The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Arctic Region
Executive branch Iceland, in 35 editions.
The entry for Iceland published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 29 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 29
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
president, prime minister, Cabinet
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 29 June 1980 (next scheduled for June 1992); results - there were no elections in 1984 and 1988 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed
- Althing:
- last held on 20 April 1991 (next to be held by April 1995);
- results - Independence Party 38.6%, Progressive Party 18.9%, Social Democratic Party 15.5%, People's Alliance 14.4%, Womens List 8.13%, Liberals 1.2%, other 3.27% seats - (63 total) Independence 26, Progressive 13, Social Democratic 10, People's Alliance 9, Womens List 5
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
president, prime minister, Cabinet
Chief of State:
President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
President:
last held on 29 June 1980 (next scheduled for June 1992); results - there
were no elections in 1984 and 1988 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was
unopposed
Althing:
last held on 20 April 1991 (next to be held by April 1995); results -
Independence Party 38.6%, Progressive Party 18.9%, Social Democratic Party
15.5%, People's Alliance 14.4%, Womens List 8.13%, Liberals 1.2%, other
3.27% seats - (63 total) Independence 26, Progressive 13, Social Democratic
10, People's Alliance 9, Womens List 5
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 29 June 1988 (next scheduled for June 1996); results - there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed
- Althing:
- last held on 20 April 1991 (next to be held by April 1995);
- results - Independence Party 38.6%, Progressive Party 18.9%, Social Democratic Party 15.5%, People's Alliance 14.4%, Womens List 8.3%, Liberals 1.2%, other 3.1%;
- seats - (63 total) Independence 26, Progressive 13, Social Democratic 10, People's Alliance 9, Womens List 5
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
president, prime minister, CabinetPresident:
Chief of State:
President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
last held on 29 June 1980 1988 (next scheduled for June 1992); 1996); results - therewere was no elections election in 1984 and 1988 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was
Althing:
last held on 20 April 1991 (next to be held by April 1995); results -
Independence Party 38.6%, Progressive Party 18.9%, Social Democratic Party
15.5%, People's Alliance 14.4%, Womens List 8.13%, 8.3%, Liberals 1.2%, other 3.1%;3.27% seats - (63 total) Independence 26, Progressive 13, Social Democratic
People's Alliance 9, Womens List 5
president, prime minister, Cabinet
Chief of State:
President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
The entry for Iceland did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state:
- President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980);
- election last held on 29 June 1988 (next scheduled for June 1996);
- results - there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; appointed by the president
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980);
election last held on 29 June 1988 (next scheduled for June 1996);
results - there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis
FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president
- chief of state:
- President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980) was elected for a four-year term by universal suffrage;
- election last held 29 June 1988 (next to be held June 1996);
- results - there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991) was appointed by the president
- cabinet:
- Cabinet was appointed by the president
chief of state: President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR (since 1 August 1980);
1980) was elected for a four-year term by universal suffrage;
election last held on 29 June 1988 (next scheduled for to be held June 1996);
- there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis
was unopposed
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April
1991) was appointed by the president
cabinet: Cabinet; Cabinet was appointed by the president
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet :
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results :
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - 41.4%
chief of state: President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)1980) was head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
cabinet : Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term by universal suffrage; term;
election last held 29 June 1988 1996 (next to be held NA June 1996); results 2000); prime
- there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR
was unopposed
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April1991) was minister appointed by the presidentcabinet: Cabinet was appointed by the president election results : Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent
of vote - 41.4%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote-41.4%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)cabinet : cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000); prime
minister appointed by the president
election results : results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percentvote - 41.4%
vote-41.4%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote--41.4%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August
1996)
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April
1991)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000); prime
prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent ofvote-41.4% of vote--41.4%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - 41.4%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percentvote--41.4% vote - 41.4%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996) head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2004);
- President GRIMSSON ran unopposed in June 2000 so there were no elections;
- prime minister appointed by the president election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president;
- President GRIMSSON ran unopposed
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)presidentprime minister and approved by Parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2000); 2004); President GRIMSSON ran unopposed in June 2000 so there were no elections; prime minister appointed by the presidentpercent of vote - 41.4% President GRIMSSON ran unopposed
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON ran unopposed in 2000 and was reelected
- elections:
- president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2004);
- President GRIMSSON ran unopposed in June 2000 so there were no elections;
- prime minister appointed by the president
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON ran unopposed in 2000 and was reelected
elections: president president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 29 June 1996 (next to be held NA June 2004); President GRIMSSON ran unopposed in June 2000 so there were no elections; prime minister appointed by the president election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; President GRIMSSON ran unopposed
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Halldor ASGRIMSSON (since 15 September 2004);
- note - Former Prime Minister David ODDSSON switched positions with former Foreign Minister Halldor ASGRIMMSON
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament
- elections:
- president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held June 2008);
- prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the vote, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Halldor ASGRIMSSON (since 15 September 2004); note - Former Prime Minister David ODDSSON (since 30 April 1991) switched positions with former Foreign Minister Halldor ASGRIMMSON
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliamentelection results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON ran unopposed in 2000 and was reelectedelections: president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 29 26 June 1996 2004 (next to be held NA June 2004); President GRIMSSON ran unopposed in June 2000 so there were no elections; 2008); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the vote, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Halldor ASGRIMSSON (since 15 September 2004);
- note - Former Prime Minister David ODDSSON switched positions with former Foreign Minister Halldor ASGRIMMSON
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by parliament
- elections:
- president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term;
- election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held June 2008);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the vote, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Halldor ASGRIMSSON (since 15 September 2004); note - Former Prime Minister David ODDSSON switched positions with former Foreign Minister Halldor ASGRIMMSON
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament parliament
elections: president, which is largely a ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held June 2008); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the vote, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Geir H. HAARDE (since 7 June 2006)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections:
- president, largely a ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held June 2008);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
- election results:
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Halldor ASGRIMSSON Geir H. HAARDE (since 15 September 2004); note - Former Prime Minister David ODDSSON switched positions with former Foreign Minister Halldor ASGRIMMSON 7 June 2006)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by parliament
elections: president, which is largely a ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; term (no term limits); election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held June 2008); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON wins with 85.6% of the vote, 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
The same text in 2007 and 2008.
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Geir H. HAARDE (since 7 June 2006)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections:
- president, largely a ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2008);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
- election results:
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Geir H. HAARDE (since 7 June 2006)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections: president, largely a ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held 26 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2008); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009);
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections:
- president, a largely ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2012);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
note: the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was never held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August 2008
2004 election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%;
chief of state:
President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Geir H. HAARDE Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 7 June 2006) 1 February 2009);
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections:
president, largely a largely ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held 26 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2008); 2012); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
note:
the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was never held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August 2008
2004 election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9% 1.9%;
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009);
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president, a largely ceremonial post, elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2012);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually the prime minister
note: the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was not held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August 2008
2004 election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%;
chief of state:
President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009);
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president, a largely ceremonial post, is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held on 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2012); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
note:
the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was never not held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August 2008
2004 election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%;
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2012);
- note - the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was not held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers;
- he was sworn in on 1 August 2008;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually the prime minister
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%,
- Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%,
- Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%
chief of state:
President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009); 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:president, a largely ceremonial post, president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held on 28 June 2004 (next to be held in June 2012); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually the prime ministernote - the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was not held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August
note:2008 2008; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually the prime minister2004 election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9%; 1.9%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016);
- note - following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 52.8%,
- Thora ARNORSDOTTIR 33.2%,
- Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON 8.6%
chief of state:
President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR (since 1 February 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held on 28 30 June 2004 2012 (next to be held in June 2012); 2016); note - the presidential election of 28 June 2008 was not held because Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON had no challengers; he was sworn in on 1 August 2008; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 85.6%, Baldur AGUSTSSON 12.5%, Astthor MAGNUSSON 1.9% 52.8%, Thora ARNORSDOTTIR 33.2%, Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON 8.6%
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON (since 23 May 2013)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016);
- note - following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 52.8%,
- Thora ARNORSDOTTIR 33.2%,
- Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON 8.6%,
- other 5.4%
chief of state:
President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON (since 1 February 2009) 23 May 2013)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016); note - following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
election results:
Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON 52.8%, Thora ARNORSDOTTIR 33.2%, Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON 8.6% 8.6%, other 5.4%
- chief of state:
- President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (since 1 August 1996)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON (since 23 May 2013)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (independent) 52.8%, Thora ARNORSDOTTIR (independent) 33.2%, Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON (independent) 8.6%, other 5.4%
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president
elections:is directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a four-year 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 30 June 2012 (next to be held in June 2016); note - following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the becomes prime minister
election results:
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Sigurdur Ingi JOHANNSSON (since 7 April 2016)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, Davio ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla JONSSON Party) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
chief of state: President Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 1996) 2016)
head of government: Prime Minister Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON Sigurdur Ingi JOHANNSSON (since 23 May 2013) 7 April 2016)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 30 25 June 2012 2016 (next to be held in June 2016); 2020); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; percent of vote - Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON (independent) 52.8%, Thora ARNORSDOTTIR Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 33.2%, Ari Trausti GUDMUNDSSON 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 8.6%, other 5.4% 14.3%, Davio ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla JONSSON Party) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Acting Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 11 January 2017); Prime Minister BENEDIKTSSON resigned on 16 September 2017
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla Jonsson) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Acting Prime Minister Sigurdur Ingi JOHANNSSON Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 7 April 2016) 11 January 2017); Prime Minister BENEDIKTSSON resigned on 16 September 2017
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, Davio David ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla JONSSON Party) Jonsson) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla Jonsson) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Acting Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 11 January 2017); Prime Minister BENEDIKTSSON resigned on 16 September 2017 30 November 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla Jonsson) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON 14.3%, David ODDSSON 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 25 June 2016 (next to be held in June 2020); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (IP) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON (independent) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (IP) 13.7%, Sturla JONSSON (Sturla Jonsson) 3.5%, invalid 1.5%
The same text in 2020 and 2021.
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 25 27 June 2016 2020 (next to be held in June 2020); 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR 27.9%, Andri Snaer MAGNASON 14.3%, David ODDSSON 13.7%, Sturla (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON 3.5%, invalid 1.5% (independent) 7.8%
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- 2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
- 2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, Davíd ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results: 2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, Davíd ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- 2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
- 2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (since 1 August 2016)
head of government: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results:
2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, Davíd David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President Halla TOMASDOTTIR (since 1 August 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 9 April 2024)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 1 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2028);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- election results:
- 2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
- 2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president;
- Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
chief of state: President Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON Halla TOMASDOTTIR (since 1 August 2016) 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON (since 30 November 2017) 9 April 2024)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 27 1 June 2020 2024 (next to be held in 2024); June 2028); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
election results:
2024: percent of vote - Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 34.1%, Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (Left-Green Movement) 25.2%, Halla Hrund LOGADOTTIR (independent) 15.7%, Jon GNARR (Social Democratic Alliance) 10.1%, Baldur PORHALLSSON (independent) 8.4%, other 6.5%
2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5%
- chief of state:
- President Halla TOMASDOTTIR (since 1 August 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Kristrun FROSTADOTTIR (since 21 December 2024)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister
- election/appointment process:
- president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits);
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
- most recent election date:
- 1 June 2024
- election results:
- 2024: Halla TOMASDOTTIR elected president;
- percent of vote - Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 34.1%, Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (Left-Green Movement) 25.2%, Halla Hrund LOGADOTTIR (independent) 15.7%, Jon GNARR (Social Democratic Alliance) 10.1%, Baldur PORHALLSSON (independent) 8.4%, other 6.5%
- 2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president;
- percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%
- expected date of next election:
- June 2028
chief of state: President Halla TOMASDOTTIR (since 1 August 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON Kristrun FROSTADOTTIR (since 9 April 21 December 2024)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime ministerelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president directly elected by simple majority simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 1 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2028); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister
most recent election date: 1 June 2024
election results:
2024: Halla TOMASDOTTIR elected president; percent of vote - Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 34.1%, Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (Left-Green Movement) 25.2%, Halla Hrund LOGADOTTIR (independent) 15.7%, Jon GNARR (Social Democratic Alliance) 10.1%, Baldur PORHALLSSON (independent) 8.4%, other 6.5%
2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%2016: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON elected president; Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 39.1%, Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 27.9%, Andri Snær MAGNASON (Democracy Movement) 14.3%, David ODDSSON (independent) 13.7%, other 5% expected date of next election: June 2028
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Iceland: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/iceland/executive-branch.