Barbados
parliamentary democracyIndependence 30 November 1966 (from UK)
Barbados as the 2002 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 111 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.
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Introduction
1 fieldBackground
The island was uninhabited when first settled by the British in 1627. Slaves worked the sugar plantations established on the island until 1834 when slavery was abolished. The economy remained heavily dependent on sugar, rum, and molasses production through most of the 20th century. The gradual introduction of social and political reforms in the 1940s and 1950s led to complete independence from the UK in 1966. In the 1990s, tourism and manufacturing surpassed the sugar industry in economic importance.
Geography
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
18 fieldsLand useshare of 431 sq km
Location
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
Environment - current issues
- pollution of coastal waters from waste disposal by ships;
- soil erosion;
- illegal solid waste disposal threatens contamination of aquifers
Environment - international agreements
- party to:
- Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
- signed, but not ratified:
- Biodiversity
People
18 fieldsPer 1,000 population(2002 est.)
Male · female
Age structure
- 0-14 years:
- 21.4% (male 29,888; female 29,338)
- 15-64 years:
- 69.8% (male 94,214; female 98,811)
- 65 years and over:
- 8.8% (male 9,378; female 14,978) (2002 est.)
Sex ratio
- at birth:
- 1.01 male(s)/female
- under 15 years:
- 1.02 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years:
- 0.95 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over:
- 0.63 male(s)/female
- total population:
- 0.93 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Government
Parliamentary democracy; Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Clifford Straughn HUSBANDS (since 1 June 1996); Prime Minister Owen Seymour ARTHUR (since 6 September 1994)
18 fieldsHouse of Assembly, 28 seats, elected 20 January 1999one dot, one seat
Administrative divisions
- 11 parishes;
- Christ Church, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint James, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Lucy, Saint Michael, Saint Peter, Saint Philip, Saint Thomas;
- note - the city of Bridgetown may be given parish status
Executive branch
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Clifford Straughn HUSBANDS (since 1 June 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Owen Seymour ARTHUR (since 6 September 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Billie MILLER (since 6 September 1994)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor general appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general;
- the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister
Legislative branch
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (21-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Assembly (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
- elections:
- House of Assembly - last held 20 January 1999 (next to be held by January 2004)
- election results:
- House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BLP 26, DLP 2
Judicial branch
Supreme Court of Judicature (judges are appointed by the Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Services)
Political parties and leaders
- Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR];
- Democratic Labor Party or DLP [David THOMPSON];
- National Democratic Party or NDP [Richard HAYNES]
Political pressure groups and leaders
- Barbados Workers Union [Leroy TROTMAN];
- Clement Payne Labor Union [David COMMISSIONG];
- People's Progressive Movement [Eric SEALY];
- Worker's Party of Barbados [Dr. George BELLE]
International organization participation
ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Michael Ian KING
- consulate(s):
- Los Angeles
- consulate(s) general:
- Miami and New York
- FAX:
- [1] (202) 332-7467
- telephone:
- [1] (202) 939-9200
- chancery:
- 2144 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Earl N. PHILLIPS, Jr.
- embassy:
- Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Building, Broad Street, Bridgetown; (courier) ALICO Building-Cheapside, Bridgetown
- mailing address:
- P. O. Box 302, Bridgetown; CMR 1014, APO AA 34055
- telephone:
- [1] (246) 436-4950
- FAX:
- [1] (246) 429-5246
Flag description
- three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band;
- the trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)
Economy
Historically, the Barbadian economy had been dependent on sugarcane cultivation and related activities, but production in recent years has diversified into manufacturing and tourism.
32 fieldsGDP - composition by sector(2000 est.)
Trading partnersexports left, imports right
Electricity
Economy - overview
Historically, the Barbadian economy had been dependent on sugarcane cultivation and related activities, but production in recent years has diversified into manufacturing and tourism. Offshore finance and information services are important foreign exchange earners, and there is also a light manufacturing sector.
The government continues its efforts to reduce unemployment, encourage direct foreign investment, and privatize remaining state-owned enterprises. The economy contracted in 2001 due to slowdowns in tourism and consumer spending. Growth will remain anemic in 2002 with a recovery likely near the end of the year.
Exports - commodities
sugar and molasses, rum, other foods and beverages, chemicals, electrical components, clothing
Imports - commodities
consumer goods, machinery, foodstuffs, construction materials, chemicals, fuel, electrical components
Communications
10 fieldsTelephone system
- general assessment:
- NA
- domestic:
- island-wide automatic telephone system
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Trinidad and Saint Lucia
Transportation
7 fieldsMerchant marine, 41 ships by typeone square, one ship · ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 629,987 GRT/1,073,991 DWT
Airports by runway lengthpaved only
Networkskm
Military
Royal Barbados Defense Force (including Ground Forces and Coast Guard), Royal Barbados Police Force
5 fieldsMilitary branches
Royal Barbados Defense Force (including Ground Forces and Coast Guard), Royal Barbados Police Force
Transnational Issues
2 fieldsIllicit drugs
one of many Caribbean transshipment points for narcotics bound for Europe and the US; offshore financial center
Cite this entry
Central Intelligence Agency. “Barbados.” The World Factbook 2002. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/barbados/2002.