Telecommunication systems Japan, in 35 editions.

excellent domestic and international service; 64,000,000 telephones; stations--318
broadcast stations - 318 AM, 58 FM, 12,350 TV (196 major--1 major - 1 kw or greater);
satellite earth stations--4 stations - 4 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean
INTELSAT; submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines, China, and USSR Russia

excellent domestic and international service; 64,000,000 telephones;
broadcast stations - 318 AM, 58 FM, 12,350 TV (196 major - 1 kw or greater);
greater); satellite earth stations - 4 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT and 1
Indian Ocean
INTELSAT; submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines,
China, and Russia

64,000,000 telephones; excellent domestic and
international service; 64,000,000 telephones; service
broadcast stations - 318 AM, 58 FM, 12,350 TV (196 major - 1 kw or local: NA
greater); satellite earth stations - 4 intercity: NA
international: 5 INTELSAT (4 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT and 1
Indian Ocean INTELSAT; Ocean) earth
stations; submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines,
China, and
Russia

64,000,000 telephones; excellent domestic and
international service
local: NA
intercity: domestic: NA
international: satellite earth stations - 5 INTELSAT Intelsat (4 Pacific
Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean Region), and
stations; 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean Regions); submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines,
China, Philippines, Russia, and
Russia US (via Guam)

excellent domestic and international service
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific
Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean Region), and
1
Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean Regions); submarine cables to
China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam)

excellent domestic and international service
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth stations - 5 stations-5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean Region), region), and 1
Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean Regions); regions); submarine cables to
China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam)

excellent domestic and international service
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth stations-5 stations--5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1
Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to
China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam)

excellent domestic and international service
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth stations--5 stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1
Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to
China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: NA
high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam) (1999)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam) (1999)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international: country code - 81; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam) (1999)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions); submarine cables to China, Philippines, Russia, and US (via Guam) (1999) regions

general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international:
country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions

general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international:
country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 5 7 Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean (Pacific and 1 Indian Ocean), Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), and 1 3 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2008)

general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international:
country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 3 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2008) (2012)

general assessment:
excellent domestic and international service
domestic:
high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind
international:
country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2012)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service service; Japan has exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide 4G mobile network; Japan govt. to open up to new mobile network operators (MNO) for 5G services to be commercially available in 2020; Japan's first Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) commencing during 2018 (2017)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind kind; 51 per 100 for fixed-line and 135 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2017)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2012) (2017)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; Japan has exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide 4G stand-alone 5G mobile network; in 2019, Japan govt. to open up to new mobile network operators (MNO) govt released spectrum for 5G services to be commercially available in 2020; Japan's first Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) commencing during 2018 (2017) 2020 (2018)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 51 per 100 for fixed-line and 135 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables with landing points for HSCS, JIH, RJCN, APCN-2, JUS, EAC-C2C, PC-1, Tata TGN-Pacific, FLAG North Asia Loop/REACH North Asia Loop, APCN-2, FASTER, SJC, SJC2, Unity/EAC-Pacific, JGA-N, APG, ASE, AJC, JUPITER, MOC, Okinawa Cellular Cable, KJCN, GOKI, KJCN, and SeaMeWE-3, submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2017) (2019)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; Japan has exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband and fixed broadband penetration; strong govt. policies for over a decade see over 90% of households with FttX; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide stand-alone 5G mobile network; in 2019, Japan govt released spectrum govt. to implement a telecom tax to pay for rural 5G services network; FttH will continue to be commercially available increase its share of total fixed broadband subscriptions as DSL is phased out; mature telecom system will show slow growth in 2020 (2018) the next few years to 2024 (2020)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 51 50 per 100 for fixed-line and 135 140 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables with landing points for HSCS, JIH, RJCN, APCN-2, JUS, EAC-C2C, PC-1, Tata TGN-Pacific, FLAG North Asia Loop/REACH North Asia Loop, APCN-2, FASTER, SJC, SJC2, Unity/EAC-Pacific, JGA-N, APG, ASE, AJC, JUPITER, MOC, Okinawa Cellular Cable, KJCN, GOKI, KJCN, and SeaMeWE-3, submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated

general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband broadband, and fixed broadband penetration; strong govt. in last decade, government policies for over a decade see supported delivery of fiber-optic broadband to over 90% of households with FttX; households; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide stand-alone 5G mobile network; govt. government to implement a telecom tax to pay for rural 5G network; FttH will continue to increase its share of total fixed broadband subscriptions grow as DSL is phased out; mature telecom system will show slow growth in the next few years to 2024 major importer of integrated circuits from China (2020)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 50 per 100 for fixed-line and 140 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables with landing points for HSCS, JIH, RJCN, APCN-2, JUS, EAC-C2C, PC-1, Tata TGN-Pacific, FLAG North Asia Loop/REACH North Asia Loop, APCN-2, FASTER, SJC, SJC2, Unity/EAC-Pacific, JGA-N, APG, ASE, AJC, JUPITER, MOC, Okinawa Cellular Cable, KJCN, GOKI, KJCN, and SeaMeWE-3, submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments

general assessment: excellent domestic Japan has one of the best developed telecom markets globally, the fixed-line segment remains stagnant and international service; exceedingly high mobile, the focus for growth is in the mobile broadband, sector; the MNOs have shifted their investment from LTE to 5G, and fixed broadband penetration; growth in last decade, government policies supported delivery of fiber-optic broadband 5G showed early promise although there have been recent setbacks; these have partly been attributed to over 90% the economic difficulties, the impact of households; one restrictions imposed during the pandemic, and unfavourable investment climate (not helped by the delay of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning the Tokyo Olympics from 2020 to build its own nationwide stand-alone 5G mobile network; government 2021), and to implement restrictions in the supply of 5G-enabled devices; the fixed broadband market is dominated by fiber, with a telecom tax strong cable platform also evident; fiber will continue to pay for rural 5G network; increase its share of the fixed broadband subscriptions grow as DSL is phased out; major importer market, largely at the expense of integrated circuits DSL; the mobile market is dominated by three MNOs, mobile broadband subscriber growth is expected to be relatively low over the next five years, partly due to the high existing subscriptions though growth has been stimulated by measures which have encouraged people to school and work from China (2020) home; there has also been a boost in accessing entertainment via mobile devices since 2020; plans to provide 55% population coverage with 5G by March 2022 and nationwide 5G coverage by 2023 (2021)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 50 49 per 100 for fixed-line and 140 152 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables with landing points for HSCS, JIH, RJCN, APCN-2, JUS, EAC-C2C, PC-1, Tata TGN-Pacific, FLAG North Asia Loop/REACH North Asia Loop, APCN-2, FASTER, SJC, SJC2, Unity/EAC-Pacific, JGA-N, APG, ASE, AJC, JUPITER, MOC, Okinawa Cellular Cable, KJCN, GOKI, KJCN, and SeaMeWE-3, submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services

general assessment: Japan has one of the best developed telecom markets globally, the fixed-line segment remains stagnant and the focus for growth is in the mobile sector; the MNOs have shifted their investment from LTE to 5G, and growth in 5G showed early promise although there have been recent setbacks; these have partly been attributed to the economic difficulties, the impact of restrictions imposed during the pandemic, and unfavourable unfavorable investment climate (not helped by the delay of the Tokyo Olympics from 2020 to 2021), and to restrictions in the supply of 5G-enabled devices; the fixed broadband market is dominated by fiber, with a strong cable platform also evident; fiber will continue to increase its share of the fixed broadband market, largely at the expense of DSL; the mobile market is dominated by three MNOs, mobile broadband subscriber growth is expected to be relatively low over the next five years, partly due to the high existing subscriptions though growth has been stimulated by measures which have encouraged people to school and work from home; there has also been a boost in accessing entertainment via mobile devices since 2020; plans to provide 55% population coverage with 5G by March 2022 and nationwide 5G coverage by 2023 2020 (2021)
domestic: high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 49 per 100 for fixed-line and 152 161 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 81; numerous submarine cables with landing points for HSCS, JIH, RJCN, APCN-2, JUS, EAC-C2C, PC-1, Tata TGN-Pacific, FLAG North Asia Loop/REACH North Asia Loop, APCN-2, FASTER, SJC, SJC2, Unity/EAC-Pacific, JGA-N, APG, ASE, AJC, JUPITER, MOC, Okinawa Cellular Cable, KJCN, GOKI, KJCN, and SeaMeWE-3, submarine cables provide links throughout Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa and US; satellite earth stations - 7 Intelsat (Pacific and Indian Oceans), 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region), 2 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean regions), and 8 SkyPerfect JSAT (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services