The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Central America and the Caribbean
Telecommunication systems Grenada, in 35 editions.
The entry for Grenada published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 23 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 23
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023Published as “Telecommunications”
- automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones;
- new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and St. Vincent;
- VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou;
- stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones; new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and St. Vincent; VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
Published as “Telecommunications”
- automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones;
- new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou;
- stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones; new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and St. Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
The same text in 1992 and 1993.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones;
- new SHF radio links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad and Carriacou;
- broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones; new SHF radio
links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to
Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
Published as “Telecommunications”
- automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones;
- new SHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad, Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad and Carriacou;
- broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones; new SHF radio
radio links to Trinidad and the islands of Trinidad, Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF
and UHF radio links to
broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
Published as “Telephone system”
- 5,650 telephones;
- automatic, islandwide telephone system;
- new SHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad, Tobago, and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad and Carriacou
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- NA
- international:
- SHF, VHF, and UHF radio communications
5,650 telephones; automatic, islandwide telephone system with 5,650 telephones;
system; new SHFTobago Tobago, and
Saint Vincent; VHFCarriacou;broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, 1 TV Carriacou
local: NA
intercity: NA
international: SHF, VHF, and UHF radio communications
Published as “Telephone system”
automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
5,650 telephones; automatic, islandwide telephone systemsystem; domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: new SHF radio radiotelephone links to the islands of Trinidad, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago
and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad and
Carriacou
local: NA
intercity: NA
international: SHF, VHF, and UHF radio communications
The same text in 1997 and 1998.
Published as “Telephone system”
automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
Published as “Telephone system”
automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and
and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
Published as “Telephone system”
automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, islandwide telephone system domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
The same text in 3 editions, 2004 to 2006.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: country code - 1-473; new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
The same text in 2007 and 2008.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: country code - 1-473; new landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, islandwide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment:
automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic:
interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international:
country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
The same text in 3 editions, 2010 to 2012.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, island-wide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment:
automatic, islandwide island-wide telephone system
domestic:
interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international:
country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, island-wide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2009)
general assessment:
automatic, island-wide telephone system
domestic:
interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international:
country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2009)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- automatic, island-wide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2009)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
The same text in 2016 and 2017.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- adequate,
- automatic,
- island-wide telephone system
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2015)
general assessment: adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2009) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system; lack of local competition but telecoms are a high contibutor to overall GDP (2018)
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 101 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2018)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
- also a landing point for the Southern Caribbean Fiber (SCF) submarine cable with links to 10 other islands in the Caribbean extending from Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis to Trinidad and Tobago;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2018)
general assessment: adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system system; lack of local competition but telecoms are a high contibutor to overall GDP (2018)
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 101 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2018)
international: country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; also a landing point for the Southern Caribbean Fiber (SCF) submarine cable with links to 10 other islands in the Caribbean extending from Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis to Trinidad and Tobago; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2015) (2018)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system; lack of local competition but telecoms are a high contributor to overall GDP (2018)
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 101 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2018)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
general assessment: adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system; lack of local competition but telecoms are a high contibutor contributor to overall GDP (2018)
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 101 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2018)
international: country code - 1-473; landing point points for the East ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) and CARCIP submarine cable cables with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; also a landing point for the Southern Caribbean Fiber (SCF) submarine cable with links to 10 other islands in the Caribbean extending from Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Tobago; Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2018) (2019)
- general assessment:
- adequate, island-wide telephone system;
- lack of local competition, but telecoms are a high contributors to overall GDP;
- growth sectors include the mobile telephony and data segments (2020)
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 102 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: adequate, automatic, island-wide telephone system; lack of local competition competition, but telecoms are a high contributor contributors to overall GDP (2018) GDP; growth sectors include the mobile telephony and data segments (2020)
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 101 102 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 1-473; landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- adequate, island-wide telephone system;
- lack of local competition, but telecoms are a high contributors to overall GDP;
- growth sectors include the mobile telephony and data segments (2020)
- domestic:
- interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 102 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: adequate, island-wide telephone system; lack of local competition, but telecoms are a high contributors to overall GDP; growth sectors include the mobile telephony and data segments (2020)
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 per 100 for fixed-line and 102 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)
international: country code - 1-473; landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue;
- fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home;
- one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile;
- governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time;
- network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)
- domestic:
- 14 per 100 for fixed-line and 108 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2020)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: adequate, island-wide telephone system; lack the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of local competition, but telecoms short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are a high contributors two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to overall GDP; working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth sectors include is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile telephony network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and data segments (2020) enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links; 29 14 per 100 for fixed-line and 102 108 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 1-473; landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue;
- fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home;
- one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile;
- governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time;
- network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)
- domestic:
- 21 per 100 for fixed-line and 81 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2021)
- international:
- country code - 1-473;
- landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados;
- SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
- VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
general assessment: the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)
domestic: 14 21 per 100 for fixed-line and 108 81 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 1-473; landing points for the ECFS, Southern Caribbean Fiber and CARCIP submarine cables with links to 13 Caribbean islands extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad & Tobago including Puerto Rico and Barbados; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Grenada: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/grenada/telecommunication-systems.