The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1993 to 2025 Africa
Executive branch Eritrea, in 32 editions.
The entry for Eritrea published Executive branch in 32 editions of 33, from 1993 to 2025. The text changed in 21 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 21
- the first edition with it
- 1993
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Elections” (1993), “Executive branch” (1993 to 2025) and “Leaders” (1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024Published as “Elections”
multinational election before 20 May 1997
Published as “Executive branch”
president, Eritrean National Council
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President ISSAIAS Aferworke
multinational election before 20 May 1997
president, Eritrean National Council
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President ISSAIAS Aferworke
The entry for Eritrea did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state and head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworke (since 22 May 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council; the collective executive authority
note: election to be held before 20 May 1997
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state and head of government: President ISAIAS Afworke (since
22 May 1993)
cabinet: State Council; the collective executive authority
note: election to be held before 20 May 1997
- chief of state and head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 22 May 1993) is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority
note: election to be held in 1997
chief of state and head of government: President ISAIAS Afworke (since Afworki
(since 22 May 1993) is head of the State Council and National
Assembly
cabinet: State Council; Council is the collective executive authority
note: election to be held before 20 May in 1997
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1997)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
Rewritten: too little of the 1996 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note -
the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note
- the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last
held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1997)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of
National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - note-thethe president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note- the note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last
held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1997) NA)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of
National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote--ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note-the
note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);note-the note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National
Assembly
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last
held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of
National Assembly vote - ISAIAS vote--ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next to be held NA)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
note--the
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
note--the
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the president is head of the State Council and National
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent ofvote--ISAIAS vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority elections: president elected by the National Assembly;
- election last held 8 June 1993 (next tentatively scheduled for December 2001) election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president;
- percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority
note: the presidentto be held NA)tentatively scheduled for December 2001) election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President Afworki ISAIAS (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President Afworki ISAIAS (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly;
- election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki ISAIAS (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki ISAIAS (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority authority; members appointed by the president
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next tentatively scheduled for election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001) 2001 as anticipated)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
The same text in 3 editions, 2003 to 2005.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly;
- election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President Afworki ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President Afworki ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
elections: president elected by the National Assembly; Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%
The same text in 2007 and 2008.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the most recent and only election held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly 1993)
cabinet: State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election last held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95% 95%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the most recent and only election held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
chief of state:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet:
State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election held 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results:
ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
State Council the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the most recent and only election held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
chief of state:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet:
State Council is the collective executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results:
ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
The same text in 2011 and 2012.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
State Council the collective is executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the most recent and only election was held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
chief of state:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet:
State Council the collective is executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election was held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results:
ISAIAS Afworki elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
State Council the collective exercises executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the most recent and only election was held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
chief of state:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government:
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet:
State Council the collective is exercises executive authority; members appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election was held on 8 June 1993 (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated)
election results:
ISAIAS Afworki elected president; president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki 95%, other 5%
The same text in 4 editions, 2015 to 2018.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the only election was held on 8 June 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afworki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
chief of state:the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government:
cabinet:the collective exercises executive authority; members appointed by the president(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a
elections:five-year 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the most recent and only election was held on 8 June 1993 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election date uncertain as the National Assembly did not hold a presidential election in December 2001 as anticipated) postponed indefinitely)
election results:
The same text in 3 editions, 2019 to 2021.
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the only election was held on 8 June 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afworki Afwerki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afworki Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the only election was held on 8 June 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
election results: ISAIAS Afworki Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afworki Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the only election was held on 8 June 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
- election results:
- 1993 : ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the only election was held on 8 June 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
election results: 1993 : ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution;
- the only election held was on 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next postponed indefinitely)
- election results:
- ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 24 May 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
head of government: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); term), according to the constitution; the only election was held was on 8 June 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next election postponed indefinitely)
election results: 1993 : ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993)
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution;
- the only election held was on 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next postponed indefinitely)
- election results:
- 1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly 1993)
head of government: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution; the only election held was on 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next postponed indefinitely)
election results:
1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
- chief of state:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993)
- head of government:
- President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
- cabinet:
- State Council appointed by the president
- election/appointment process:
- president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution
- most recent election date:
- 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia
- election results:
- 1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%
- expected date of next election:
- postponed indefinitely
note 1: Eritrea’s authoritarian regime is controlled entirely by the president, who heads the sole political party, which has ruled the country since 1991; national elections have not taken place since 1991 and the constitution has not been implemented.
note 2: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
chief of state: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 24 May 1993)
head of government: President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution; the only constitution
most recent election held was on date: 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next postponed indefinitely)
election results:
1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%note: expected date of next election: postponed indefinitely
note 1: Eritrea’s authoritarian regime is controlled entirely by the president, who heads the sole political party, which has ruled the country since 1991; national elections have not taken place since 1991 and the constitution has not been implemented.
note 2: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Eritrea: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1993–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/eritrea/executive-branch.