The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Africa
Executive branch Ghana, in 35 editions.
The entry for Ghana published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Elections” (1990 to 1993) and “Leaders” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Executive branch”
- chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC),
- PNDC,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
none
chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC), PNDC, Cabinet
none
Published as “Executive branch”
- chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC),
- PNDC,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- Chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council Flt. Lt. (Ret.) Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 31 December 1981)
Published as “Elections”
no national elections; district assembly elections held in 1988-89
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC), PNDC, Cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
Chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council Flt. Lt. (Ret.) Jerry
John RAWLINGS (since 31 December 1981)
no national elections; district assembly elections held in 1988-89
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA)
- National Assembly:
- last held 29 December 1992 (next to be held NA)
Published as “Executive branch”
president, cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992)
Rewritten: too little of the 1992 text remains to mark the changes.
President:
last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA)
National Assembly:
last held 29 December 1992 (next to be held NA)
president, cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992)
The entry for Ghana did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992) election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held November 1996);
- results - opposition boycotted the election, the National Democratic Congress won 198 of the total 200 seats and 2 seats were won by independents
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state and head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS
(since 3 November 1992) election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be
held November 1996); results - opposition boycotted the election, the
National Democratic Congress won 198 of the total 200 seats and 2
seats were won by independents
cabinet: Cabinet; president nominates members subject to approval by
the Parliament
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992);
- elected for a four-year term by direct universal suffrage;
- the president can appoint a vice president;
- election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA December 1996)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament
chief of state and head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS
(since 3 November 1992) 1992); elected for a four-year term by direct
universal suffrage; the president can appoint a vice president;
election last held 3 November 1992 (next to beNovember 1996); results - opposition boycotted the election, the NA December 1996)
National Democratic Congress won 198 of the total 200 seats and 2
seats were won by independents
cabinet: Cabinet; president nominates members subject to approval by
the Parliament
- chief of state:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet :
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held NA 2000)
- election results:
- Jerry John RAWLINGS elected president; percent of vote - Rawlings 58.8%
Rewritten: too little of the 1996 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992);
note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November
1992); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of
government
cabinet : Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to
approval by the Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected by popular vote for
four-year terms; election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held
NA 2000)
election results: Jerry John RAWLINGS elected president; percent of
vote - Rawlings 58.8%
- chief of state:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993); note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993); note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held NA 2000)
- election results:
- Jerry John RAWLINGS elected president; percent of vote-RAWLINGS 57%
chief of state: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 1992); 7 January 1993);note - the note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 3 November 7 January1992); note - the 1993); note-the president is both the chief of state and head of
governmentcabinet : cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to
approval by the Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected by popular vote for
four-year terms; election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held
NA 2000)
election results: Jerry John RAWLINGS elected president; percent ofvote - Rawlings 58.8% vote-RAWLINGS 57%
- chief of state:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993);
- Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);
- note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993);
- Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);
- note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held NA 2000)
- election results:
- Jerry John RAWLINGS reelected president; percent of vote--RAWLINGS 57%
chief of state: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January
1993); Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);note-the note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January
1993); note-the Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);
note--the president is both the chief of state and head of
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to
to approval by the Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket
by popular vote for
1996 (next to be held
election results: Jerry John RAWLINGS elected reelected president; percent ofvote-RAWLINGS of vote--RAWLINGS 57%
- chief of state:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993);
- Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January 1993);
- Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 1993);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms;
- election last held 7 December 1996 (next to be held NA December 2000)
- election results:
- Jerry John RAWLINGS reelected president; percent of vote - RAWLINGS 57.2%, John KUFUOR 39.8%
chief of state: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January
note--the
head of government: President Jerry John RAWLINGS (since 7 January
note--the
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subjectthe Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket
election results: Jerry John RAWLINGS reelected president; percentvote--RAWLINGS 57% vote - RAWLINGS 57.2%, John KUFUOR 39.8%
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers;
- president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms;
- election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004) election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff;
- percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6%
chief of state: President Jerry John RAWLINGS Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 1993); 2001); Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 1993); 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of governmentJerry John RAWLINGS Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 1993); 2001); Vice President John Evans Atta MILLS Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 1993); 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government1996 2000 (next to be held NA December 2000)2004) election results: Jerry John RAWLINGS reelected president; Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff; percent of vote - RAWLINGS 57.2%, John KUFUOR 39.8% 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6%
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms;
- election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004)
- election results:
- John Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6%
chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004)
election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff; runoff election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6%
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held December 2008)
- election results:
- John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.7%
chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 2004 (next to be held NA December 2004) 2008)
election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR elected reelected president in runoff election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, 53.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6% 43.7%
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held December 2008)
- election results:
- John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.7%
chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held December 2008)
election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.7%
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held in December 2008)
- election results:
- John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John ATTA-MILLS 43.7%
chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government 2001)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held in December 2008)
election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, John Atta MILLS ATTA-MILLS 43.7%
- chief of state:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001);
- Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held 7 December 2008)
- election results:
- John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 52.4%, John ATTA-MILLS 44.6%
chief of state: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 December 2004 (next to be held in 7 December 2008)
election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected president in election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 53.4%, 52.4%, John ATTA-MILLS 43.7% 44.6%
- chief of state:
- President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009);
- Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 7 December 2008 with a second round held 28 December 2008 (next to be held 7 December 2012)
- election results:
- John Evans Atta MILLS elected president in run-off election; percent of vote - John Evans Atta MILLS 50.23%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 49.77%
chief of state:
President John Agyekum KUFUOR Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2001); 2009); Vice President Alhaji Aliu John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President John Agyekum KUFUOR Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2001); 2009); Vice President Alhaji Aliu John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001) 2009)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 December 2004 2008 with a second round held 28 December 2008 (next to be held 7 December 2008) 2012)
election results:
John Agyekum KUFUOR reelected Evans Atta MILLS elected president in run-off election; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 52.4%, John ATTA-MILLS 44.6% Evans Atta MILLS 50.23%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 49.77%
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
- chief of state:
- President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009);
- Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 and 28 December 2008 (next to be held on 7 December 2012)
- election results:
- John Evans Atta MILLS elected president in run-off election; percent of vote - John Evans Atta MILLS 50.23%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 49.77%
chief of state:
President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President John Evans Atta MILLS (since 7 January 2009); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2008 with a second round held and 28 December 2008 (next to be held on 7 December 2012)
election results:
John Evans Atta MILLS elected president in run-off election; percent of vote - John Evans Atta MILLS 50.23%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 49.77%
The same text in 2012 and 2013.
- chief of state:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election;
- the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2012 (next to be held in December 2016)
- election results:
- John Dramani MAHAMA elected president;
- percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA 50.7%,
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 47.7%,
- other 1.6%
chief of state:
President John Evans Atta MILLS Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009); 24 July 2012); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 7 January 2009); 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President John Evans Atta MILLS Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2009); 24 July 2012); Vice President John Dramani MAHAMA Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 7 January 2009) 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 and 28 December 2008 2012 (next to be held on 7 in December 2012) 2016)
election results:
John Evans Atta MILLS Dramani MAHAMA elected president in run-off election; president; percent of vote - John Evans Atta MILLS 50.23%, Dramani MAHAMA 50.7%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 49.77% 47.7%, other 1.6%
- chief of state:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election;
- the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2012, extended to 8 December because of technical difficulties (next to be held in December 2016)
- election results:
- John Dramani MAHAMA elected president;
- percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA 50.7%,
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 47.7%,
- other 1.6%
chief of state:
President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed office due to the death of former president John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2012 2012, extended to 8 December because of technical difficulties (next to be held in December 2016)
election results:
John Dramani MAHAMA elected president; percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA 50.7%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO 47.7%, other 1.6%
- chief of state:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election;
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 8 December 2012 (next to be held in December 2016)
- election results:
- John Dramani MAHAMA elected president;
- percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 50.7%,
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 47.7%,
- other 1.6%
chief of state:office due to the presidency after the death of former president President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:2012); 2012)
cabinet:president nominates members subject to approval nominated by the president, approved by Parliament(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same
elections:ticket ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for four-year terms a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2012, extended to 8 December because of technical difficulties 2012 (next to be held in December 2016)
election results:
- chief of state:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election;
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012);
- Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012);
- note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election;
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 8 December 2012 (next to be held on 7 December 2016)
- election results:
- John Dramani MAHAMA elected president;
- percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 50.7%,
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 47.7%,
- other 1.6%
chief of state: President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 24 July 2012); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR (since 6 August 2012) 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 December 2012 (next to be held in on 7 December 2016)
election results: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president; percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 50.7%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 47.7%, other 1.6%
- chief of state:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017);
- Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2016 (next to be held in December 2020)
- election results:
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO elected president;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 53.8%,
- John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 44.4%,
- other 1.8%
chief of state: President John Dramani MAHAMA Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 24 July 2012); 7 January 2017); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President John Dramani MAHAMA Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 24 July 2012); 7 January 2017); Vice President Kwesi Bekoe AMISSAH-ARTHUR Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 6 August 2012); note - President MAHAMA assumed the presidency after the death of President John Atta MILLS and subsequently won the December 2012 presidential election; the president is both chief of state and head of government 7 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 7 December 2012 2016 (next to be held on 7 in December 2016) 2020)
election results: John Dramani MAHAMA Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO elected president; percent of vote - John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 50.7%, Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 47.7%, 53.8%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 44.4%, other 1.6% 1.8%
The same text in 2018 and 2019.
- chief of state:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017);
- Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2016 (next to be held in December 2020)
- election results:
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO elected president in the first round;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 53.7%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 44.5%, other 1.8%
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2016 (next to be held in December 2020)
election results: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO elected president; president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 53.8%, 53.7%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 44.4%, 44.5%, other 1.8%
The same text in 2020 and 2021.
- chief of state:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017);
- Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2024)
- election results:
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3%
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2016 2020 (next to be held in December 2020) 2024)
election results: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO elected reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 53.7%, 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 44.5%, 47.4%, other 1.8% 1.3%
The same text in 2022 and 2023.
- chief of state:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017);
- Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2024)
- election results:
- Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2024)
election results: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
- chief of state:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017)
- head of government:
- President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 7 December 2024 (next to be held on 7 December 2028);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- election results:
2024: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president in the first round;
- 2020: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government 2017)
head of government: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2020 2024 (next to be held in on 7 December 2024) 2028); the president is both chief of state and head of government
election results: 2024: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president in the first round; percent of vote- John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 56.5%, Mahamudu BAWUMIA (NPC) 41%, other 2.5%
2020: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
- chief of state:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2025)
- head of government:
- President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2025)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament
- election/appointment process:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term);
- the president is both chief of state and head of government
- most recent election date:
- 7 December 2024
- election results:
2024: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president in the first round;
- 2020: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round;
- percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
- expected date of next election:
- 7 December 2028
chief of state: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2017) 2025)
head of government: President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2017) 2025)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliamentelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds rounds, if needed needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2024 (next to be held on 7 December 2028); the president is both chief of state and head of government
most recent election date: 7 December 2024
election results:
2024: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president in the first round; percent of vote- John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 56.5%, Mahamudu BAWUMIA (NPC) 41%, other 2.5%
2020: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)
expected date of next election: 7 December 2028
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Ghana: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/ghana/executive-branch.