The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 Africa
Telecommunication systems Rwanda, in 35 editions.
The entry for Rwanda published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023Published as “Telecommunications”
- fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali;
- 6,600 telephones;
- stations--2 AM, 5 FM, no TV;
- satellite earth stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali; 6,600 telephones; stations--2 AM, 5 FM, no TV; satellite earth stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
Published as “Telecommunications”
- fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali;
- 6,600 telephones;
- stations--2 AM, 5 FM, no TV;
- earth stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali; 6,600 telephones; stations--2 AM, 5 FM, no TV; satellite earth stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
The same text in 1992 and 1993.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali;
- broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 (7 repeaters) FM, no TV;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
fair system with low-capacity radio relay system centered on Kigali; 6,600 telephones; stations--2
broadcast stations - 2 AM, 5 1 (7 repeaters) FM, no TV; satellite earth stations--1
stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
Published as “Telecommunications”
- telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use;
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and high frequency radio;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE station in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- broadcast stations - 1 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is
intended for business and government use; the capital, Kigali, is
connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
the remainder of the network depends on wire and high frequency radio;
international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring
countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE
station in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); broadcast
stations - 1 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV
Published as “Telephone system”
NA telephones; telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and high frequency radio
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 SYMPHONIE earth station in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
NA telephones; telephone system does not provide
service to the general public but is
government use; use
local: NA
intercity: the capital, Kigali, is
prefectures by microwave radio relay;
depends on wire and high frequency radio; radio
international: international connections employ microwave radio relay
to neighboringcountries;satellite earth stations - countries; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 SYMPHONIE
Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); broadcast service)
stations - 1 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV
Published as “Telephone system”
telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
NA telephones; telephone system does not provide
general public but is intended for business andlocal: NA domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the
intercity:
prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder of the network
depends on wire and high frequency radio HF radiotelephone
international: international connections employ microwave radio relay
relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant
distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT Intelsat (Indian
Ocean) and 1 SYMPHONIE earth station in
Published as “Telephone system”
telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use
- domestic :
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
telephone system does not provide service to the
general public but is intended for business and government usedomestic: domestic : the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the
prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder of the network
depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: international connections employ microwave radio
to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more
countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian
Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations-1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
telephone system does not provide service to the
general public but is intended for business and government usedomestic : domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the
prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder of the network
depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: international connections employ microwave radio relay
to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant
countries; satellite earth stations - 1 stations-1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in
Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations--1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
telephone system does not provide service to the primarily serves business and
general public but is intended for
government use
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the
prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder of the network
depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: international connections employ microwave radio relay
relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant
distant countries; satellite earth stations-1 stations--1 Intelsat (Indian
Ocean) in
Published as “Telephone system”
telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
telephone system primarily serves business and
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the
international: international connections employ microwave radiostations--1 stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- telephone system primarily serves business and government domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay;
- the remainder of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone international: international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment: telephone system primarily serves business and government
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment: telephone system primarily serves business and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment: telephone system primarily serves business and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
The same text in 3 editions, 2005 to 2007.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment: telephone system primarily serves business and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density is only about 7 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density is only about 7 telephones per 100 persons
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density is only about 13 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment:
small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business and government
domestic:
the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density is only about 7 13 telephones per 100 persons
international:
country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to about 25 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment:
small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business business, education, and government
domestic:
the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density is only has increased to about 13 25 telephones per 100 persons
international:
country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
general assessment:
small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
domestic:
the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to about 25 and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
international:
country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2010)
general assessment:
small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
domestic:
the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
international:
country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2010)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2010)
general assessment:
domestic:the provincial centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
international:
The same text in 2016 and 2017.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 65 telephones per 100 persons
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2015)
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 65 telephones per 100 persons
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2010) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government (2017)
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 70 telephones per 100 persons (2017)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2017)
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government (2017)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 65 70 telephones per 100 persons (2017)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2015) (2017)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government;
- government carries out investment in smart city infrastructure;
- expands wholesale LTE services (2018)
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased 74 telephones per 100 persons (2018)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government; government (2017) carries out investment in smart city infrastructure; expands wholesale LTE services (2018)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 70 74 telephones per 100 persons (2017) (2018)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2017) service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
- general assessment:
- govt. invests in smart city infrastructure;
- expanding wholesale LTE services;
- govt. launches SIM card registration;
- growing economy and foreign aid help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty;
- slow to liberalize mobile sector;
- competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone that connects to submarine cables of neighboring countries ending expensive dependence on satellite (2020)
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to 76 telephones per 100 persons (2019)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government; government carries out investment govt. invests in smart city infrastructure; expands expanding wholesale LTE services (2018) services; govt. launches SIM card registration; growing economy and foreign aid help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty; slow to liberalize mobile sector; competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone that connects to submarine cables of neighboring countries ending expensive dependence on satellite (2020)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay and, recently, relay, and recently by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased 74 to 76 telephones per 100 persons (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- telecom market impacted by energy shortages and instability in neighboring states;
- government investing in smart city infrastructure;
- growing economy and foreign aid from South Korea help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty;
- expansion of LTE services;
- competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone through connection to submarine cables, ending expensive dependence on satellite;
- importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to 76 telephones per 100 persons (2019)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: govt. invests telecom market impacted by energy shortages and instability in neighboring states; government investing in smart city infrastructure; expanding wholesale LTE services; govt. launches SIM card registration; growing economy and foreign aid from South Korea help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty; slow to liberalize mobile sector; expansion of LTE services; competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone that connects through connection to submarine cables of neighboring countries cables, ending expensive dependence on satellite satellite; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to 76 telephones per 100 persons (2019)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- Rwanda was slow to liberalize the mobile sector;
- there was effective competition among three operators;
- the fixed broadband sector has suffered from limited fixed-line infrastructure and high prices;
- operators are rolling out national backbone networks which also allow them to connect to the international submarine cables on Africa’s east coast;
- these cables gave the entire region greater internet bandwidth and ended the dependency on satellites;
- while the country also has a new cable link with Tanzania, and via Tanzania’s national broadband backbone it has gained connectivity to the networks of several other countries in the region;
- the number of subscribers on LTE infrastructure has increased sharply, helped by national LTE coverage achieved in mid-2018;
- mobile remains the dominant platform for voice and data services;
- the regulator noted that the number of mobile subscribers increased 2.7% in 2021, year-on-year;
- there was a slight fall in the beginning of 2022 (2022)
- domestic:
- the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service;
- much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone;
- fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to nearly 82 telephones per 100 persons (2020)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: telecom market impacted by energy shortages and instability in neighboring states; government investing in smart city infrastructure; growing economy and foreign aid Rwanda was slow to liberalize the mobile sector; there was effective competition among three operators; the fixed broadband sector has suffered from South Korea help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty; expansion of LTE services; competing limited fixed-line infrastructure and high prices; operators roll are rolling out national fiber optic backbone through connection networks which also allow them to connect to the international submarine cables, ending expensive dependence cables on satellite; importer Africa’s east coast; these cables gave the entire region greater internet bandwidth and ended the dependency on satellites; while the country also has a new cable link with Tanzania, and via Tanzania’s national broadband backbone it has gained connectivity to the networks of broadcasting equipment from China (2020) several other countries in the region; the number of subscribers on LTE infrastructure has increased sharply, helped by national LTE coverage achieved in mid-2018; mobile remains the dominant platform for voice and data services; the regulator noted that the number of mobile subscribers increased 2.7% in 2021, year-on-year; there was a slight fall in the beginning of 2022 (2022)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to 76 nearly 82 telephones per 100 persons (2019) (2020)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- Rwanda was slow to liberalize the mobile sector;
- there was effective competition among three operators;
- the fixed broadband sector has suffered from limited fixed-line infrastructure and high prices;
- operators are rolling out national backbone networks which also allow them to connect to the international submarine cables on Africa’s east coast;
- these cables gave the entire region greater internet bandwidth and ended the dependency on satellites;
- while the country also has a new cable link with Tanzania, and via Tanzania’s national broadband backbone it has gained connectivity to the networks of several other countries in the region;
- the number of subscribers on LTE infrastructure has increased sharply, helped by national LTE coverage achieved in mid-2018;
- mobile remains the dominant platform for voice and data services;
- the regulator noted that the number of mobile subscribers increased 2.7% in 2021, year-on-year;
- there was a slight fall in the beginning of 2022 (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density is 81 telephones per 100 persons (2021)
- international:
- country code - 250;
- international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries;
- satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service);
- international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
general assessment: Rwanda was slow to liberalize the mobile sector; there was effective competition among three operators; the fixed broadband sector has suffered from limited fixed-line infrastructure and high prices; operators are rolling out national backbone networks which also allow them to connect to the international submarine cables on Africa’s east coast; these cables gave the entire region greater internet bandwidth and ended the dependency on satellites; while the country also has a new cable link with Tanzania, and via Tanzania’s national broadband backbone it has gained connectivity to the networks of several other countries in the region; the number of subscribers on LTE infrastructure has increased sharply, helped by national LTE coverage achieved in mid-2018; mobile remains the dominant platform for voice and data services; the regulator noted that the number of mobile subscribers increased 2.7% in 2021, year-on-year; there was a slight fall in the beginning of 2022 (2022)
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to nearly 82 is 81 telephones per 100 persons (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service); international submarine fiber-optic cables on the African east coast has brought international bandwidth and lessened the dependency on satellites
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Rwanda: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/rwanda/telecommunication-systems.