The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1993 to 2025 Europe
Executive branch Czechia, in 32 editions.
The entry for Czechia published Executive branch in 32 editions of 33, from 1993 to 2025. The text changed in 29 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 29
- the first edition with it
- 1993
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Elections” (1993), “Executive branch” (1993 to 2025) and “Leaders” (1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998); results - Vaclav HAVEL elected by the National Council
- Senate:
- elections not yet held; seats (81 total)
- Chamber of Deputies:
- last held 5-6 June 1992 (next to be held NA 1996);
- results - percent of vote by party NA;
- seats - (200 total) Civic Democratic Party/Christian Democratic Party 76, Left Bloc 35, Czechoslovak Social Democracy 16, Liberal Social Union 16, Christian Democratic Union/Czech People's Party 15, Assembly for the Republic/Republican Party 14, Civic Democratic Alliance 14, Movement for Self-Governing Democracy for Moravia and Silesia 14
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK,
- Josef LUX,
- Jan KALVODA (since NA June 1992)
President:
last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998); results -
Vaclav HAVEL elected by the National Council
Senate:
elections not yet held; seats (81 total)
Chamber of Deputies:
last held 5-6 June 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote
by party NA; seats - (200 total) Civic Democratic Party/Christian Democratic
Party 76, Left Bloc 35, Czechoslovak Social Democracy 16, Liberal Social
Union 16, Christian Democratic Union/Czech People's Party 15, Assembly for
the Republic/Republican Party 14, Civic Democratic Alliance 14, Movement for
Self-Governing Democracy for Moravia and Silesia 14
president, prime minister, Cabinet
Chief of State:
President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992); Deputy Prime Ministers
Ivan KOCARNIK, Josef LUX, Jan KALVODA (since NA June 1992)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
The entry for Czechia did not include Executive branch.
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993);
- election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
- results - Vaclav HAVEL elected by the National Council
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK,
- Josef LUX,
- Jan KALVODA (since NA June 1992)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993);
election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
results - Vaclav HAVEL elected by the National Council
head of government: Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992);
Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK, Josef LUX, Jan KALVODA (since NA
June 1992)
cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president on recommendation of the
prime minister
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993) was elected for a five-year term by the Parliament;
- election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
- results - Vaclav HAVEL was elected
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992) was appointed by the president;
- Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK (since NA June 1992), Josef LUX (since NA June 1992), Jan KALVODA (since NA June 1992)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet was appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993); 1993) was
elected for a five-year term by the Parliament; election last held
26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
HAVEL was elected by the National Council
head of government: Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992); 1992)
was appointed by the president; Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK, KOCARNIK
(since NA June 1992), Josef LUX, LUX (since NA June 1992), Jan KALVODA
(since NA
cabinet: Cabinet; Cabinet was appointed by the president on recommendation of the
the prime minister
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993)
- head of government :
- Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK (since NA June 1992), Josef LUX (since NA June 1992), Josef ZIELENIEC (since NA June 1992)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections :
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav HAVEL elected president; percent of parliamentary vote - NA
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 1993) waselected for a five-year term by the Parliament; election last heldhead of
26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998); results - Vaclav
HAVEL was electedgovernment: government : Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS (since NA June 1992) 1992);was appointed by the president; Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK
(since NA June 1992), Jan KALVODAJosef ZIELENIEC (since NA June 1992)
cabinet: Cabinet was appointed by the president on the recommendation of
the prime minister
elections : president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998);
prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav HAVEL elected president; percent of
parliamentary vote - NA
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Josef TOSOVSKY (since 16 December 1997);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Josef LUX (since NA June 1992), Jaroslav SEDIVY (since NA January 1998), Jiri SKALICKY (since NA June 1997)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 January 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav HAVEL elected president;
- percent of parliamentary vote-NA;
- Vaclav HAVEL received 47 of 81 votes in the Senate and 99 out of 200 votes in the Chamber of Deputies (second round of voting)
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 26 January 2 February 1993)
head of government : government: Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS Josef TOSOVSKY (since NA June 1992); 16 December
1997); Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK Josef LUX (since NA June 1992), Josef LUX Jaroslav
SEDIVY (since NA June 1992), Josef ZIELENIEC January 1998), Jiri SKALICKY (since NA June 1992) 1997)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of
the prime ministerelections : elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
election last held 26 20 January 1993 1998 (next to be held NA January 1998); 2003);
prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav HAVEL elected president; percent of
parliamentary vote - NA vote-NA; Vaclav HAVEL received 47 of 81 votes in the
Senate and 99 out of 200 votes in the Chamber of Deputies (second
round of voting)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Milos ZEMAN (since 17 July 1998);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Vladimir SPIDLA (since 17 July 1998), Pavel RYCHETSKY since 17 July 1998), Egon LANSKY (since 17 July 1998), Pavel MERTLIK (since 17 July 1998)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 January 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav HAVEL reelected president; Vaclav HAVEL received 47 of 81 votes in the Senate and 99 out of 200 votes in the Chamber of Deputies (second round of voting)
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)
head of government: Prime Minister Josef TOSOVSKY Milos ZEMAN (since 16 December 17 July 1998);1997); Deputy Prime Ministers Josef LUX Vladimir SPIDLA (since NA June 1992), Jaroslav 17 July 1998), PavelSEDIVY RYCHETSKY since 17 July 1998), Egon LANSKY (since NA January 17 July 1998), Jiri SKALICKY
Pavel MERTLIK (since NA June 1997) 17 July 1998)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of
the prime minister
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
election last held 20 January 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003);
2003); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav HAVEL elected reelected president; percent of Vaclav HAVEL
parliamentary vote-NA;
received 47 of 81 votes in the
Chamber of Deputies (second
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Milos ZEMAN (since 17 July 1998);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Vladimir SPIDLA (since 17 July 1998), Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 17 July 1998), Pavel MERTLIK (since 17 July 1998), Jan KAZAN (since 8 December 1999)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 January 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav HAVEL reelected president; Vaclav HAVEL received 47 of 81 votes in the Senate and 99 out of 200 votes in the Chamber of Deputies (second round of voting)
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)
head of government: Prime Minister Milos ZEMAN (since 17 July 1998);since 17 July 1998), Egon LANSKY (since 17 July 1998),1998) 1998), Jan KAZAN (since 8 December 1999)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
election results: Vaclav HAVEL reelected president; Vaclav HAVEL
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Milos ZEMAN (since 17 July 1998);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Vladimir SPIDLA (since 22 July 1998), Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 22 July 1998), Jan KAVAN (since 8 December 1999) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 January 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003);
- prime minister appointed by the president election results: Vaclav HAVEL reelected president;
- Vaclav HAVEL received 47 of 81 votes in the Senate and 99 out of 200 votes in the Chamber of Deputies (second round of voting)
chief of state: President Vaclav HAVEL (since 2 February 1993)17 22 July 1998), Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 17 July 1998), Pavel MERTLIK (since 17 22 July 1998), Jan KAZAN KAVAN (since 8 December 1999)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor after two inconclusive elections in January 2003 and three rounds of balloting on 28 February 2003
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA (since 12 July 2002),
- Deputy Prime Ministers Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 22 July 1998),
- Cyril SVOBODA (since July 2002),
- Stanislav GROSS (since July 2002),
- Petr MARES (since July 2002)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive);
- prime minister appointed by the president
Rewritten: too little of the 2001 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor after two inconclusive elections in January 2003 and three rounds of balloting on 28 February 2003
head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA (since 12 July 2002), Deputy Prime Ministers Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 22 July 1998), Cyril SVOBODA (since July 2002), Stanislav GROSS (since July 2002), Petr MARES (since July 2002)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive); prime minister appointed by the president
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA (since 12 July 2002),
- Deputy Prime Ministers Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 20 August 2003),
- Cyril SVOBODA (since July 2002),
- Stanislav GROSS (since July 2002),
- Petr MARES (since July 2002)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive);
- prime minister appointed by the president
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003 and three rounds of balloting on 28 February 2003
head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA (since 12 July 2002), Deputy Prime Ministers Pavel RYCHETSKY Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 22 July 1998), 20 August 2003), Cyril SVOBODA (since July 2002), Stanislav GROSS (since July 2002), Petr MARES (since July 2002)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive); prime minister appointed by the president
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Stanislav GROSS (since 26 July 2004),
- Deputy Prime Ministers Zdenek SKROMACH (since 4 August 2004),
- Martin JAHN (since 4 August 2004),
- Pavel NEMEC (since 4 August 2004);
- Milan SIMONOVSKY (since 4 August 2004)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held NA January 2008);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA Stanislav GROSS (since 12 26 July 2002), 2004), Deputy Prime Ministers Bohuslav SOBOTKA Zdenek SKROMACH (since 20 4 August 2003), Cyril SVOBODA 2004), Martin JAHN (since July 2002), Stanislav GROSS 4 August 2004), Pavel NEMEC (since July 2002), Petr MARES 4 August 2004); Milan SIMONOVSKY (since July 2002) 4 August 2004)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime ministerelection results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive); inconclusive; next election to be held NA January 2008); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jiri PAROUBEK (since 25 April 2005),
- Deputy Prime Ministers Zdenek SKROMACH (since 4 August 2004),
- Martin JAHN (since 4 August 2004),
- Pavel NEMEC (since 4 August 2004),
- Milan SIMONOVSKY (since 4 August 2004)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term;
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held January 2008);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
head of government: Prime Minister Stanislav GROSS Jiri PAROUBEK (since 26 July 2004), 25 April 2005), Deputy Prime Ministers Zdenek SKROMACH (since 4 August 2004), Martin JAHN (since 4 August 2004), Pavel NEMEC (since 4 August 2004); 2004), Milan SIMONOVSKY (since 4 August 2004)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held NA January 2008); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 4 September 2006), Deputy Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 4 September 2006)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held January 2008);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003
head of government: Prime Minister Jiri PAROUBEK Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 25 April 2005), 4 September 2006), Deputy Prime Ministers Zdenek SKROMACH (since 4 August 2004), Martin JAHN (since 4 August 2004), Pavel NEMEC (since 4 August 2004), Milan SIMONOVSKY Minister Petr NECAS (since 4 August 2004) September 2006)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held January 2008); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 9 January 2007);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Jiri CUNEK (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Alexandr VONDRA (since 9 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held in January 2008);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor on 28 February 2003 after two inconclusive elections in January 2003head of government: Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 4 September 2006), 9 January 2007); Deputy Prime Minister Ministers Petr NECAS (since 4 September 2006) 9 January 2007), Jiri CUNEK (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Alexandr VONDRA (since 9 January 2007)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive; next election to be held in January 2008); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 9 January 2007);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Alexandr VONDRA (since 9 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in February 2013);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008;
- Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
head of government: Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 9 January 2007); Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Jiri CUNEK (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Alexandr VONDRA (since 9 January 2007)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held 28 15 February 2003 2008 (after earlier elections held 15 8 and 24 January 2003 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in January 2008); February 2013); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected reelected president on 28 15 February 2003; 2008; Vaclav KLAUS 142 141 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jan FISCHER (since 9 April 2009);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Vlasta PARKANOVA (since 23 January 2008)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in 2013);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008;
- Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state:
President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
head of government:
Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK Jan FISCHER (since 9 January 2007); April 2009); Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK (since 9 January 2007), and Alexandr VONDRA Vlasta PARKANOVA (since 9 23 January 2007) 2008)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections:
president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in February 2013); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:
Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008; Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Radek JOHN (since 13 July 2010)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held on 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in 2013);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008;
- Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state:
President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jan FISCHER (since 9 April 2009); Deputy Prime Ministers Petr NECAS (since 9 January 2007), Martin BURSIK 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 9 January 2007), and Vlasta PARKANOVA 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Radek JOHN (since 23 January 2008) 13 July 2010)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held on 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in 2013); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:
Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008; Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 July 2011)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- last successful election held on 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in 2013);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008;
- Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
chief of state:
President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
head of government:
Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Radek JOHN Karolina PEAKE (since 13 1 July 2010) 2011)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last successful election held on 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election to be held in 2013); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:
Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008; Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003); note - President-elect Milos ZEMAN is to be sworn in 8 March 2013
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 July 2011)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament;
- president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
chief of state:
President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003) 2003); note - President-elect Milos ZEMAN is to be sworn in 8 March 2013
head of government:
Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 July 2011)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament; president elected by Parliament for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); (may not serve more than two consecutive terms); elections last successful election held on 15 February 2008 (after earlier elections held 8 and 9 February 2008 were inconclusive; next election 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in 2013); January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:Vaclav KLAUS reelected president on 15 February 2008; Vaclav KLAUS 141 votes, Jan SVEJNAR 111 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of parliament) popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jiri RUSNOK (since 10 July 2013);
- Deputy Prime Ministers Jan FISCHER and Martin PECINA (both since 10 July 2013);
- note - Jiri RUSNOK appointed head of a caretaker government following the resignation of Petr NECAS
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament;
- president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
chief of state:
President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003); note - President-elect Milos ZEMAN is to be sworn in (since 8 March 2013 2013)
head of government:
Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG Jiri RUSNOK (since 13 10 July 2010), 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 Ministers Jan FISCHER and Martin PECINA (both since 10 July 2011) 2013); note - Jiri RUSNOK appointed head of a caretaker government following the resignation of Petr NECAS
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament; president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:
Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Andrej BABIS and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since 29 January 2014)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament;
- president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
chief of state:
President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jiri RUSNOK Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 10 July 2013); 17 January 2014); First Deputy Prime Ministers Jan FISCHER Minister Andrej BABIS and Martin PECINA Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since 10 July 2013); note - Jiri RUSNOK appointed head of a caretaker government following the resignation of Petr NECAS 29 January 2014)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament; president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president
election results:
Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%
Entry published as “Czech Republic”.
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Andrej BABIS and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since 29 January 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 5-year term
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote
elections:
constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential electioninstead of by Parliament; president elected in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year 5-year term (may not serve more than two (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president for a 5-year term
election results:
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Andrej BABIS and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since 29 January 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014); First Deputy Prime Minister Andrej BABIS and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since 29 January 2014)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president for a 5-year 4-year term
election results: Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Richard BRABEC (since 24 May 2017) and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (since 29 January 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA (since 17 January 2014); First Deputy Prime Minister Andrej BABIS Richard BRABEC (since 24 May 2017) and Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK (both since (since 29 January 2014)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results: Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 13 December 2017);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Jan HAMACEK (since 27 June 2018), Deputy Prime Minister Richard BRABEC (since 13 December 2017);
- note - the current government of Prime Minister Andrej BABIS was sworn in on 13 December 2017 but lost a confidence vote on 16 January 2018 and resigned the next day;
- President Milos ZEMAN accepted the resignation on 24 January 2018;
- the government is currently ruling in resignation
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Bohuslav SOBOTKA Andrej BABIS (since 17 January 2014); 13 December 2017); First Deputy Prime Minister Richard BRABEC Jan HAMACEK (since 24 May 2017) and 27 June 2018), Deputy Prime Minister Pavel BELOBRADEK Richard BRABEC (since 29 13 December 2017); note - the current government of Prime Minister Andrej BABIS was sworn in on 13 December 2017 but lost a confidence vote on 16 January 2014) 2018 and resigned the next day; President Milos ZEMAN accepted the resignation on 24 January 2018; the government is currently ruling in resignation
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 12-13 January 2013 2018 with a runoff on 25-26 26-27 January 2013 2018 (next to be held in January 2018); 2023); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results: Milos ZEMAN elected president; reelected president in the second round; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2% 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
The same text in 2019 and 2020.
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 13 December 2017);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Jan HAMACEK (since 27 June 2018), Deputy Prime Minister Alena SCHILLEROVA (since 30 April 2019)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 13 December 2017); First Deputy Prime Minister Jan HAMACEK (since 27 June 2018), Deputy Prime Minister Richard BRABEC Alena SCHILLEROVA (since 13 December 2017); note - the current government of Prime Minister Andrej BABIS was sworn in on 13 December 2017 but lost a confidence vote on 16 January 2018 and resigned the next day; President Milos ZEMAN accepted the resignation on 24 January 2018; the government is currently ruling in resignation 30 April 2019)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
The same text in 2021 and 2022.
- chief of state:
- President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Vit RAKUSAN (since 17 December 2021), Deputy Prime Ministers Marian JURECKA, Ivan BARTOS, Vlastimil VALEK (all since 17 December 2021)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
2013: Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Andrej BABIS Petr FIALA (since 13 17 December 2017); 2021); First Deputy Prime Minister Jan HAMACEK Vit RAKUSAN (since 27 June 2018), 17 December 2021), Deputy Prime Minister Alena SCHILLEROVA (since 30 April 2019) Ministers Marian JURECKA, Ivan BARTOS, Vlastimil VALEK (all since 17 December 2021)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results:
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
2013: Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
- chief of state:
- President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021);
- First Deputy Prime Minister Vit RAKUSAN (since 17 December 2021), Deputy Prime Ministers Marian JURECKA, Ivan BARTOS, Vlastimil VALEK (all since 17 December 2021)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 27-28 January 2023 the second round and 13-14 January 2023 for the 1st round;
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- 2023;
- 2nd Round Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%;
- 1st Round Petr PAVEL 35.4%, Andrej BABIS 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER 6.8%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN Petr PAVEL (since 8 9 March 2013) 2023)
head of government: Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021); First Deputy Prime Minister Vit RAKUSAN (since 17 December 2021), Deputy Prime Ministers Marian JURECKA, Ivan BARTOS, Vlastimil VALEK (all since 17 December 2021)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 27-28 January 2018 (next to be held in 2023 the second round and 13-14 January 2023); 2023 for the 1st round; prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results:
2023; 2nd Round Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%; 1st Round Petr PAVEL 35.4%, Andrej BABIS 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER 6.8%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
2013: Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG (TOP 09) 45.2%
- chief of state:
- President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- elections last held on 13 to 14 January 2023 with a second round held from 27 to 28 January 2023;
- next election to be by January 2028;
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- election results:
- 2023: Petr PAVEL elected in the second round;
- percent of vote in the first round - Petr PAVEL (independent) 35.4%, Andrej BABIS (ANO) 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA (Mayors and Independents) 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER (independent) 6.8%;
- percent of vote in the second round - Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
chief of state: President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)
head of government: Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021); First Deputy Prime Minister Vit RAKUSAN (since 17 December 2021), Deputy Prime Ministers Marian JURECKA, Ivan BARTOS, Vlastimil VALEK (all since 17 December 2021)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 27-28 13 to 14 January 2023 the with a second round and 13-14 held from 27 to 28 January 2023 for the 1st round; 2023; next election to be by January 2028; prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results:2023; 2nd Round 2023: Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%; 1st Round elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Petr PAVEL (independent) 35.4%, Andrej BABIS (ANO) 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA (Mayors and Independents) 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER 6.8% (independent) 6.8%; percent of vote in the second round - Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
- chief of state:
- President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 9 December 2025)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
- election/appointment process:
- president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms);
- prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
- most recent election date:
- 13-14 January 2023, with a second round on 27-28 January 2023
- election results:
- 2023: Petr PAVEL elected in the second round;
- percent of vote in the first round - Petr PAVEL (independent) 35.4%, Andrej BABIS (ANO) 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA (Mayors and Independents) 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER (independent) 6.8%;
- percent of vote in the second round - Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
- expected date of next election:
- by January 2028
chief of state: President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)
head of government: Prime Minister Petr FIALA Andrej BABIS (since 17 9 December 2021) 2025)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime ministerelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president directly elected by absolute majority absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds rounds, if needed needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 13 to 14 January 2023 with a second round held from 27 to 28 January 2023; next election to be by January 2028; prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
most recent election date: 13-14 January 2023, with a second round on 27-28 January 2023
election results:
2023: Petr PAVEL elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Petr PAVEL (independent) 35.4%, Andrej BABIS (ANO) 35 % , Danuse NERUDOVA (Mayors and Independents) 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER (independent) 6.8%; percent of vote in the second round - Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%
2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
expected date of next election: by January 2028
No edition has those words. Try a shorter word.
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Czechia: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1993–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/czechia/executive-branch.