Gibraltar

dependent territory of the UKIndependence none (dependent territory of the UK)

Gibraltar as the 1993 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 77 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalGilbraltar

Area6.5 km2

LocationSouthwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the

Populationas each edition published it

31,508 people July 1993 est. · 29,572 in 1990

Population growth% a year

0.53% 1993 est. · 0.16% in 2025

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 38.8 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

76.06 years 1993 est. · 80.9 yrs in 2025

Fertility ratechildren per woman

2.37 children per woman 1993 est. · 2.4 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

8.4 deaths per 1,000 live births 1993 est. · 6 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

$4,600 $61,700 in 2024

GDP real growth% a year

5% 6% in 2016

Geography

Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the | North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of | Spain

14 fields

Land useshare of 6.5 km2

forest and woodland 0%other 100%arable land 0% in all · permanent crops 0% in all · meadows and pastures 0% in all

Area

6.5km2

land area: 6.5 km2comparative area: about 11 times the size of the Mall in Washington, DC

Coastline

12km

exclusive fishing zone: 3 nmterritorial sea: 3 nm

Land boundaries

1.2km

total · Spain 1.2 km

Location

Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of Spain

International disputes

source of occasional friction between Spain and the UK

Climate

Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers

Terrain

a narrow coastal lowland borders The Rock

Environment

natural freshwater sources are meager, so large water catchments (concrete or natural rock) collect rain water

Note

strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

People

14 fields

Population

31,508

(July 1993 est.)growth rate: 0.53% (1993 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1993 est.)

Birth

15.68Death

8.89Net migration

-1.46

Religions(1981)

Roman Catholic 74%Protestant 11% (Church of England 8%, other 3%)Moslem 8%Jewish 2%none or other 5% (1981)

Labor force

14,800

(including non-Gibraltar laborers)note: UK military establishments and civil government employ nearly 50% of the labor force

Infant mortality rate

8.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population:: 76.06 years
male:: 73.18 years
female:: 78.91 years (1993 est.)

Nationality

noun:: Gibraltarian(s)
adjective:: Gibraltar

Ethnic divisions

Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, Spanish

Languages

English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian

Literacy

total population:: NA%
male:: NA%
female:: NA%

Government

Dependent territory of the UK

21 fields

Names

conventional long form:: none
conventional short form:: Gibraltar

National holiday

Commonwealth Day (second Monday of March)

Political parties and leaders

Socialist Labor Party (SL), Joe BOSSANO;
Gibraltar Labor Party/Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights (GCL/AACR), leader NA;
Gibraltar Social Democrats, Peter CARUANA;
Gibraltar National Party, Joe GARCIA

Other political or pressure groups

Housewives Association;
Chamber of Commerce;
Gibraltar Representatives Organization

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects resident six months or more

Elections

House of Assembly:: last held on 16 January 1992 (next to be held January 1996);
results - SL 73.3%;
seats - (18 total, 15 elected) number of seats by party NA

Executive branch

British monarch, governor, chief minister, Gibraltar Council, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

Leaders

Chief of State:: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander in Chief Adm. Sir Derek REFFELL (since NA 1989)
Head of Government:: Chief Minister Joe BOSSANO (since 25 March 1988)

Diplomatic representation in US

none (dependent territory of the UK)

Flag

two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band;
hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band

Economy

The economy depends heavily on British defense expenditures, revenue from | tourists, fees for services to shipping, and revenues from banking and | finance activities.

18 fields

GDP per capita, PPP

$4,600

(FY87)

Real growth rate

(FY87)industrial production growth: growth rate NA%

Inflation, consumer prices

3.6%

(1988)

External debt

$318million

(1987)

Budget

Revenues

$136 millionExpenditures

$139 million

expenditures, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY88)

The economy depends heavily on British defense expenditures, revenue from tourists, fees for services to shipping, and revenues from banking and finance activities. Because more than 70% of the economy is in the public sector, changes in government spending have a major impact on the level of employment. Construction workers are particularly affected when government expenditures are cut.

National product

GNP - exchange rate conversion - $182 million (FY87)

Unemployment rate

NA%

Exports

$82 million (f.o.b., 1988)

commodities:: (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
partners:: UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, FRG

Imports

$258 million (c.i.f., 1988)

commodities:: fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
partners:: UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands

Electricity

47,000 kW capacity; 200 million kWh produced, 6,740 kWh per capita (1992)

Industries

tourism, banking and finance, construction, commerce;
support to large UK naval and air bases;
transit trade and supply depot in the port;
light manufacturing of tobacco, roasted coffee, ice, mineral waters, candy, beer, and canned fish

Agriculture

none

Economic aid

US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $0.8 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $188 million

Currency

1 Gibraltar pound (#G) = 100 pence

Exchange rates

Gibraltar pounds (#G) per US$1 - 0.6527 (January 1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988);
note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound

Fiscal year

1 July - 30 June

Communications

7 fields

Merchant marine, 32 ships by typeone square, one ship

cargo 4refrigerated cargo 2container 1oil tanker 18chemical tanker 2bulk; note - a flag of convenience registry 532 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 642,446 GRT/1,141,592 DWT

total:: 1
useable:: 1
with permanent surface runways:: 1
with runways over 3,659 m:: 0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:: 0 with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 1

Telecommunications

adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international radiocommunication and microwave facilities;
9,400 telephones;
broadcast stations - 1 AM, 6 FM, 4 TV;
1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station

Defense Forces

British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force

3 fields

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