Nigeria

total:

8.01 cu km/yr (21%/10%/69%)

per capita:

61 cu m/yr (2000)

• soil degradation;
• rapid deforestation;
• urban air and water pollution;
• desertification;
• oil pollution - water, air, and soil;
• has suffered serious damage from oil spills;
• loss of arable land;
• rapid urbanization

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

at birth:

1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.94 male(s)/female

total population:

1.04 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

noun:

Nigerian(s)

adjective:

Nigerian

• Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups;
• the following are the most populous and politically influential:
  • Hausa and Fulani 29%,
  • Yoruba 21%,
  • Igbo (Ibo) 18%,
  • Ijaw 10%,
  • Kanuri 4%,
  • Ibibio 3.5%,
  • Tiv 2.5%

conventional long form:

Federal Republic of Nigeria

conventional short form:

Nigeria

name:

Abuja

geographic coordinates:

9 05 N, 7 32 E

time difference:

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

chief of state:

• President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010);
• note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government;
• JONATHAN assumed the presidency on 5 May 2010 following the death of President YAR'ADUA, he was declared Acting President on 9 February 2010 by the National Assembly during the extended illness of the former president

head of government:

President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010)

cabinet:

Federal Executive Council; (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)

elections:

president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 April 2007 (next to be held on 22 January 2011)

election results:

Umaru Musa YAR'ADUA elected president; percent of vote - Umaru Musa YAR'ADUA 69.8%, Muhammadu BUHARI 18.7%, Atiku ABUBAKAR 7.5%, Orji Uzor KALU 1.7%, other 2.3%

• Supreme Court (judges recommended by the National Judicial Council and appointed by the president);
• Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government from a pool of judges recommended by the National Judicial Council)

• Accord Party [Augustine MAZIE, acting];
• Action Congress or AC [Bisi AKANDE];
• All Nigeria Peoples Party or ANPP [Edwin UME-EZEOKE];
• All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH];
• Alliance for Democracy or AD [Mojisoluwa AKINFENWA];
• Conference of Nigerian Political Parities or CNPP [Abdulkadir Balarabe MUSA];
• Democratic Peoples Party or DPP [Jeremiah USENI];
• Fresh Democratic Party [Chris OKOTIE];
• Labor Party [Dan NWANYANWU];
• National Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI];
• Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Vincent OGBULAFOR];
• Peoples Progressive Alliance [Larry ESIN]

• Academic Staff Union for Universities or ASUU;
• Campaign for Democracy or CD;
• Civil Liberties Organization or CLO;
• Committee for the Defense of Human Rights or CDHR;
• Constitutional Right Project or CRP;
• Human Right Africa;
• National Association of Democratic Lawyers or NADL;
• National Association of Nigerian Students or NANS;
• Nigerian Bar Association or NBA;
• Nigerian Labor Congress or NLC;
• Nigerian Medical Association or NMA;
• the press;
• Universal Defenders of Democracy or UDD

chief of mission:

Ambassador Adebowale Ibidapo ADEFUYE

chancery:

3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 986-8400

FAX:

[1] (202) 775-1385

consulate(s) general:

Atlanta, New York

chief of mission:

Ambassador Robin R. SANDERS

embassy:

1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja

mailing address:

P. O. Box 5760, Garki, Abuja

telephone:

[234] (9) 461-4000

FAX:

[234] (9) 461-4036

• three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green;
• the color green represents the forests and abundant natural wealth of the country, white stands for peace and unity

name:

"Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"

lyrics/music:

John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B. A. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P. O. ADERIBIGBE/Benedict Elide ODIASE

note: adopted 1978; the lyrics are a mixture of five of the top entries in a national contest

agriculture:

70%

industry:

10%

services:

20% (1999 est.)

lowest 10%:

2%

highest 10%:

32.4% (2004)

• cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber;
• cattle, sheep, goats, pigs;
• timber;
• fish

• crude oil, coal, tin, columbite;
• rubber products, wood;
• hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

general assessment:

further expansion and modernization of the fixed-line telephone network is needed; network quality remains a problem

domestic:

• the addition of a second fixed-line provider in 2002 resulted in faster growth but subscribership remains only about 1 per 100 persons;
• mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network;
• multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership reaching 50 per 100 persons in 2009

international:

• country code - 234;
• landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia;
• satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2009)

• nearly 70 federal-government-controlled national and regional TV stations;
• all 36 states operate TV stations;
• several private TV stations operational;
• cable and satellite TV subscription services are available;
• network of federal-government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations;
• roughly 40 state-government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts;
• about 20 private radio stations also operate;
• transmissions of international broadcasters are available (2007)

• condensate 26 km;
• gas 2,565 km;
• liquid petroleum gas 97 km;
• oil 3,424 km;
• refined products 4,090 km (2009)

total:

3,505 km

country comparison to the world: 49

narrow gauge:

3,505 km 1.067-m gauge (2008)

total:

193,200 km

country comparison to the world: 26

paved:

28,980 km

unpaved:

164,220 km (2004)

total:

98

country comparison to the world: 51

by type:

cargo 4, chemical tanker 30, liquefied gas 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 60, specialized tanker 1

foreign-owned:

4 (India 1, Spain 1, UK 2)

registered in other countries:

37 (Bahamas 2, Belize 2, Bermuda 11, Comoros 1, Italy 1, Liberia 4, Malaysia 1, Malta 1, North Korea 1, Panama 7, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Seychelles 1, unknown 4) (2010)

• the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships;
• numerous commercial vessels have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway;
• crews have been robbed and stores or cargoes stolen

males age 16-49:

36,203,921

females age 16-49:

34,409,821 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49:

20,298,351

females age 16-49:

19,355,456 (2010 est.)

male:

1,731,734

female:

1,652,632 (2010 est.)

• Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately cedes sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phase-out of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues;
• the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation;
• only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries

refugees (country of origin):

5,778 (Liberia)

IDPs:

undetermined (communal violence between Christians and Muslims since President OBASANJO's election in 1999; displacement is mostly short-term) (2007)

• a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets;
• consumer of amphetamines;
• safe haven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide;
• major money-laundering center;
• massive corruption and criminal activity;
• Nigeria has improved some anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and Territories List in June 2006;
• Nigeria's anti-money-laundering regime continues to be monitored by FATF