The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Africa
Telecommunication systems Ghana, in 35 editions.
The entry for Ghana published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- poor to fair system of open-wire and cable, radio relay links;
- 38,000 telephones;
- stations--6 AM, no FM, 9 TV;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
poor to fair system of open-wire and cable, radio relay links; 38,000 telephones; stations--6 AM, no FM, 9 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- poor to fair system handled primarily by microwave links;
- 42,300 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators) TV;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
poor to fair system of open-wire and cable, radio relay handled primarily by microwave links; 38,000 42,300 telephones; stations--6
broadcast stations - 4 AM, no 1 FM, 9 4 (8 translators) TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean
INTELSAT earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- poor to fair system handled primarily by microwave radio relay links;
- 42,300 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators) TV;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
poor to fair system handled primarily by microwave radio relay links; 42,300 telephones;
telephones; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators) TV; 1
Atlantic Ocean
Published as “Telecommunications”
- poor to fair system handled primarily by microwave radio relay links;
- 42,300 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators) TV;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
poor to fair system handled primarily by microwave radio relay links; 42,300
42,300 telephones; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators)
TV; 1
Published as “Telephone system”
- 42,300 telephones;
- poor to fair system;
- telephone density - 2.4/1,000 persons
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- primarily microwave radio relay
- international:
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
42,300 telephones; poor to fair system handled system; telephone
density - 2.4/1,000 persons
local: NA
intercity: primarily by microwave radio relay links;42,300 telephones; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 4 (8 translators) international: 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
TV;
Published as “Telephone system”
poor to fair system
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
42,300 telephones; poor to fair system; telephone system
density - 2.4/1,000 persons
local: NAintercity: domestic: primarily microwave radio relay
international: 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
poor to fair system
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay
- international :
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
poor to fair system
domestic: primarily microwave radio relayinternational: international : satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
poor to fair system
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay
- international:
- satellite earth station-1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
poor to fair system
domestic: primarily microwave radio relayinternational : international: satellite earth station - 1 station-1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
poor to fair system
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay
- international:
- satellite earth station--1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
poor to fair system
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay
international: satellite earth station-1 station--1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- poor to fair system;
- Internet accessible;
- many rural communities not yet connected;
- expansion of services is underway
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
Rewritten: too little of the 1999 text remains to mark the changes.
poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- poor to fair system;
- Internet accessible;
- many rural communities not yet connected;
- expansion of services is underway domestic: primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
general assessment: poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- poor to fair system;
- Internet accessible;
- many rural communities not yet connected;
- expansion of services is underway
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
general assessment: poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
The same text in 3 editions, 2004 to 2006.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- poor to fair system;
- Internet accessible;
- many rural communities not yet connected;
- expansion of services is underway
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- country code - 233;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors;
- fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
general assessment: poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international: country code - 233; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors neighbors; fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- fixed-line infrastructure outdated and unreliable;
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with subscribership approaching 25 per 100 persons
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
general assessment: poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway fixed-line infrastructure outdated and unreliable; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with subscribership approaching 25 per 100 persons
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia neighbors
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra;
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with subscribership about 35 per 100 persons and rising
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2007)
general assessment: fixed-line infrastructure outdated and unreliable; unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with subscribership approaching 25 about 35 per 100 persons and rising
domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra;
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of 50 per 100 persons and rising
- domestic:
- primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2008)
general assessment:
outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership about 35 of 50 per 100 persons and rising
domestic:
primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
international:
country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2007) (2008)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
- domestic:
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 60 per 100 persons and rising
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2009)
general assessment:
primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra; Accra
domestic:
competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of 50 more than 60 per 100 persons and risingdomestic:international:
primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed
country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cable cables that provides provide connectivity to Europe South Africa, Europe, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2008) (2009)
The same text in 3 editions, 2012 to 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
- domestic:
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 80 per 100 persons and rising
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2009)
general assessment:
primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
domestic:
competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 60 80 per 100 persons and rising
international:
country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2009)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
- domestic:
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 80 per 100 persons and rising
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2009)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
- domestic:
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 130 per 100 persons and rising
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2015)
general assessment: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
domestic: competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 80 130 per 100 persons and rising
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2009) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
- domestic:
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 per 100 persons and rising
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2016)
general assessment: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated in Accra
domestic: competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 130 140 per 100 persons and rising
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2015) (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- 2019 to bring universal access licences;
- government invested in fibre infrastructure;
- one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2017)
- domestic:
- fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 per 100 persons and rising (2017)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2016)
general assessment: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; outdated and unreliable fixed-line infrastructure heavily concentrated 2019 to bring universal access licences; government invested in Accra fibre infrastructure; one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2017)
domestic: fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 per 100 persons and rising (2017)
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South Africa, Europe, and Asia; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- primarily microwave radio relay;
- wireless local loop has been installed;
- 2019 to bring universal access licenses;
- government invested in fiber infrastructure;
- one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2018)
- domestic:
- fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 per 100 persons and rising (2018)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2019)
general assessment: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; 2019 to bring universal access licences; licenses; government invested in fibre fiber infrastructure; one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2017) (2018)
domestic: fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 per 100 persons and rising (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 233; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, Main One, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, Europe, and Asia; Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors (2016) (2019)
- general assessment:
- highly competitive Internet market;
- govt. helped fund programs for telecom services nationally;
- mobile accounts for how people access the Internet;
- LTE service launched in 2019;
- the government invested in fiber infrastructure and set up 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services;
- m-money inter-operability launched;
- international submarine cables and new terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced price for end-users;
- one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 134 per 100 persons and rising (2019)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors;
- Ghana-1 satellite launched in 2020 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed; 2019 to bring universal highly competitive Internet market; govt. helped fund programs for telecom services nationally; mobile accounts for how people access licenses; the Internet; LTE service launched in 2019; the government invested in fiber infrastructure; infrastructure and set up 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services; m-money inter-operability launched; international submarine cables and new terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced price for end-users; one of the most active mobile markets in Africa (2018) (2020)
domestic: fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 140 134 per 100 persons and rising (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 233; landing point points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors neighbors; Ghana-1 satellite launched in 2020 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- challenged by unreliable electricity, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally;
- investment in fiber infrastructure enabled 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services;
- launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking;
- highly competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks;
- international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced prices (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line about 1 per 100 subscriptions;
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 130 per 100 persons (2020)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors;
- Ghana-1 satellite launched in 2020 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: highly competitive Internet market; govt. helped fund programs for challenged by unreliable electricity, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; mobile accounts for how people access the Internet; LTE service launched in 2019; the government invested investment in fiber infrastructure and set up enabled 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services; m-money inter-operability launched; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking; highly competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables cables, and new terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced price for end-users; one of the most active mobile markets in Africa prices (2020)
domestic: fixed-line about 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 134 130 per 100 persons and rising (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 233; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; Ghana-1 satellite launched in 2020 (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- challenged by unreliable electricity and shortage of skilled labor, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally;
- investment in fiber infrastructure and off-grid solutions provide data coverage to over 23 million people;
- launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking;
- moderately competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks;
- international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity;
- LTE services are widely available;
- the relatively high cost of 5G-compatible devices also inhibits most subscribers from migrating from 3G and LTE platforms (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line data less than 1 per 100 subscriptions;
- competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a voice subscribership of more than 130 per 100 persons (2020)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors;
- GhanaSat-1 nanosatellite launched in 2017 (2017)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: challenged by unreliable electricity, electricity and shortage of skilled labor, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; investment in fiber infrastructure enabled 600 additional towers to and off-grid solutions provide basic mobile services; data coverage to over 23 million people; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking; highly moderately competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity capacity; LTE services are widely available; the relatively high cost of 5G-compatible devices also inhibits most subscribers from migrating from 3G and reduced prices (2020) LTE platforms (2022)
domestic: fixed-line about data less than 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a voice subscribership of more than 130 per 100 persons (2020)
international: country code - 233; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; Ghana-1 satellite GhanaSat-1 nanosatellite launched in 2020 (2019) 2017 (2017)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- challenged by unreliable electricity and shortage of skilled labor, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally;
- investment in fiber infrastructure and off-grid solutions provide data coverage to over 23 million people;
- launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking;
- moderately competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks;
- international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity;
- LTE services are widely available;
- the relatively high cost of 5G-compatible devices also inhibits most subscribers from migrating from 3G and LTE platforms (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line data less than 1 per 100 subscriptions; mobile-cellular subscriptions 123 per 100 persons (2021)
- international:
- country code - 233;
- landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe;
- satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean);
- microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors;
- GhanaSat-1 nanosatellite launched in 2017 (2017)
general assessment: challenged by unreliable electricity and shortage of skilled labor, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; investment in fiber infrastructure and off-grid solutions provide data coverage to over 23 million people; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking; moderately competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity; LTE services are widely available; the relatively high cost of 5G-compatible devices also inhibits most subscribers from migrating from 3G and LTE platforms (2022)
domestic: fixed-line data less than 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a voice subscribership of more than 130 subscriptions 123 per 100 persons (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 233; landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, MainOne, ACE, WACS and GLO-1 fiber-optic submarine cables that provide connectivity to South and West Africa, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors; GhanaSat-1 nanosatellite launched in 2017 (2017)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Ghana: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/ghana/telecommunication-systems.