The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Europe
Telecommunication systems Poland, in 35 editions.
The entry for Poland published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 30 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 30
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Changed since 2023Published as “Telecommunications”
- stations--30 AM, 28 FM, 41 TV;
- 4 Soviet TV relays;
- 9,691,075 TV sets;
- 9,290,000 radio receivers;
- at least 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
stations--30 AM, 28 FM, 41 TV; 4 Soviet TV relays; 9,691,075 TV sets; 9,290,000 radio receivers; at least 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990);
- 3.1 million subscribers;
- exchanges are 86% automatic (February 1990);
- stations--29 AM, 29 FM, 37 (5 Soviet relays) TV;
- 9.6 million TVs
Rewritten: too little of the 1990 text remains to mark the changes.
phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990); 3.1 million subscribers; exchanges are 86% automatic (February 1990); stations--29 AM, 29 FM, 37 (5 Soviet relays) TV; 9.6 million TVs
Published as “Telecommunications”
- severely underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- cable, open wire and microwave;
- phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990);
- 3.1 million subscribers;
- exchanges are 86% automatic (February 1990);
- broadcast stations - 27 AM, 27 FM, 40 (5 Soviet repeaters) TV;
- 9.6 million TVs;
- 1 satellite earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT and Intersputnik
severely underdeveloped and outmoded system; cable, open wire and microwave;
phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990); 3.1 million
subscribers; exchanges are 86% automatic (February 1990); stations--29 broadcast stations
- 27 AM, 29 27 FM, 37 40 (5 Soviet relays) repeaters) TV; 9.6 million TVs TVs; 1 satellite
earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT and Intersputnik
Published as “Telecommunications”
- severely underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- cable, open wire and microwave;
- phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990);
- 3.6 million telephone subscribers;
- exchanges are 86% automatic (1991);
- broadcast stations - 27 AM, 27 FM, 40 (5 Soviet repeaters) TV;
- 9.6 million TVs;
- 1 satellite earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT and Intersputnik
severely underdeveloped and outmoded system; cable, open wire and microwave;
phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990); 3.1 3.6 million
telephone subscribers; exchanges are 86% automatic (February 1990); (1991); broadcast stations
stations - 27 AM, 27 FM, 40 (5 Soviet repeaters) TV; 9.6 million TVs; 1 satellite
satellite earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT and Intersputnik
Published as “Telecommunications”
- severely underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- cable, open wire and microwave;
- phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October 1990);
- 3.6 million telephone subscribers;
- exchanges are 86% automatic (1991);
- broadcast stations - 27 AM, 27 FM, 40 (5 Soviet repeaters) TV;
- 9.6 million TVs;
- 1 satellite earth station using INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT and Intersputnik
severely underdeveloped and outmoded system; cable, open wire and microwave;
microwave; phone density is 10.5 phones per 100 residents (October
1990); 3.6 million
(1991); broadcast
9.6 million TVs; 1
INMARSAT and Intersputnik
Published as “Telephone system”
- 4.9 million telephones;
- 12.7 phones/100 residents (1994);
- severely underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- exchanges are 86% automatic (1991)
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- cable, open wire, and microwave
- international:
- INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT, and Intersputnik earth stations
Rewritten: too little of the 1994 text remains to mark the changes.
4.9 million telephones; 12.7 phones/100 residents
(1994); severely underdeveloped and outmoded system; exchanges are 86%
automatic (1991)
local: NA
intercity: cable, open wire, and microwave
international: INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT, and Intersputnik earth
stations
Published as “Telephone system”
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aims to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay
- international:
- satellite earth stations - NA Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean Region)
Rewritten: too little of the 1995 text remains to mark the changes.
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government
aims to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay
international: satellite earth stations - NA Intelsat, NA Eutelsat,
1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik
(Atlantic Ocean Region)
Published as “Telephone system”
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aims to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay
- international:
- satellite earth stations - NA Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean Region)
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government
to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay
international: satellite earth stations - NA Intelsat, NA Eutelsat,
Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik
(Atlantic Ocean Region)
Published as “Telephone system”
- underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- government aims to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000;
- the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks
- international:
- satellite earth stations-2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean Region)
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aims
to have 10 million phones in service by the year 2000 2000; the process of
partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay relay; 3 cellular
networks
international: satellite earth stations - NA stations-2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 1 2
Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), and 1 Intersputnik
(Atlantic Ocean Region)
Published as “Telephone system”
- underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- government aims to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000;
- the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks
- international:
- satellite earth stations--2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aims
aims to have 10 million phones telephones in service by the year 2000; the process of
of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has
begun
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular
networks
international: satellite earth stations-2 stations--2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2
Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions), regions), and 1 Intersputnik
(Atlantic Ocean Region) region)
Published as “Telephone system”
- underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- government aims to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000;
- the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay;
- 3 cellular networks;
- local exchanges 56.6% digital
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
underdeveloped and outmoded system; government
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular
networks
international: satellite earth stations--2 stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- government aimed to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000;
- the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun;
- in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on the waiting list for telephone service domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay;
- 3 cellular networks;
- local exchanges 56.6% digital international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
general assessment: underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aims aimed to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000; the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begunbegun; in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on the waiting list for telephone service domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks; local exchanges 56.6% digital
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- underdeveloped and outmoded system;
- government aimed to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000;
- the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun;
- in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on the waiting list for telephone service
- domestic:
- cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay;
- 3 cellular networks;
- local exchanges 56.6% digital
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
general assessment: underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aimed to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000; the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun; in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on the waiting list for telephone service
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks; local exchanges 56.6% digital
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- underdeveloped and outmoded system in the process of being overhauled;
- partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly is underway;
- the long waiting list for main line telephone service has resulted in a boom in mobile cellular telephone use
- domestic:
- cable, open-wire, and microwave radio relay;
- 3 cellular networks;
- local exchanges 56.6% digital
- international:
- satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
general assessment: underdeveloped and outmoded system; government aimed to have 10 million telephones system in service by 2000; the process of being overhauled; partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly has begun; in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on is underway; the long waiting list for main line telephone service has resulted in a boom in mobile cellular telephone use
domestic: cable, open wire, open-wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks; local exchanges 56.6% digital
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- underdeveloped and outmoded system in the process of being overhauled;
- partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly is underway;
- the long waiting list for main line telephone service has resulted in a boom in mobile cellular telephone use
- domestic:
- cable, open-wire, and microwave radio relay;
- 3 cellular networks;
- local exchanges 56.6% digital
- international:
- country code - 48; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
general assessment: underdeveloped and outmoded system in the process of being overhauled; partial privatization of the state-owned telephone monopoly is underway; the long waiting list for main line telephone service has resulted in a boom in mobile cellular telephone use
domestic: cable, open-wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular networks; local exchanges 56.6% digital
international: country code - 48; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
- domestic:
- wireless service, available since 1993 (GSM service available since 1996) and provided by three nation-wide networks, has grown rapidly in response to the weak fixed-line coverage;
- third generation UMTS service available in urban areas;
- cellular coverage is generally good with more gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik)
Rewritten: too little of the 2005 text remains to mark the changes.
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
domestic: wireless service, available since 1993 (GSM service available since 1996) and provided by three nation-wide networks, has grown rapidly in response to the weak fixed-line coverage; third generation UMTS service available in urban areas; cellular coverage is generally good with more gaps in the east; fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
international: country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
- domestic:
- wireless service, available since 1993 (GSM service available since 1996) and provided by three nation-wide networks, has grown rapidly in response to the weak fixed-line coverage;
- third generation UMTS service available in urban areas;
- cellular coverage is generally good with more gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
domestic: wireless service, available since 1993 (GSM service available since 1996) and provided by three nation-wide networks, has grown rapidly in response to the weak fixed-line coverage; third generation UMTS service available in urban areas; cellular coverage is generally good with more gaps in the east; fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
international: country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat, with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik) Intersputnik
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006;
- cellular coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2007)
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
domestic: wireless service, available since 1993 (GSM mobile-cellular service available since 1996) 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks, has grown rapidly in response to the weak fixed-line coverage; third generation UMTS service available networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in urban areas; late 2006; cellular coverage is generally good with more some gaps in the east; fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
international: country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2007)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006;
- cellular coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2007)
general assessment:
modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony
domestic:
mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006; cellular coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
international:
country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2007)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006;
- coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2009)
general assessment:
modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market based competition finalized in 2003; market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in wireless telephony mobile-cellular services
domestic:
mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006; cellular coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; fixed-line service is growing slowly and still lags in rural areas
international:
country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2007) (2009)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006;
- coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik
general assessment:
modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
domestic:
mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006; coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; fixed-line service lags in rural areas
international:
country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2009)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006;
- coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2011)
general assessment:
modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
domestic:
mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by three nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006; coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; fixed-line service lags in rural areas
international:
country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2011)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
- domestic:
- mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by four nation-wide networks;
- coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2011)
general assessment:
domestic:three four nation-wide networks with a fourth provider beginning operations in late 2006; networks; coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; fixed-line service lags in rural areas
international:
The same text in 2016 and 2017.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- coverage is generally good;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2015)
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services
domestic: mobile-cellular service available since 1993 and provided by four several nation-wide networks; networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good with some gaps in the east; good; fixed-line service lags in rural areas
international: country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2011) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services (2015)
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- coverage is generally good;
- fixed-line service lags in rural areas (2015)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2015)
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services (2015)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line service lags in rural areas (2015)
international: country code - 48; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition;
- fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services;
- regulatory is framed by EU principles of competition;
- mobile penetration is above European average;
- 5G trials begin;
- LTE-B and VoWi-Fi technologies;
- launch of 1Gb/s cable services (2018)
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- coverage is generally good;
- fixed-line 24 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 130 per 100 persons (2018)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, dominated by the former state-owned company, is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services; regulatory is framed by EU principles of competition; mobile penetration is above European average; 5G trials begin; LTE-B and VoWi-Fi technologies; launch of 1Gb/s cable services (2015) (2018)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line 24 per 100 service lags in rural areas (2015) areas, mobile-cellular 130 per 100 persons (2018)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2015) (2019)
- general assessment:
- fixed-line service is dominated by the former state-owned company, yet it is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services;
- regulatory is framed by EU principles of competition;
- regulator measures have improved wholesale market access;
- rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service;
- mobile penetration is above European average;
- regulator to auction 700MHz spectrum of 5G services;
- good market competition (2020)
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- coverage is generally good;
- fixed-line 18 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 138 per 100 persons (2019)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: modernization of the telecommunications network has accelerated with market-based competition; fixed-line service, service is dominated by the former state-owned company, yet it is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services; regulatory is framed by EU principles of competition; regulator measures have improved wholesale market access; rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service; mobile penetration is above European average; 5G trials begin; LTE-B and VoWi-Fi technologies; launch regulator to auction 700MHz spectrum of 1Gb/s cable services (2018) 5G services; good market competition (2020)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line 24 18 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 130 138 per 100 persons (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- liberalized telecom market supported by market competition in broadband and mobile sectors ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure;
- rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service;
- mobile penetration is above European average;
- fixed broadband benefits from DSL infrastructure and investment in fiber through EU support;
- major importer of broadcasting equipment and accessories from Germany (2020)
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- coverage is generally good;
- fixed-line 18 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 138 per 100 persons (2019)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: fixed-line service is dominated by the former state-owned company, yet it is dwarfed by the growth in mobile-cellular services; regulatory is framed liberalized telecom market supported by EU principles of competition; regulator measures have improved wholesale market access; competition in broadband and mobile sectors ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service; mobile penetration is above European average; regulator to auction 700MHz spectrum fixed broadband benefits from DSL infrastructure and investment in fiber through EU support; major importer of 5G services; good market competition broadcasting equipment and accessories from Germany (2020)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line 18 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 138 per 100 persons (2019)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- the liberalized telecom market has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors;
- the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure;
- the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE networks and the development of mobile data services based on newly released and re-farmed spectrum;
- the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in a range of bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been suspended to later in 2021 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and legislative changes (2021)
- domestic:
- several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service;
- fixed-line roughly 15 per 100 (service lags in rural areas), mobile-cellular over 130 per 100 persons (2020)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: the liberalized telecom market supported by market competition has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors sectors; the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE networks and the development of mobile data service; mobile penetration is above European average; fixed broadband benefits from DSL infrastructure services based on newly released and investment re-farmed spectrum; the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in fiber through EU support; major importer a range of broadcasting equipment bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been suspended to later in 2021 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and accessories from Germany (2020) legislative changes (2021)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line 18 roughly 15 per 100 service (service lags in rural areas, areas), mobile-cellular 138 over 130 per 100 persons (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
- general assessment:
- the liberalized telecom market has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors;
- the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure;
- the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE and 5G networks, and the development of mobile data services based on newly released and re-farmed spectrum;
- the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in a range of bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been put back to later in 2023 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and changes to legislation (2021)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is 14 per 100 (service lags in rural areas), mobile-cellular is 132 per 100 persons (2021)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
general assessment: the liberalized telecom market has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors; the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE networks and 5G networks, and the development of mobile data services based on newly released and re-farmed spectrum; the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in a range of bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been suspended put back to later in 2021 2023 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and legislative changes to legislation (2021)
domestic: several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; fixed-line roughly 15 is 14 per 100 (service lags in rural areas), mobile-cellular over 130 is 132 per 100 persons (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
- general assessment:
- the liberalized telecom market has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors;
- the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure;
- the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE and 5G networks, and the development of mobile data services based on newly released and re-farmed spectrum;
- the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in a range of bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been put back to later in 2023 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and changes to legislation (2024)
- domestic:
- fixed-line is 13 per 100 (service lags in rural areas), mobile-cellular is 132 per 100 persons (2022)
- international:
- country code - 48;
- landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden;
- international direct dialing with automated exchanges;
- satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
general assessment: the liberalized telecom market has seen considerable development in the broadband and mobile sectors; the regulatory environment has encouraged market competition, partly by encouraging operators to secure spectrum and also by ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; the mobile market in recent years has been characterized by the rapid extension of LTE and 5G networks, and the development of mobile data services based on newly released and re-farmed spectrum; the regulator’s attempts to auction spectrum in a range of bands has been delayed, with spectrum in the 5G-suitable 3.4-3.8GHz range having been put back to later in 2023 as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak and changes to legislation (2021) (2024)
domestic: fixed-line is 14 13 per 100 (service lags in rural areas), mobile-cellular is 132 per 100 persons (2021) (2022)
international: country code - 48; landing points for the Baltica and the Denmark-Poland2 submarine cables connecting Poland, Denmark and Sweden; international direct dialing with automated exchanges; satellite earth station - 1 with access to Intelsat, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, and Intersputnik (2019)
No edition has those words. Try a shorter word.
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Poland: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/poland/telecommunication-systems.