The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Asia
Languages China, in 36 editions.
The entry for China published Languages in 36 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 16 editions. Each is shown as published. Languages in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 16
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Language” (1990 to 1991) and “Languages” (1992 to 2025).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2016 edition
Same as 2015The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Language”
- Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect);
- also Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages (see ethnic divisions)
Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect); also Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages (see ethnic divisions)
- Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect);
- also Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages (see ethnic divisions)
Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect);
also Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan
(Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages (see
ethnic divisions)
- Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based on the Beijing dialect); dialect), Yue
also
(Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan
Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and minority languages (see
ethnic divisions)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese (Putonghua) or Mandarin (based (Putonghua, based on the Beijing
dialect), Yue(Hokkien-Taiwanese),
(Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages
(see Ethnic divisions entry)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing
Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan
Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages
languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghaiese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the
Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou),
(Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority
minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
The same text in 1997 and 1998.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghaiese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the
Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei
Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects,
languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghaiese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the
Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou),
(Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority
minority languages (see Ethnic divisions entry)
The same text in 7 editions, 2000 to 2006.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghaiese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on thedivisions groups entry)
The same text in 3 editions, 2007 to 2009.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect) (official),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), dialect) (official), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note:
Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
The same text in 3 editions, 2011 to 2013.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect) (official), dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note:
Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note:
Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
The same text in 6 editions, 2015 to 2020.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect),
- Yue (Cantonese),
- Wu (Shanghainese),
- Minbei (Fuzhou),
- Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
- Xiang,
- Gan,
- Hakka dialects,
- minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note:Uyghur, Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
The same text in 2021 and 2022.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry);
- note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
- major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) entry); note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
note:
major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry);
- note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
- major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry); note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
The same text in 2024 and 2025.
- Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages;
- note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
- major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry); languages; note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)
major-language sample(s):
世界概況 – 不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
No edition has those words. Try a shorter word.
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “China: Languages.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/china/languages.