The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Central America and the Caribbean
Executive branch Nicaragua, in 35 editions.
The entry for Nicaragua published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- president,
- vice president,
- Cabinet
president, vice president, Cabinet
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- vice president,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President Virgilio GODOY (since 25 April 1990)
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996);
- results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
- National Assembly:
- last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996);
- results - UNO 53.9%, FSLN 40.8%, PSC 1.6%, MUR 1.0%;
- seats - (92 total) UNO 51, FSLN 39, PSC 1, MUR 1
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
president, vice president, Cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President
Virgilio GODOY (since 25 April 1990)
President:
last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996); results -
Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN)
40.8%, other 4.5%
National Assembly:
last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996); results - UNO
53.9%, FSLN 40.8%, PSC 1.6%, MUR 1.0%; seats - (92 total) UNO 51, FSLN 39,
PSC 1, MUR 1
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996);
- results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
- National Assembly:
- last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996);
- results - UNO 53.9%, FSLN 40.8%, PSC 1.6%, MUR 1.0%;
- seats - (92 total) UNO 42, FSLN 39, PSC 1, MUR 1, "Centrist" (Dissident UNO) 9
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- vice president,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President Virgilio GODOY Reyes (since 25 April 1990)
president, vice president, CabinetPresident:
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President
Virgilio GODOY (since 25 April 1990)
last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996); results -
Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN)
40.8%, other 4.5%
National Assembly:
last held on 25 February 1990 (next to be held February 1996); results - UNO
53.9%, FSLN 40.8%, PSC 1.6%, MUR 1.0%; seats - (92 total) UNO 51, 42, FSLN 39,
PSC 1, MUR 1 1, "Centrist" (Dissident UNO) 9
president, vice president, Cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President
Virgilio GODOY Reyes (since 25 April 1990)
The entry for Nicaragua did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990);
- Vice President Virgilio GODOY Reyes (since 25 April 1990);
- election last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held November 1996);
- results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
- cabinet:
- Cabinet
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state and head of government: President Violeta Barrios de
CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); Vice President Virgilio GODOY Reyes
(since 25 April 1990); election last held 25 February 1990 (next to be
held November 1996); results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO)
54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
cabinet: Cabinet
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990) was elected for a six-year term (amended to a five-year term in July 1995) by universal suffrage;
- Vice President Julia MENA Rivera (since 22 October 1995) replaced Virgilio GODOY, who resigned to run for the presidency in 1996 as required by law;
- election last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held 20 October 1996);
- results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
- cabinet:
- Cabinet
chief of state and head of government: President Violeta Barrios de
CHAMORRO (since 25 April 1990); 1990) was elected for a six-year term
(amended to a five-year term in July 1995) by universal suffrage;
Vice President Julia MENA Rivera (since 22 October 1995) replaced
Virgilio GODOY Reyes GODOY, who resigned to run for the presidency in 1996 as(since 25 April 1990); required by law; election last held 25 February 1990 (next to be
held November 20 October 1996); results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO)
54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%
cabinet: Cabinet
- chief of state:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
- head of government:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA 2001);
- note - in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years
- election results:
Rewritten: too little of the 1996 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
cabinet: Cabinet
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA 2001); note -
in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to
five years
election results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance) 51.03%,
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (Nicaraguan
Christian Path - CNN) 4.10%, Noel VIDAURRE (Nicaraguan Conservative
Party - PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS (National Project) 0.53%, others
(18 other candidates) remaining 4.33%
- chief of state:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
- head of government:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA 2001);
- note-in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years
- election results:
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997)
cabinet: Cabinet
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA 2001); note - note-inin July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to
years
election results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance) 51.03%,
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (Nicaraguan (PCCN) 4.10%,
Christian Path - CNN)
Noel VIDAURRE (Nicaraguan Conservative (PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS
Party - PCN)(National Project) (PRONAL) 0.53%, others
other candidates) remaining 4.33%
- chief of state:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
- Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997);
- note--the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
- Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997);
- note--the president is both chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA 2001);
- note--in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years party]--includes PLC, PALI, PLIUN, and PUCA) 51.03%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (PCCN) 4.10%, Noel VIDAURRE (PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS (PRONAL) 0.53%, other (18 other candidates) remaining 4.33%
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997) 1997); note--the
president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997) 1997);
note--the president is both chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket
by popular vote for a five-year term;
1996 (next to be held NA 2001); note-innote--in July 1995 the term of the
office of the president was amended to fiveelection results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance) party]--includes PLC, PALI, PLIUN, and PUCA) 51.03%,
Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (PCCN) 4.10%,
(PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS (PRONAL) 0.53%, others other (18
candidates) remaining 4.33%
- chief of state:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
- Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);
- Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held NA October 2001);
- note - in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years
- election results:
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January 1997);note--thenote - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 January
note--the
cabinet: Cabinet Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticketnote--in note - in July 1995 the term of theparty]--includes election results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance - ruling party - includes PLC, PALI, PLIUN, and PUCA) 51.03%, Daniel ORTEGAremaining 4.33%
- chief of state:
- President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (since 10 January 1997);
- Vice President Leopoldo NAVARRO (since 24 October 2000);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (since 10 January 1997);
- Vice President Leopoldo NAVARRO (since 24 October 2000);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 20 October 1996 (next to be held 4 November 2001);
- note - in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years election results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance - ruling party - includes PLC, PALI, PLIUN, and PUCA) 51.03%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (PCCN) 4.10%, Noel VIDAURRE (PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS (PRONAL) 0.53%, other (18 other candidates) 4.33%
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (10 (since 10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997); Leopoldo NAVARRO (since 24 October 2000); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government(10 (since 10 January 1997); Vice President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (10 January 1997); Leopoldo NAVARRO (since 24 October 2000); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmentNA October 4 November 2001); note - in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
- chief of state:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002);
- Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002);
- Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 4 November 2001 (next to be held by November 2006)
- election results:
- Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (PLC) elected president - 56.3%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 42.3%, Alberto SABORIO (PC) 1.4%;
- Jose RIZO Castellon elected vice president
chief of state: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 1997); 2002); Vice President Leopoldo NAVARRO Jose RIZO Castellon (since 24 October 2000); 10 January 2002); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 1997); 2002); Vice President Leopoldo NAVARRO Jose RIZO Castellon (since 24 October 2000); 10 January 2002); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 20 October 1996 4 November 2001 (next to be held 4 by November 2001); note - in July 1995 the term of the office of the president was amended to five years 2006)
election results: Arnoldo ALEMAN Lacayo (Liberal Alliance - ruling party Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (PLC) elected president - includes PLC, PALI, PLIUN, and PUCA) 51.03%, 56.3%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 37.75%, Guillermo OSORNO (PCCN) 4.10%, Noel VIDAURRE (PCN) 2.26%, Benjamin LANZAS (PRONAL) 0.53%, other (18 other candidates) 4.33% 42.3%, Alberto SABORIO (PC) 1.4%; Jose RIZO Castellon elected vice president
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
- chief of state:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002);
- Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002);
- Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held 4 November 2001 (next to be held by November 2006)
- election results:
- Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (PLC) elected president - 56.3%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 42.3%, Alberto SABORIO (PCN) 1.4%;
- Jose RIZO Castellon elected vice president
chief of state: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002); Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002); Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon (since 10 January 2002); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 4 November 2001 (next to be held by November 2006)
election results: Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (PLC) elected president - 56.3%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 42.3%, Alberto SABORIO (PC) (PCN) 1.4%; Jose RIZO Castellon elected vice president
- chief of state:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002);
- Vice President Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo (since 10 October 2005);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government;
- Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo was elected Vice President by the deputies of the National Assembly after Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon resigned on 27 September 2005
- head of government:
- President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002); Vice President Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo (since 10 October 2005)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
- election results:
- Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) elected president - 38.07%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE (ALN) 29%, Jose RIZO (PLC) 26.21%, Edmundo JARQUIN (MRS) 6.44%;
- note - ORTEGA will take office 10 January 2007
chief of state: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002); Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo (since 10 January 2002); October 2005); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government government; Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo was elected Vice President by the deputies of the National Assembly after Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon resigned on 27 September 2005
head of government: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (since 10 January 2002); Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo (since 10 January 2002); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government October 2005)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term; term (eligible for a second term); election last held 4 5 November 2001 2006 (next to be held by November 2006) 2011)
election results: Enrique BOLANOS Geyer (PLC) elected president - 56.3%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 42.3%, Alberto SABORIO (PCN) 1.4%; Jose RIZO Castellon elected vice president - 38.07%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE (ALN) 29%, Jose RIZO (PLC) 26.21%, Edmundo JARQUIN (MRS) 6.44%; note - ORTEGA will take office 10 January 2007
The same text in 2007 and 2008.
- chief of state:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive);
- election last held 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
- election results:
chief of state: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2002); 2007); Vice President Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 October 2005); January 2007); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo was elected Vice President by the deputies of the National Assembly after Vice President Jose RIZO Castellon resigned on 27 September 2005 government
head of government: President Enrique BOLANOS Geyer Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2002); 2007); Vice President Alfredo GOMEZ Urcuyo Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 October 2005) January 2007)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); term so long as it is not consecutive); election last held 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
election results: Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) elected president - 38.07%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE (ALN) 29%, Jose RIZO (PLC) 26.21%, Edmundo JARQUIN (MRS) 6.44%; note - ORTEGA will take office 10 January 2007 6.44%
- chief of state:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive);
- election last held 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
- election results:
chief of state:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive); election last held 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
election results:
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra elected president - 38.07%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE 29%, Jose RIZO 26.21%, Edmundo JARQUIN 6.44%
- chief of state:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive);
- election last held on 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
- election results:
chief of state:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive); election last held on 5 November 2006 (next to be held by November 2011)
election results:
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra elected president - 38.07%, 38.1%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE 29%, Jose RIZO 26.21%, 26.2%, Edmundo JARQUIN 6.44% 6.4%
- chief of state:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive);
- election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
- election results:
- Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%,
- Fabio GADEA 31%,
- Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%,
- other 0.6%
chief of state:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo (since 10 January 2007)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive); election last held on 5 6 November 2006 2011 (next to be held by November 2011) 2016)
election results:
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra elected president reelected president; percent of vote - 38.1%, Eduardo MONTEALEGRE 29%, Jose RIZO 26.2%, Edmundo JARQUIN 6.4% Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%, Fabio GADEA 31%, Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%, other 0.6%
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
- election results:
- Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%,
- Fabio GADEA 31%,
- Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%,
- other 0.6%
chief of state:
President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2007); 2012); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Jaime MORALES Carazo Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2007) 2012)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term so long as it is not consecutive); term; election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
election results:
Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; percent of vote - Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%, Fabio GADEA 31%, Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%, other 0.6%
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term;
- election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
- election results:
- Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%,
- Fabio GADEA 31%,
- Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%,
- other 0.6%
chief of state:
President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
election results:
Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra 62.5%, Fabio GADEA 31%, Arnoldo ALEMAN 5.9%, other 0.6%
The same text in 2015 and 2016.
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo (since 10 January 2012)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
- election results:
- Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 62.5%, Fabio GADEA Mantilla (PLI) 31%, Arnoldo ALEMAN (PLC) 5.9%, other 0.6%
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same
elections:ticket ballot by simple majority popular vote for a five-year term; 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2016)
election results:
The same text in 2017 and 2018.
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 6 November 2016 (next to be held by November 2021)
- election results:
- Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2012); 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Moises Omar HALLESLEVENS Acevedo Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2012) 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 November 2011 2016 (next to be held by November 2016) 2021)
election results: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 62.5%, Fabio GADEA Mantilla (PLI) 31%, Arnoldo ALEMAN 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 5.9%, 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 0.6% 3.7%
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014);
- election last held on 6 November 2016 (next to be held by November 2021)
- election results:
- Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); limits as of 2014); election last held on 6 November 2016 (next to be held by November 2021)
election results: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014);
- election last held on 6 November 2016 (next to be held on 7 November 2021)
- election results:
- Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); election last held on 6 November 2016 (next to be held by on 7 November 2021)
election results: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
The same text in 2021 and 2022.
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014);
- election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
- election results:
- 2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
- 2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); election last held on 6 7 November 2016 2021 (next to be held on 7 1 November 2021) 2026)
election results:
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president; president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007);
- Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
- election results:
- 2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
- 2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); limits); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
election results:
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits);
- election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
- election results:
- 2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
- 2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government 2007)
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007); Vice President Rosario MURILLO Zambrana (since 10 January 2017) 2007)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
election results:
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
- chief of state:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
- head of government:
- President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the president
- election/appointment process:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 6-year term (no term limits)
- most recent election date:
- 7 November 2021
- election results:
- 2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
- 2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term;
- percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
- expected date of next election:
- 1 November 2026
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
chief of state: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
head of government: President Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (since 10 January 2007)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year 6-year term (no term limits); limits)
most recent election last held on date: 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)
election results:
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%
2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%
expected date of next election: 1 November 2026
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Nicaragua: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/nicaragua/executive-branch.