The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Africa
Executive branch Ethiopia, in 35 editions.
The entry for Ethiopia published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 31 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 31
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- president,
- vice president,
- Council of State prime minister,
- five deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers
president, vice president, Council of State prime minister, five deputy prime ministers, Council of Ministers
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Council of Ministers
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- Interim President Meles ZENAWI (since 1 June 1991); transitional government
- Head of Government:
- Acting Prime Minister Tamirat LAYNE (since 6 June 1991)
Published as “Elections”
- Council of Representatives:
- last held 14 June 1987 (next to be held after new constitution drafted)
- President:
- last held 10 September 1987;
- next election planned after new constitution drafted;
- results - MENGISTU Haile-Mariam elected by the now defunct National Assembly, but resigned and left Ethiopia on 21 May 1991
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
president, prime minister, Council of Ministers
Chief of State:
Interim President Meles ZENAWI (since 1 June 1991); transitional government
Head of Government:
Acting Prime Minister Tamirat LAYNE (since 6 June 1991)
Council of Representatives:
last held 14 June 1987 (next to be held after new constitution drafted)
President:
last held 10 September 1987; next election planned after new constitution
drafted; results - MENGISTU Haile-Mariam elected by the now defunct National
Assembly, but resigned and left Ethiopia on 21 May 1991
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held 10 September 1987;
- next election planned after new constitution drafted;
- results - MENGISTU Haile-Mariam elected by the now defunct National Assembly, but resigned and left Ethiopia on 21 May 1991
- Constituent Assembly:
- now planned for January 1994 (to ratify constitution to be drafted by end of 1993)
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Council of Ministers
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President MELES Zenawi (since 1 June 1991)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne (since 6 June 1991)
president, prime minister, Council of MinistersPresident:
Chief of State:
Interim President Meles ZENAWI (since 1 June 1991); transitional government
Head of Government:
Acting Prime Minister Tamirat LAYNE (since 6 June 1991)
Council of Representatives:
last held 14 June 1987 (next to be held after new constitution drafted)
last held 10 September 1987; next election planned after new constitution
drafted; results - MENGISTU Haile-Mariam elected by the now defunct National
Assembly, but resigned and left Ethiopia on 21 May 1991
Constituent Assembly:
now planned for January 1994 (to ratify constitution to be drafted by end of
1993)
president, prime minister, Council of Ministers
Chief of State:
President MELES Zenawi (since 1 June 1991)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne (since 6 June 1991)
The entry for Ethiopia did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state:
- President MELES Zenawi (since 1 June 1991);
- appointed by the Council of Representatives following the military defeat of the MENGISTU government;
- following the elections to the National Assembly scheduled for May 1995 the lower house of the National Assembly will nominate a new president
- head of government:
- Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne (since 6 June 1991);
- a new prime minister will be designated by the party in power following the elections to the General Assembly in May 1995
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers;
- presently designated by the chairman of the Council of Representatives;
- under the new constitution and following the elections in May 1995 the cabinet officers will be selected by the prime minister
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President MELES Zenawi (since 1 June 1991); appointed
by the Council of Representatives following the military defeat of the
MENGISTU government; following the elections to the National Assembly
scheduled for May 1995 the lower house of the National Assembly will
nominate a new president
head of government: Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne (since 6 June 1991);
a new prime minister will be designated by the party in power
following the elections to the General Assembly in May 1995
cabinet: Council of Ministers; presently designated by the chairman of
the Council of Representatives; under the new constitution and
following the elections in May 1995 the cabinet officers will be
selected by the prime minister
- chief of state:
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since NA August 1995) elected by the Council of People's Representatives following the elections of legislators in May and June 1995
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995) designated by the party in power, EPRDF, following the elections of legislators in May and June 1995
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the Council of People's Representatives
chief of state: President MELES Zenawi NEGASSO Gidada (since 1 June 1991); appointed NA August 1995)
elected by the Council of People's Representatives following the military defeat of theMENGISTU government; following the elections to the National Assembly of legislators in May and June 1995
scheduled forthe lower house of the National Assembly willnominate a new presidenthead of government: Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne MELES Zenawi (since 6 June 1991); NA Augusta new prime minister will be 1995) designated by the party in powerpower, EPRDF, following the
elections to the General Assembly of legislators in May and June 1995
cabinet: Council of Ministers; presently designated by the chairman of Ministers as provided in
the Council of Representatives; under the new constitution and
following the electionsMay 1995 the cabinet officers will be December 1994
constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and
approved by the Council of People's Representatives
- chief of state :
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the Council of People's Representatives
- elections :
- president elected by the Council of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held June 1995 (next to be held NA 2001);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by the Council of People's Representatives - NA
chief of state: state : President NEGASSO Gidada (since NA 22 August 1995)elected by the Council of People's Representatives following thehead of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August
elections of legislators in May and June 1995designated by the party in power, EPRDF, following theelections of legislators in May and June 1995cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994
constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and
approved by the Council of People's Representatives
elections : president elected by the Council of People's
Representatives for a six-year term; election last held June 1995
(next to be held NA 2001); prime minister designated by the party in
power following legislative elections
election results: NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by
the Council of People's Representatives - NA
- chief of state:
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the Council of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the Council of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held June 1995 (next to be held NA 2001);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by the Council of People's Representatives-NA
chief of state : state: President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994
constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and
approved by the Council of People's Representativeselections : elections: president elected by the Council of People's
Representatives for a six-year term; election last held June 1995
(next to be held NA 2001); prime minister designated by the party in
power following legislative elections
election results: NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by
the Council of People's Representatives - NA Representatives-NA
- chief of state:
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held June 1995 (next to be held NA 2001);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives--NA
chief of state: President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided in the December 1994
constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and
approved by the Council House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the Council House of People's
Representatives for a six-year term; election last held June 1995
(next to be held NA 2001); prime minister designated by the party in
power following legislative elections
election results: NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by
by the Council House of People's Representatives-NA Representatives--NA
- chief of state:
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held NA June 1995 (next to be held NA May 2001);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - NA
chief of state: President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994
elections: president elected by the House of People's
election results: NEGASSO Gidada elected president; percent of voteRepresentatives--NA Representatives - NA
- chief of state:
- President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995) head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995) cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held NA June 1995 (next to be held NA May 2001);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections election results: NEGASSO Gidada elected president;
- percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - NA%
chief of state: President NEGASSO Gidada (since 22 August 1995)NA NA%
The same text in 3 editions, 2002 to 2004.
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held NA October 2007);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
chief of state: President NEGASSO Gidada GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 22 August 1995) 8 October 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term; election last held NA June 1995 8 October 2001 (next to be held NA May 2001); October 2007); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results: NEGASSO Gidada GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - NA% 100%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term;
- election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held October 2007);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
chief of state: President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term; election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held NA October 2007); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results: GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held October 2007);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
chief of state: President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term; term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held October 2007); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results: GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 15 May 2005 (next to be held in October 2010);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
chief of state: President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 October 2001 15 May 2005 (next to be held in October 2007); 2010); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results: GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
chief of state: President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 15 May 2005 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2010); 2013); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results: GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100% 79%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
chief of state:
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government:
Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections:
president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:
GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution;
- ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
chief of state:
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government:
Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:
GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
chief of state:
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government:
Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since August 1995)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by the House both chambers of People's Representatives Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:
GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
- chief of state:
- President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012);
- note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
chief of state:
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)
head of government:
Prime Minister MELES Zenawi HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since August 1995) 21 September 2012); note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
cabinet:
Council of Ministers ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2013); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:
GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 79%
- chief of state:
- President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012);
- note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- MULATU Teshome Wirtu elected president by acclamation
chief of state:
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 8 7 October 2001) 2013)
head of government:
Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
cabinet:
Council of Ministers ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 7 October 2007 2013 (next to be held in October 2013); 2019); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:GIRMA Woldegiorgis MULATU Teshome Wirtu elected president; percent of vote president by the House of People's Representatives - 79% acclamation
- chief of state:
- President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012);
- Deputy Prime Ministers ASTER Mamo, DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael, DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen;
- note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers - ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
- election results:
- MULATU Teshome Wirtu elected president by acclamation
chief of state:
President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
head of government:
Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers ASTER Mamo, DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael, DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen; note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
cabinet:
Council of Ministers - ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by both chambers of Parliament for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections
election results:
MULATU Teshome Wirtu elected president by acclamation
- chief of state:
- President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012);
- Deputy Prime Ministers ASTER Mamo, DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael, DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen;
- note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) elected president by acclamation
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:- ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a
elections:six-year 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the majority party in power following legislative elections
election results:
- chief of state:
- President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen and DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) elected president by acclamation
chief of state: President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers ASTER Mamo, DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael, DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen; note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES Hassen and DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) elected president by acclamation
- chief of state:
- President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
chief of state: President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen and DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) elected president by acclamation president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed (since 2 April 2018);
- Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012);
- note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa
chief of state: President MULATU Teshome Wirtu SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 7 25 October 2013) 2018)
head of government: Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn ABIY Ahmed (since 21 September 2012); 2 April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012); note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: MULATU Teshome Wirtu (OPDO) SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed (since 2 April 2018);
- Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012);
- note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018 and continued as caretaker until the new prime minister was sworn into office on 2 April 2018
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed (since 2 April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012); note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018 and continued as caretaker until the new prime minister was sworn into office on 2 April 2018
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2013 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed (since 2 April 2018);
- Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012);
- note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018 and continued as caretaker until the new prime minister was sworn into office on 2 April 2018
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome (next election postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed (since 2 April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012); note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018 and continued as caretaker until the new prime minister was sworn into office on 2 April 2018
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); snap election last held on 7 25 October 2013 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome (next election postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to be held in October 2019); the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament vote - 659 (unanimous)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018) (2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018, began a new five year term on 4 October 2021);
- Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012) (2021)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- ABIY Ahmed confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018) (2018)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since 2 April 2018); 2018, began a new five year term on 4 October 2021); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012); note - Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012) resigned on 15 February 2018 and continued as caretaker until the new prime minister was sworn into office on 2 April 2018 (2021)
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome (next 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president; Parliament president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous) (unanimous); ABIY Ahmed confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- 2021 : SAHLE-WORK elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
- 2018 : SAHLE-WORK elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa.
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018) (2018)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018, began a new five year term on 4 October 2021); 2018); Deputy Prime Minister DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012) (2021)
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results: 2021 : SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY Ahmed confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
2018 : SAHLE-WORK elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term.
- chief of state:
- President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- 2021 : SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
- 2018 : SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa.
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012)
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results:
2021 : SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
2018 : SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa.
- chief of state:
- President TAYE Atske Selassie (since 7 October 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- elections/appointments:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- election results:
- 2021: SAHLE-WORK Zewde reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
- 2018: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia
chief of state: President SAHLE-WORK Zewde TAYE Atske Selassie (since 25 7 October 2018) 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018); Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen (since 29 November 2012) 2018)
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
election results:2021 : 2021: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)2018 : 2018: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Ethiopia
- chief of state:
- President TAYE Atske Selassie (since 7 October 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives
- election/appointment process:
- president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
- most recent election date:
- 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic)
- election results:
- 2021: SAHLE-WORK Zewde reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous);
- ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
chief of state: President TAYE Atske Selassie (since 7 October 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister ABIY Ahmed Ali (since April 2018)
cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representativeselections/appointments: election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections
most recent election held on date: 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled (scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections pandemic)
election results:
2021: SAHLE-WORK Zewde reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)
2018: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); note - snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome
note: SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Ethiopia: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/ethiopia/executive-branch.