data traffic while mobile broadband and fixed subscribership grows rapidly; fixed-line broadband penetration compared to other Asian nations market has slight upward trend; Internet access is expensive and suffers from outages and intentional government disruption; importer of broadcasting equipment from Russia (2020)
domestic: teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 107 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2019)
international: country code - 994; the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- in spite of the telecom sector being one of the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment in the sector has been held back by years of political and civil unrest coupled with endemic corruption; mobile penetration rates reached 100% as far back as 2011 but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of their LTE networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line teledensity continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; the rate of decline is comparatively slower than other countries, since Azerbaijan has a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; fiber is gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and this makes up the bulk of the growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2020)
- domestic:
- teledensity of some 16 fixed-lines per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular teledensity of 102 telephones per 100 persons;
- satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2020)
- international:
- country code - 994;
- the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries;
- the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable;
- satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: a landlocked country with historically poor infrastructure; state control in spite of the telecom systems; progress with Digital Hub project despite economic contraction in 2020; government launched e-school and e-service programs; risk sector being one of delays the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment in infrastructure the sector has been held back by years of political and launch civil unrest coupled with endemic corruption; mobile penetration rates reached 100% as far back as 2011 but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of new technologies, including 5G due to slow market demand; their LTE supports most data traffic while networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband subscribership grows rapidly; fixed-line over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband market can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line teledensity continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; the rate of decline is comparatively slower than other countries, since Azerbaijan has slight upward trend; Internet access a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; fiber is expensive and suffers from outages gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and intentional government disruption; importer this makes up the bulk of broadcasting equipment from Russia the growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2020)
domestic: teledensity of some 17 16 fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 107 of 102 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 994; the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
- general assessment:
- in spite of the telecom sector being one of the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment in the sector has been held back by years of political and civil unrest coupled with endemic corruption; mobile penetration rates reached 100% as far back as 2011 but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of their LTE networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line teledensity continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; the rate of decline is comparatively slower than other countries, since Azerbaijan has a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; fiber is gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and this makes up the bulk of the growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2020)
- domestic:
- 16 fixed-lines subscriptions per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions of 105 telephones per 100 persons (2021)
- international:
- country code - 994; Azerbaijan’s largest mobile network operator ( MNO ) launched trial 5G mobile services in Baku on 27 December 2022 (2023)
general assessment: in spite of the telecom sector being one of the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment in the sector has been held back by years of political and civil unrest coupled with endemic corruption; mobile penetration rates reached 100% as far back as 2011 but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of their LTE networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line teledensity continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; the rate of decline is comparatively slower than other countries, since Azerbaijan has a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; fiber is gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and this makes up the bulk of the growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2020)
domestic: teledensity of some 16 fixed-lines subscriptions per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity subscriptions of 102 105 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2020) persons (2021)
international: country code - 994; the TAE fiber-optic link transits Azerbaijan providing international connectivity to neighboring countries; the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; satellite earth stations - 2 (2019) Azerbaijan’s largest mobile
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly indevice production; progress toward network operator ( MNO ) launched trial 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom mobile services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services Baku on 27 December 2022 (2023)
- general assessment:
- the telecom sector was one of the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment; mobile usage rates reached 100% as far back as 2011, but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of their long-term evolution (LTE) networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line tele density continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; yet the rate of decline is comparatively slow to other countries, since Azerbaijan has a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; Fiber (12% of fixed broadband connections) is gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and this makes up the bulk of the (limited) growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2024)
- domestic:
- 16 fixed-lines subscriptions per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions of 107 telephones per 100 persons (2022)
- international:
- country code - 994; Azerbaijan’s largest mobile network operator ( MNO ) launched trial 5G mobile services in Baku on 27 December 2022 (2023)
general assessment: in spite of the telecom sector being was one of the major contributors to Azerbaijan’s non-oil GDP, overall development, growth, and investment in the sector has been held back by years of political and civil unrest coupled with endemic corruption; investment; mobile penetration usage rates reached 100% as far back as 2011 2011, but have largely stagnated since then; the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) are slowly extending the reach of their LTE long-term evolution (LTE) networks around the country, and this increased coverage (along with access to faster data-based services) is expected to produce a moderate resurgence for both mobile and mobile broadband over the next few years as customers migrate from 3G to 4G. 5G services are still some ways off, as the demand for high-speed data and fast broadband can easily be met by existing capacity on LTE networks; fixed-line teledensity tele density continues to drop down each year as customers consolidate their telecommunications services around the mobile platform; yet the rate of decline is comparatively slower than slow to other countries, since Azerbaijan has a relatively high proportion of (87%) of fixed-line broadband customers still on DSL; fiber Fiber (12% of fixed broadband connections) is gradually being rolled out in urban areas, and this makes up the bulk of the (limited) growth being seen in the overall fixed broadband market; DSL’s predominance, however, will serve to keep Azerbaijan’s average access speeds in the sub-10Mbps range for the foreseeable future (2020) (2024)
domestic: 16 fixed-lines subscriptions per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscriptions of 105 107 telephones per 100 persons (2021) (2022)
international: country code - 994; Azerbaijan’s largest mobile network operator ( MNO ) launched trial 5G mobile services in Baku on 27 December 2022 (2023)
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Azerbaijan: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1992–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/azerbaijan/telecommunication-systems.