The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 North America
Executive branch Bermuda, in 35 editions.
The entry for Bermuda published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 25 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 25
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- British monarch,
- governor,
- deputy governor,
- premier,
- deputy premier,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
British monarch, governor, deputy governor, premier, deputy premier, Executive Council (cabinet)
Published as “Executive branch”
- British monarch,
- governor,
- deputy governor,
- premier,
- deputy premier,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Lord David WADDINGTON
- Head of Government:
- Premier John William David SWAN (since January 1982)
Published as “Elections”
- House of Assembly:
- last held 9 February 1989 (next to be held by February 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA;
- seats - (40 total) UBP 23, PLP 15, NLP 1, other 1
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
British monarch, governor, deputy governor, premier, deputy premier,
Executive Council (cabinet)
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Lord
David WADDINGTON
Head of Government:
Premier John William David SWAN (since January 1982)
House of Assembly:
last held 9 February 1989 (next to be held by February 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (40 total) UBP 23, PLP 15, NLP 1, other
1
Published as “Elections”
- House of Assembly:
- last held 9 February 1989 (next to be held by February 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA;
- seats - (40 total) UBP 23, PLP 15, NLP 1, other 1
Published as “Executive branch”
- British monarch,
- governor,
- deputy governor,
- premier,
- deputy premier,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Lord David WADDINGTON (since NA)
- Head of Government:
- Premier John William David SWAN (since NA January 1982)
House of Assembly:
last held 9 February 1989 (next to be held by February 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (40 total) UBP 23, PLP 15, NLP 1, other
1
British monarch, governor, deputy governor, premier, deputy premier,
Executive Council (cabinet)
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Lord
David WADDINGTON (since NA)
Head of Government:
Premier John William David SWAN (since NA January 1982)
House of Assembly:
last held 9 February 1989 (next to be held by February 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (40 total) UBP 23, PLP 15, NLP 1, other
1
The entry for Bermuda did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Lord David WADDINGTON (since 25 August 1992)
- head of government:
- Premier John William David SWAN (since NA January 1982); Deputy Premier J. Irving PEARMAN (since 5 October 1993)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
represented by Governor Lord David WADDINGTON (since 25 August 1992)
head of government: Premier John William David SWAN (since NA January
1982); Deputy Premier J. Irving PEARMAN (since 5 October 1993)
cabinet: Cabinet; nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (of the United Kingdom since 6 February 1952),
- a hereditary monarch,
- is represented by Governor Lord David WADDINGTON (since 25 August 1992),
- who was appointed by the queen
- head of government:
- Premier David SAUL (since 25 August 1995) was appointed by the governor; Deputy Premier Jerome DILL (since 1 September 1995)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet was nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since (of the United Kingdom since 6
February 1952),
Lord David WADDINGTON (since 25 August 1992) 1992), who was appointed by
the queen
head of government: Premier John William David SWAN SAUL (since NA January 25 August 1995) was1982); appointed by the governor; Deputy Premier J. Irving PEARMAN Jerome DILL (since 5 October 1993) 1
September 1995)
cabinet: Cabinet; Cabinet was nominated by the premier, appointed by the
governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II of the UK (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor John MASEFIELD (since June 1997)
- head of government:
- Premier Pamela GORDON (since 25 March 1997); Deputy Premier Jerome DILL (since 1 September 1995)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the queen is a hereditary monarch;
- governor appointed by the queen;
- premier appointed by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (of of the United Kingdom since UK (since 6a hereditary monarch, is
represented by Governor
Lord David WADDINGTON25 August 1992), who was appointed by June 1997)
the queen
head of government: Premier David SAUL Pamela GORDON (since 25 August 1995) was March 1997);appointed by the governor; Deputy Premier Jerome DILL (since 1
cabinet: Cabinet was nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the queen is a hereditary monarch; governor appointed
by the queen; premier appointed by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II of the UK (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since June 1997)
- head of government:
- Premier Pamela GORDON (since 25 March 1997); Deputy Premier Jerome DILL (since 1 September 1995)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the queen is a hereditary monarch;
- governor appointed by the queen;
- premier appointed by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II of the UK (since 6 February 1952),
represented by Governor John Thorold MASEFIELD (since June 1997)
head of government: Premier Pamela GORDON (since 25 March 1997);
Deputy Premier Jerome DILL (since 1 September 1995)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the queen is a hereditary monarch; governor appointed
by the queen; premier appointed by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)
- head of government:
- Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- premier appointed by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II of the UK (since 6 February 1952),
represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)
head of government: Premier Pamela GORDON (since 25 March 1997); Jennifer SMITH (since
Deputy Premier Jerome DILL1 September 1995) 10 November 1998)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the queen monarch is a hereditary monarch; hereditary; governor appointed
the queen; monarch; premier appointed by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)
- head of government:
- Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed bypremier appointed by the governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997) head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
- head of government:
- Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD Sir John VEREKER (since NA June 1997) April 2002)
head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites following legislative elections, the leader of largest the majority party in Parliament to form a government as or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
- head of government:
- Premier Alex SCOTT (since 24 July 2003)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH Alex SCOTT (since 10 November 1998) 24 July 2003)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
- head of government:
- Premier Alex SCOTT (since 24 July 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
head of government: Premier Alex SCOTT (since 24 July 2003) 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since 11 April 2002)
- head of government:
- Premier William Alexander SCOTT (since 24 July 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA 11 April 2002)
head of government: Premier Alex William Alexander SCOTT (since 24 July 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since 11 April 2002)
- head of government:
- Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since 11 April 2002)
head of government: Premier William Alexander SCOTT Ewart BROWN (since 24 July 2003); 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN Paula COX
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor Mark CAPES (since 12 October 2007)
- head of government:
- Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), 1952); represented by Acting Governor Sir John VEREKER Mark CAPES (since 11 April 2002) 12 October 2007)
head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)
- head of government:
- Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor Mark CAPES Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 October December 2007)
head of government: Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)
- head of government:
- Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections:
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)
head of government:
Premier Ewart BROWN (since 30 October 2006); Deputy Premier Paula COX
cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)
- head of government:
- Premier Paula COX (since 29 October 2010); Deputy Premier Derrick BURGESS
- cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY (since 12 December 2007)
head of government:
Premier Ewart BROWN Paula COX (since 30 29 October 2006); 2010); Deputy Premier Paula COX Derrick BURGESS
cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarch monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 2012 and 2013.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor George FERGUSSON (since 23 May 2012)
- head of government:
- Premier Craig CANNONIER (since 18 December 2012)
- cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Richard GOZNEY George FERGUSSON (since 12 December 2007) 23 May 2012)
head of government:
Premier Paula COX Craig CANNONIER (since 29 October 2010); Deputy Premier Derrick BURGESS 18 December 2012)
cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor George FERGUSSON (since 23 May 2012)
- head of government:
- Premier Michael DUNKLEY (since 20 May 2014)
- cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor George FERGUSSON (since 23 May 2012)
head of government:
Premier Craig CANNONIER Michael DUNKLEY (since 18 December 2012) 20 May 2014)
cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 2015 and 2016.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor George FERGUSSON (since 23 May 2012)
- head of government:
- Premier Michael DUNKLEY (since 20 May 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or
elections:the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 3 editions, 2017 to 2019.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor John RANKIN (since 5 December 2016)
- head of government:
- Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor George FERGUSSON John RANKIN (since 23 May 2012) 5 December 2016)
head of government: Premier Michael DUNKLEY David BURT (since 20 May 2014) 19 July 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 2020 and 2021.
- chief of state:
- Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Rena LALGIE (since 14 December 2020)
- head of government:
- Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor John RANKIN Rena LALGIE (since 5 14 December 2016) 2020)
head of government: Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
The same text in 3 editions, 2022 to 2024.
- chief of state:
- King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Rena LALGIE (since 14 December 2020)
- head of government:
- Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II King CHARLES III (since 6 February 1952); 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Rena LALGIE (since 14 December 2020)
head of government: Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
- chief of state:
- King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Andrew MURDOCH (since 23 January 2025)
- head of government:
- Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet nominated by the premier, approved by the governor
- election/appointment process:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- governor appointed by the monarch;
- following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the premier
chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Rena LALGIE Andrew MURDOCH (since 14 December 2020) 23 January 2025)
head of government: Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed approved by the governorelections/appointments: election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by as the governor premier
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Bermuda: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/bermuda/executive-branch.