The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Oceania
Judicial branch Tuvalu, in 36 editions.
The entry for Tuvalu published Judicial branch in 36 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 13 editions. Each is shown as published. Judicial branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 13
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Judicial branch” (1990 to 2025).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Same as 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- High Court Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Tupua LEUPENA (since 1 March 1986);
- Head of Government--Prime Minister Bikenibeu PAENIU (since 16 October 1989);
- Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Alesana SELUKA (since October 1989)
High Court Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Tupua LEUPENA (since 1 March 1986); Head of Government--Prime Minister Bikenibeu PAENIU (since 16 October 1989); Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Alesana SELUKA (since October 1989)
The same text in 5 editions, 1992 to 1996.
High Court
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
High Court
High Court; note - a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of the High Court
High Court; note - a chief justice visits twice a
year to preside over sessions of the High Court
- eight Island Courts;
- High Court;
- note-a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of the High Court
eight Island Courts; High Court; note - a note-a chief justice
visits twice a
- eight Island Courts;
- High Court;
- note--a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of the High Court
eight Island Courts; High Court; note-a note--a chief justice
justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of the High
Court
- eight Island Courts;
- High Court;
- note - a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of the High Court
eight Island Courts; High Court; note--a note - a chief
The same text in 12 editions, 2001 to 2012.
- High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of Appeal in Fiji);
- eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)
eight Island Courts; High Court; note - a Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over sessions of its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the High Court of Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
- highest court(s):
- Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year);
- High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions
- judge selection and term of office:
- chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition;
- justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice;
- the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70;
- puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- lands courts
Rewritten: too little of the 2012 text remains to mark the changes.
highest court(s):
Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year); High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions
judge selection and term of office:
chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70; puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts:
magistrates' courts; island courts; lands courts
- highest court(s):
- Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year);
- High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions
- judge selection and term of office:
- chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition;
- justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice;
- the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70;
- puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- lands courts
highest court(s):
judge selection and term of office:
subordinate courts:
- highest court(s):
- Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year);
- High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions
- judge selection and term of office:
- chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition;
- justices of the Court of Appeal and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice;
- the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70;
- puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- lands courts
highest court(s): Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year); High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; justices of the Court of Appeal, Appeal and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70; puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; island courts; lands courts
- highest court(s):
- Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges);
- High Court (consists of the chief justice);
- appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
- judge selection and term of office:
- Appeal Court judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- judges' tenure based on terms of appointment;
- High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- chief justice appointed for life;
- other judges appointed by the governor-general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice;
- tenure of judges set by terms of appointment
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- land courts
Rewritten: too little of the 2016 text remains to mark the changes.
highest court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
judge selection and term of office: Appeal Court judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; judges' tenure based on terms of appointment; High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; chief justice appointed for life; other judges appointed by the governor-general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice; tenure of judges set by terms of appointment
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; island courts; land courts
- highest courts:
- Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges);
- High Court (consists of the chief justice);
- appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
- judge selection and term of office:
- Appeal Court judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- judge tenure based on terms of appointment;
- High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- chief justice serves for life;
- other judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice;
- judge tenure set by terms of appointment
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- land courts
highest court(s): courts: Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
judge selection and term of office: Appeal Court judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; judges' judge tenure based on terms of appointment; High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; chief justice appointed serves for life; other judges appointed by the governor-general governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice; judge tenure of judges set by terms of appointment
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; island courts; land courts
The same text in 3 editions, 2019 to 2021.
- highest courts:
- Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges);
- High Court (consists of the chief justice);
- appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
- judge selection and term of office:
- Court of Appeal judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- judge tenure based on terms of appointment;
- High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- chief justice serves for life;
- other judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice;
- judge tenure set by terms of appointment
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- land courts
highest courts: Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
judge selection and term of office: Appeal Court of Appeal judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; judge tenure based on terms of appointment; High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; chief justice serves for life; other judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice; judge tenure set by terms of appointment
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; island courts; land courts
The same text in 4 editions, 2022 to 2025.
- highest court(s):
- Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges);
- High Court (consists of the chief justice);
- appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
- judge selection and term of office:
- Court of Appeal judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- judge tenure based on terms of appointment;
- High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet;
- chief justice serves for life;
- other judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice;
- judge tenure set by terms of appointment
- subordinate courts:
- magistrates' courts;
- island courts;
- land courts
highest courts: court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; judge tenure based on terms of appointment; High Court chief justice appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet; chief justice serves for life; other judges appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Cabinet after consultation with chief justice; judge tenure set by terms of appointment
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; island courts; land courts
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Tuvalu: Judicial branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/tuvalu/judicial-branch.