The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Africa
Telecommunication systems Mali, in 35 editions.
The entry for Mali published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 27 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 27
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- domestic system poor but improving;
- provides only minimal service with radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations;
- expansion of radio relay in progress;
- 11,000 telephones;
- stations--2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV;
- satellite earth stations--1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service with radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations; expansion of radio relay in progress; 11,000 telephones; stations--2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV; satellite earth stations--1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT
The same text in 1992 and 1993.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- domestic system poor but improving;
- provides only minimal service with radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations;
- expansion of radio relay in progress;
- 11,000 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service with radio
relay, wire, and radio communications stations; expansion of radio relay in
progress; 11,000 telephones; stations--2 broadcast stations - 2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV;
satellite earth stations--1 stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean
INTELSAT
Published as “Telecommunications”
- domestic system poor but improving;
- provides only minimal service with radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations;
- expansion of radio relay in progress;
- 11,000 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service with radio
radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations; expansion of
radio relay in
2 FM, 2 TV;
Indian Ocean
Published as “Telephone system”
- 11,000 telephones;
- domestic system poor but improving;
- provides only minimal service
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- microwave radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations
11,000 telephones; domestic system poor but
improving; provides only minimal service with
local: NA
intercity: microwave radio relay, wire, and radio communications
stations; expansion ofprogress; 11,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 2 AM, progress2 FM, international: 2 TV; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1Ocean INTELSAT Ocean) earth
stations
Published as “Telephone system”
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
11,000 telephones; domestic system poor but
only minimal servicelocal: NA domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and
intercity:radio communications
radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio
relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations - 2 INTELSAT Intelsat (1 Atlantic
Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth
stations
Published as “Telephone system”
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
domestic system poor but improving; provides
minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and
radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio
relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic
and 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations-2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
domestic system poor but improving; provides only
minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and
radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio
relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations - 2 stations-2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations--2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
domestic system poor but improving; provides only
only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and
radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio
relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations-2 stations--2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean
and 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
domestic system poor but improving; provides
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and
international: satellite earth stations--2 stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system poor but improving;
- provides only minimal service domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations;
- expansion of microwave radio relay in progress international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: domestic system poor unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
The same text in 3 editions, 2004 to 2006.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
- international:
- country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress
international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- fixed-line availability is gradually increasing, but subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas;
- mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 20 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2007)
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion fixed-line availability is gradually increasing, but subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; increasing use of microwave local radio relay in progress loops to extend network coverage to remote areas; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 20 per 100 persons
international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas;
- mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 25 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2008)
general assessment:
domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic:
fixed-line availability is gradually increasing, but subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 20 about 25 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2007) (2008)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to nearly 30 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2008)
general assessment:
domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote
domestic:
fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons;areas; areas
domestic:
fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 25 nearly 30 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2008)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
general assessment:
domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
domestic:
fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to nearly 30 about 70 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2008)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)
general assessment:
domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
domestic:
fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)
general assessment:
domestic:
international:
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 130 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2015)
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 over 130 per 100 persons
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2010) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2016)
general assessment: domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 130 115 per 100 persons
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2015) (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2016)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons (2016)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2016)
general assessment: domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2016)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons (2016)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- domestic system improving;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas;
- geography a challenge for telecommunications;
- poverty, security, high illiteracy and low PC use has taken its toll;
- 4 mobile operators in market;
- potential for mobile broadband services;
- local plans for Internet Exchange Point (2018)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 113 per 100 persons (2018)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean);
- new competition with submarine fiber optic cables in the region
general assessment: domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2016) areas; geography a challenge for telecommunications; poverty, security, high illiteracy and low PC use has taken its toll; 4 mobile operators in market; potential for mobile broadband services; local plans for Internet Exchange Point (2018)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 113 per 100 persons (2016) (2018)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2016) Ocean); new competition with submarine fiber optic cables in the region
- general assessment:
- telecoms infrastructure is barely adequate in most town and not available in many areas of the country;
- geography is a challenge for telecommunications;
- poverty, security, high illiteracy and low PC use has taken its toll;
- 4 mobile operators in market;
- mobile penetration high and potential for mobile broadband service;
- local plans for Internet Exchange Point;
- as Mali is landlocked there is hope that neighboring countries will allow use of international bandwidth;
- G5 Sahel countries adopt free roaming measures;
- Chinese company Huawei attempts to build a national backbone network but security issues make this difficult (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership 1 per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: domestic system improving; increasing use telecoms infrastructure is barely adequate in most town and not available in many areas of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas; the country; geography is a challenge for telecommunications; poverty, security, high illiteracy and low PC use has taken its toll; 4 mobile operators in market; mobile penetration high and potential for mobile broadband services; service; local plans for Internet Exchange Point (2018) Point; as Mali is landlocked there is hope that neighboring countries will allow use of international bandwidth; G5 Sahel countries adopt free roaming measures; Chinese company Huawei attempts to build a national backbone network but security issues make this difficult (2020)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 113 115 per 100 persons (2018) persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean); new competition with submarine fiber optic cables Ocean)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the region telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy;
- telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks;
- high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service;
- local plans for IXP;
- dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables;
- Chinese investment in infrastructure stymied by security issues;
- importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership 1 per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: telecoms Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in most town urban areas and not available in many areas most of the country; geography is a challenge for telecommunications; poverty, security, high illiteracy and low PC use has taken its toll; 4 mobile operators country with underinvestment in market; fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration high and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for Internet Exchange Point; as Mali is landlocked there is hope that IXP; dependent on neighboring countries will allow use of for international bandwidth; G5 Sahel countries adopt free roaming measures; Chinese company Huawei attempts bandwidth and access to build a national backbone network but submarine cables; Chinese investment in infrastructure stymied by security issues make this difficult issues; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy;
- telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks;
- high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service;
- local plans for IXP;
- dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership is over 1 per 100 persons;
- mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 125 per 100 persons;
- increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2020)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables; Chinese investment in infrastructure stymied by security issues; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020) cables (2022)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership is over 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 125 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy;
- telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks;
- high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service;
- local plans for IXP;
- dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line subscribership is 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 100 per 100 persons (2021)
- international:
- country code - 223;
- satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries;
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)
general assessment: Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables (2022)
domestic: fixed-line subscribership is over 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 125 100 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2020) persons (2021)
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2020)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Mali: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/mali/telecommunication-systems.