Mozambique

total:

0.63 cu km/yr (11%/2%/87%)

per capita:

32 cu m/yr (2000)

• a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences;
• desertification;
• pollution of surface and coastal waters;
• elephant poaching for ivory is a problem

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

at birth:

1.02 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.71 male(s)/female

total population:

0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

degree of risk:

very high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases:

malaria and plague

water contact disease:

schistosomiasis (2008)

noun:

Mozambican(s)

adjective:

Mozambican

conventional long form:

Republic of Mozambique

conventional short form:

Mozambique

local long form:

Republica de Mocambique

local short form:

Mocambique

former:

Portuguese East Africa

name:

Maputo

geographic coordinates:

25 57 S, 32 35 E

time difference:

UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city (cidade)*;
• Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia

chief of state:

President Armando GUEBUZA (since 2 February 2005)

head of government:

Prime Minister Luisa DIOGO (since 17 February 2004)

cabinet:

Cabinet

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
• election last held 1-2 December 2004 (next to be held in December 2009);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

Armando GUEBUZA elected president; percent of vote - Armando GUEBUZA 63.7%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 31.7%

• Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly);
• other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts

note: although the constitution provides for a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases

• Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA];
• Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or RENAMO-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA]

• Etica [Abdul CARIMO Issa, chairman];
• Human Rights and Development (Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento) or DHD [Artemisia FRANCO, secretary general];
• Institute for Peace and Democracy (Instituto para Paz e Democracia) or IPADE [Raul DOMINGOS, president];
• Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania);
• Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]

chief of mission:

Ambassador Armando Alexandre PANGUENE

chancery:

1525 New Hampshire Avenue, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:

[1] (202) 293-7146

FAX:

[1] (202) 835-0245

chief of mission:

Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Todd C. CHAPMAN

embassy:

Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo

mailing address:

P. O. Box 783, Maputo

telephone:

[258] (21) 492797

FAX:

[258] (21) 490114

• three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side;
• the black band is edged in white;
• centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book

agriculture:

81%

industry:

6%

services:

13% (1997 est.)

lowest 10%:

2.1%

highest 10%:

39.4% (2002)

general assessment:

fair system with an extremely low density of less than 1 fixed line per 100 persons

domestic:

• the telecommunications sector is shackled with a heavy state presence, lack of competition, and high operating costs and charges;
• stagnation in the fixed-line network contrasts with rapid growth in the mobile-cellular network;
• mobile-cellular coverage now includes all the main cities and key roads, including those from Maputo to the South African and Swaziland borders, the national highway through Gaza and Inhambane provinces, the Beira corridor, and from Nampula to Nacala

international:

country code - 258; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)

total:

3,123 km

narrow gauge:

2,983 km 1.067-m gauge; 140 km 0.762-m gauge (2006)

total:

30,400 km

paved:

5,685 km

unpaved:

24,715 km (2000)

total:

2

by type:

cargo 2

foreign-owned:

2 (Belgium 2) (2008)

male:

257,261

female:

259,114 (2008 est.)

current situation:

• Mozambique is a source and, to a much lesser extent, a destination country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor and sexual exploitation;
• the use of forced and bonded child laborers is a common practice in Mozambique's rural areas;
• women and girls are trafficked from rural to urban areas of Mozambique, as well as to South Africa, for domestic servitude and commercial sexual exploitation;
• young men and boys are trafficked to South Africa for farm work and mining

tier rating:

• Tier 2 Watch List - for the second consecutive year, Mozambique is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat human trafficking in 2007;
• while the government conducted investigations into cases of human trafficking, there were no prosecutions or convictions of traffickers;
• government efforts to protect victims of trafficking continued to suffer from limited resources and a lack of political commitment (2008)

• southern African transit point for South Asian hashish and heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets;
• producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa);
• corruption and poor regulatory capability makes the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center