The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Southeast Asia
Telecommunication systems Burma (Myanmar), in 35 editions.
The entry for Burma (Myanmar) published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 28 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 28
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Changed since 2023The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service;
- international service is good;
- radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas;
- 53,000 telephones (1986);
- stations--2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985);
- 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service; international service is good; radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas; 53,000 telephones (1986); stations--2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985); 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service;
- international service is good;
- 53,000 telephones (1986);
- radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985);
- 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service; international
service is good; 53,000 telephones (1986); radiobroadcast coverage is
limited to the most populous areas; 53,000 telephones (1986); stations--2 broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV
(1985); 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government;
- international service is good;
- 53,000 telephones (1986);
- radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985);
- 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service; international service for business and
government; international service is good; 53,000 telephones (1986);
radiobroadcast coverage is
stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government;
- international service is good;
- 53,000 telephones (1986);
- radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985);
- 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for
business and
telephones (1986);
populous areas; broadcast
Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- 53,000 telephones (1986);
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government;
- international service is good
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- NA
- international:
- 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station
53,000 telephones (1986); meets minimum requirements
for local and intercity service for
international service is good; 53,000 goodtelephones (1986); radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most local: NApopulous areas; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985); 1 Indian intercity: NAOcean international: 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
53,000 telephones (1986); meets minimum requirements
intercity service for business and government;
is goodlocal: NA domestic: NA
intercity:
international: satellite earth station - 1 INTELSAT Intelsat (Indian Ocean) earth station
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
meets minimum requirements for local and
service for business and government; international service
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station-1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity
service for business and government; international service is good
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station - 1 station-1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station--1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity
intercity service for business and government; international service
is good
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station-1 station--1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
meets minimum requirements for local and
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station--1 station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government;
- international service is good domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
The same text in 3 editions, 2004 to 2006.
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- barely meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is fair
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- country code - 95; satellite earth station - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean), and ShinSat
general assessment: barely meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good fair
domestic: NA
international: country code - 95; satellite earth station - 1 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) Ocean), and ShinSat
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- barely meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is fair
- domestic:
- NA
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean), and ShinSat (2007)
general assessment: barely meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is fair
domestic: NA
international: country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth station stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean), and ShinSat (2007)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of less than 1 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2007)
general assessment: barely meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is fair government
domestic: NA system barely capable of providing basic service; cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of less than 1 per 100 persons
international: country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean), Ocean) and ShinSat (2007)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of less than 1 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2008)
general assessment:
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic:
system barely capable of providing basic service; cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of less than 1 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2007) (2008)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of only 1 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2009)
general assessment:
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic:
system barely capable of providing basic service; cellular mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of less than only 1 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2008) (2009)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2009)
general assessment:
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic:
system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped with a subscribership base of only 1 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2009)
The same text in 3 editions, 2012 to 2014.
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2011)
general assessment:
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic:
system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped
international:
country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2009) (2011)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- system barely capable of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2011)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- the government eased its monopoly on communications in 2013 and granted telecom licenses to two foreign operators, which has resulted in a dramatic expansion of the wireless network
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2015)
general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic: system barely capable the government eased its monopoly on communications in 2013 and granted telecom licenses to two foreign operators, which has resulted in a dramatic expansion of providing basic service; mobile-cellular phone system is grossly underdeveloped the wireless network
international: country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2011) (2015)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
- domestic:
- the government eased its monopoly on communications in 2013 and granted telecom licenses to three new operators, which has resulted in a dramatic expansion of the wireless network
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2016)
general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government
domestic: the government eased its monopoly on communications in 2013 and granted telecom licenses to two foreign three new operators, which has resulted in a dramatic expansion of the wireless network
international: country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2015) (2016)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- remains one of the last underdeveloped telecoms markets in Asia;
- the mobile market has experienced rapid growth from 2013 to 2017, in 2014 foreign competion was allowed to compete in the market (2017)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is less than 1 per 100, while moblie-cellular is 87 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2017)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2016)
general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government remains one of the
domestic:government eased its monopoly on communications last underdeveloped telecoms markets in Asia; the mobile market has experienced rapid growth from 2013 and granted telecom licenses to three new operators, which has resulted 2017, in a dramatic expansion of 2014 foreign competion was allowed to compete in the wireless network market (2017)
domestic: fixed-line is less than 1 per 100, while moblie-cellular is 87 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2017)
international: country code - 95; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2016)
Entry published as “Burma”.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- remains one of the last underdeveloped telecoms markets in Asia;
- the mobile market has experienced rapid growth from 2013 to 2017, in 2014 foreign competition was allowed to compete in the market (2018)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is less than 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 87 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2018)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
general assessment: remains one of the last underdeveloped telecoms markets in Asia; the mobile market has experienced rapid growth from 2013 to 2017, in 2014 foreign competion competition was allowed to compete in the market (2017) (2018)
domestic: fixed-line is less than 1 per 100, while moblie-cellular mobile-cellular is 87 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 95; landing point points for the SEA-ME-WE-3 SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2016) (2019)
Entry published as “Burma”.
- general assessment:
- use to claim to be one of the last underdeveloped telecom markets in Asia;
- the mobile market has recently experienced rapid growth, in 2014 foreign competition was allowed to compete in the market and now they have moved from 1 operator to 3;
- low compared to other nations in the region, but expanding nationally;
- moving past fixed broadband to mobile device access for Internet services;
- rollout of 4G to eventually 5G networks (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 114 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2019)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: remains use to claim to be one of the last underdeveloped telecoms telecom markets in Asia; the mobile market has recently experienced rapid growth from 2013 to 2017, growth, in 2014 foreign competition was allowed to compete in the market (2018) and now they have moved from 1 operator to 3; low compared to other nations in the region, but expanding nationally; moving past fixed broadband to mobile device access for Internet services; rollout of 4G to eventually 5G networks (2020)
domestic: fixed-line is less than 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 87 114 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 95; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
Entry published as “Burma”.
- general assessment:
- Burma, one of the last underdeveloped telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through foreign competition and roll out of 4G and 5G networks;
- infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption;
- digital divide affects rural areas;
- fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile platform;
- healthy m-banking platform;
- tests for NB-IoT;
- benefit from launch of regional satellite;
- government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet in political crisis;
- top importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021) (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 114 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2019)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: use to claim to be Burma, one of the last underdeveloped telecom markets in Asia; the mobile market has recently experienced rapid growth, Asia, saw growth in 2014 mobile and broadband services through foreign competition was allowed to compete in the market and now they have moved from 1 operator to 3; low compared to other nations in the region, but expanding nationally; moving past roll out of 4G and 5G networks; infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption; digital divide affects rural areas; fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile device access platform; healthy m-banking platform; tests for NB-IoT; benefit from launch of regional satellite; government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet services; rollout in political crisis; top importer of 4G to eventually 5G networks broadcasting equipment from China (2021) (2020)
domestic: fixed-line is 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 114 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2019)
international: country code - 95; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
Entry published as “Burma”.
- general assessment:
- Burma, one of the least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through foreign competition and roll out of 4G and 5G networks;
- infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption;
- digital divide affects rural areas;
- fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile platform;
- healthy m-banking platform;
- tests for NB-IoT;
- benefit from launch of regional satellite;
- government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet in political crisis (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is roughly 144 per 100 (2020)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: Burma, one of the last underdeveloped least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through foreign competition and roll out of 4G and 5G networks; infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption; digital divide affects rural areas; fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile platform; healthy m-banking platform; tests for NB-IoT; benefit from launch of regional satellite; government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet in political crisis; top importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021) crisis (2020)
domestic: fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is 114 roughly 144 per 100 and shows great potential for the future (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 95; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Entry published as “Burma”.
- general assessment:
- Burma, one of the least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through foreign competition and roll out of 4G and 5G networks;
- infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption;
- digital divide affects rural areas;
- fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile platform;
- healthy m-banking platform;
- tests for NB-IoT;
- benefit from launch of regional satellite;
- government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet in political crisis (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is roughly 126 per 100 (2021)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
general assessment: Burma, one of the least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through foreign competition and roll out of 4G and 5G networks; infrastructure development challenged by flooding, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption; digital divide affects rural areas; fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation of the mobile platform; healthy m-banking platform; tests for NB-IoT; benefit from launch of regional satellite; government utilizes intermittent censorship and shut-down of Internet in political crisis (2020)
domestic: fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is roughly 144 126 per 100 (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 95; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
Entry published as “Burma”.
- general assessment:
- Burma, one of the least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through expanded foreign access and investment in the 2010s and roll outs 4G and limited 5G network infrastructures;
- infrastructure expansion has been challenged by armed conflict, severe weather events, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and decreased foreign investment since the 2021 military coup;
- digital divide affects rural areas;
- fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and widespread installation of the mobile network platforms;
- multiple m-banking platforms;
- tests for NB-IoT;
- benefit from launch of regional satellite;
- government censors online content and restricts Internet and mobile network quality in political crisis (2023)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is roughly 126 per 100 (2021)
- international:
- country code - 95;
- landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
general assessment: Burma, one of the least developed telecom markets in Asia, saw growth in mobile and broadband services through expanded foreign competition access and investment in the 2010s and roll out of outs 4G and limited 5G networks; network infrastructures; infrastructure development expansion has been challenged by flooding, armed conflict, severe weather events, unreliable electricity, inefficient bureaucracy, and corruption; decreased foreign investment since the 2021 military coup; digital divide affects rural areas; fixed broadband remains low due to number of fixed-lines and near saturation widespread installation of the mobile platform; healthy network platforms; multiple m-banking platform; platforms; tests for NB-IoT; benefit from launch of regional satellite; government utilizes intermittent censorship censors online content and shut-down of restricts Internet and mobile network quality in political crisis (2020) (2023)
domestic: fixed-line is just under 1 per 100, while mobile-cellular is roughly 126 per 100 (2021)
international: country code - 95; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3, SeaMeWe-5, AAE-1 and Singapore-Myanmar optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2, Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and ShinSat (2019)
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Burma (Myanmar): Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/burma/telecommunication-systems.