Military - note Somalia, in 7 editions.

Somali military forces are heavily engaged in operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist organization, including joint operations with the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) (AMISOM); AMISOM has operated in the country with the approval of the United Nations (UN) since 2007; AMISOM's peacekeeping mission includes assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; as of 2019, early 2020, AMISOM had more than 22,000 about 19,000 military troops and about 1,000 police personnel from six African countries deployed in Somalia; the next UN Security Council AMISOM mandate renewal debate is schedule for February 2021
in 2017, the Somali Government drafted a Somalia Transition Plan that called for the gradual transfer of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces by 2021
UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the Federal Government of Somalia to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community
the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM (2019)
the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military
the US and Turkey maintain separate unilateral military training missions in Somalia (2020)

Somali military as of late 2021, a significant portion of the country remained outside government control and under the control of the insurgent Islamist group al-Shabaab; al-Shabaab contested government control in some other areas (see Appendix T )
as of 2021, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces are heavily engaged that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab ("Lightning") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor ("Eagle") Special Division; in 2020, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist organization, including joint operations group; as of early 2021, it numbered about 1,000 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM); Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops AMISOM has operated in the country with the approval of the United Nations (UN) since 2007; AMISOM's peacekeeping mission includes assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; as of early 2020, 2021, AMISOM had about 19,000 20,000 military troops and about 1,000 police personnel from six African countries deployed in Somalia; in February 2021, the next UN Security Council AMISOM renewed AMISOM's mandate renewal debate is schedule for February until December 2021
(note - in 2017, the Somali Government drafted a Somalia Transition Plan that called for the gradual transfer of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces by 2021 2021)
UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the Federal Government of Somalia to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community
the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM
the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military
military; the US and Turkey maintain separate unilateral military training missions in Somalia (2020)

as of late 2021, a significant portion of 2022, the country remained outside government control Somali National Army (SNA) and under the control of supporting security and militia forces were actively conducting operations against the insurgent Islamist group al-Shabaab; al-Shabaab contested government control in some other areas terrorist group (see Appendix T )
as of 2021, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised ); al-Shabaab controlled large parts of militia forces that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, southern and overall capabilities for effective military operations; central Somalia
of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab ("Lightning") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor ("Eagle") Special Division; in 2020, as of 2022, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of early 2021, it numbered about 1,000 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 up to 5,000 trained troops; the Somali Government also sent some 5,000 recruits to Eritrea for military training; the troops AMISOM has returned in 2022
the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the United Nations (UN) since 2007; AMISOM's UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission includes included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; as of 2021, AMISOM had about 20,000 military troops from six African countries deployed in Somalia; in February 2021, the UN Security Council April 2022, AMISOM renewed AMISOM's mandate until December 2021 (note - was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in 2017, Somalia (ATMIS); the Somali ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government drafted (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a Somalia Transition Plan that called for comprehensive strategy developed by the gradual FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer of security responsibilities from AMISOM ATMIS to the Somali security forces forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of about 20,000 personnel (civilians, military, and police) to zero by 2021) the end of 2024
UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the Federal Government of Somalia FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community
community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, ATMIS, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force security forces on joint operations with AMISOM ATMIS
the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US US, UK, and Turkey maintain separate unilateral military training missions in Somalia (the US has also supported the SNA with air strikes); the UAE maintains a military presence in Somaliland (2022)

as of 2022, the Somali National Army (SNA) and supporting security and militia forces were are actively conducting operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T ); al-Shabaab controlled controls large parts of southern and central Somalia
of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were are assessed to be the US-trained Danab ("Lightning") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor ("Eagle") Special Division; as of 2022, the Danab Brigade numbered about 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have up to 5,000 trained troops; the Somali Government also has sent some 5,000 recruits thousands of troops to Eritrea and Uganda for military training; the troops returned training and in 2022 2023 announced plans to send additional personnel to Egypt and Ethiopia for training
the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in April 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of originally about 20,000 personnel 20,000-strong (civilians, military, and police) to zero by police), ATMIS began reducing its staffing levels in mid-2023; its planned departure from Somalia is the end of 2024
UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to ATMIS, UNSOM, and the Somali security forces on joint operations with ATMIS
the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US, UK, and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia (the US has also supported the SNA with air strikes); the UAE maintains a military presence in Somaliland (2022) (2023)

the Somali National Army (SNA) and supporting security and militia forces are actively conducting operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T ); group; al-Shabaab controls large parts of southern and central Somalia
of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the SNA is a lightly armed force of more than a dozen brigades; its most effective units are assessed to be the US-trained Danab ("Lightning") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor ("Eagle") Special Division; as of 2022, 2023, the Danab Brigade numbered about 1,500 2,000 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have up to 5,000 trained troops; the Somali Government has sent thousands of troops to Eritrea and Uganda for SNA soldiers have also received training and in 2023 announced plans to send additional personnel to Egypt from Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the EU, Uganda, and Ethiopia for training the UK
the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in April 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; originally about 20,000-strong (civilians, military, and police), ATMIS began reducing its staffing levels in mid-2023; its planned departure from Somalia it is slated to end its mission at the end of 2024 2024; the follow-on force for ATMIS will be the Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM)
UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to ATMIS, UNSOM, and the Somali security forces on joint operations with ATMIS
the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US, UK, and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia (the US has also supported the SNA with air strikes); the UAE maintains a military presence in Somaliland (2023) (2024)