The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 2004 to 2025 Europe
Capital European Union, in 22 editions.
The entry for European Union published Capital in 22 editions of 22, from 2004 to 2025. The text changed in 14 editions. Each is shown as published. Capital in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 14
- the first edition with it
- 2004
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Capital” (2004 to 2025).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024Brussels, Belgium
Brussels, Belgium
Brussels, Belgium
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, the European Parliament meets in Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
Rewritten: too little of the 2004 text remains to mark the changes.
Brussels, Belgium
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, the European Parliament meets in Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium)
- geographic coordinates:
- 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, the European Parliament meets in Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
Brussels, Belgium name: Brussels (Belgium)
geographic coordinates: 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, the European Parliament meets in Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
The same text in 2007 and 2008.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium),
- Strasbourg (France),
- Luxembourg
- geographic coordinates:
- 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium, the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
name: Brussels (Belgium) (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg
geographic coordinates: 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium, the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
The same text in 2009 and 2010.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium),
- Strasbourg (France),
- Luxembourg
- geographic coordinates:
- 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France; the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
name:
Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg
geographic coordinates:
50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note:
the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and France; the Court of Justice of the European Communities meets in Luxembourg
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium),
- Strasbourg (France),
- Luxembourg
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France; the Court of Justice of the European Union meets in Luxembourg
name:
Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg
geographic coordinates:
(Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note:
the Council of the European Union meets in Brussels, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France; the Court of Justice of the European Communities Union meets in Luxembourg
The same text in 2012 and 2013.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium),
- Strasbourg (France),
- Luxembourg
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the European Council and the Council of the European Union meet in Brussels, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union meets in Luxembourg
name:
Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg
geographic coordinates:
(Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note:
the European Council and the Council of the European Union meets meet in Brussels, Belgium; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France; France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union meets in Luxembourg
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg note - the European Council and the Council of the European Union meet in Brussels, Belgium;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union meets in Luxembourg
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
name:
Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg
geographic coordinates:
(Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note:
geographic coordinates:
(Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
The same text in 2015 and 2016.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg;
- note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
name:Luxembourg Luxembourg; note - the European Council Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium; Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union meets is located in Luxembourg Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates:
time difference:
daylight saving time:
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany);
- note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg; Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
The same text in 2018 and 2019.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany);
- note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the 28 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU countries
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the 28 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU countries
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany);
- note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the 27 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU countries
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
note: the 28 27 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU countries
The same text in 2021 and 2022.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany);
- note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of 10 formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
- time zone note:
- the 27 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU member states
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body of ten 10 formations, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: the 27 European Union countries spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU countries member states
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany);
- note - the European Council, a gathering of member-state heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a gathering of member-state cabinet ministers, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council of the EU meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October;
- the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg;
- the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg;
- and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
- time zone note:
- the 27 European Union member states spread across three time zones;
- a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU member states
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - the European Council, a gathering of the EU member-state heads of state and/or government, and the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body gathering of 10 formations, member-state cabinet ministers, meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council of the EU meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: the 27 European Union countries member states spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU member states
- name:
- Brussels (Belgium),
- Strasbourg (France),
- Luxembourg,
- Frankfurt (Germany)
- geographic coordinates:
- (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
- time difference:
- UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- daylight saving time:
- +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
- time zone note:
- the 27 European Union member states are spread across three time zones
note: the European Council and the Council of the European Union meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council of the EU meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
name: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France), Luxembourg, Frankfurt (Germany); note - (Germany)
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: the 27 European Council, a gathering of member-state heads of state and/or government, Union member states are spread across three time zones
note: the European Council and the Council of the European Union, a gathering of member-state cabinet ministers, Union meet in Brussels, Belgium, except for Council of the EU meetings held in Luxembourg in April, June, and October; the European Parliament meets in Brussels and Strasbourg, France, and has administrative offices in Luxembourg; the Court of Justice of the European Union is located in Luxembourg; and the European Central Bank is located in Frankfurt, Germany
geographic coordinates: (Brussels) 50 50 N, 4 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: the 27 European Union member states spread across three time zones; a proposal has been put forward to do away with daylight savings time in all EU member states
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “European Union: Capital.” The World Factbook, 2004–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/european-union/capital.