Bermuda

NAIndependence none (overseas territory of the UK)

Bermuda as the 1999 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 101 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalHamilton

Position32 20 N, 64 45 W

Area50 sq km

LocationNorth America, group of islands in the North Atlantic

Populationas each edition published it

62,472 people July 1999 est. · 58,337 in 1990

Population growth% a year

0.72% 1999 est. · 0.78% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 38.7 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

76.97 years 1999 est. · 75.03 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.71 children per woman 1999 est. · 1.7 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

9.27 deaths per 1,000 live births 1999 est. · 12 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

$30,000 1997 est. · $22,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

3% 1997 est. · -1.5% in 1993

Geography

North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic | Ocean, east of North Carolina (US)

18 fields

Land useshare of 50 sq km

arable land 6%forests and woodland 0%other 94% (1997 est.)permanent crops 0% in all · permanent pastures 0% in allnote: developed (55%) and rural/open space (39%) comprise 94% of Bermudian land area

Area

50sq km

land: 50 sq kmwater: 0 sq kmabout 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Coastline

103km

land boundaries: 0 kmexclusive fishing zone: 200 nmterritorial sea: 12 nm

Highest point

76m

Town Hilllowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Location

North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US)

Climate

subtropical;
mild, humid;
gales, strong winds common in winter

Terrain

low hills separated by fertile depressions

Natural resources

limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

Environment--current issues

asbestos disposal;
water pollution;
preservation of open space

Environment--international agreements

party to:: NA
signed, but not ratified:: NA

Geography--note

consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes;
some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995

People

15 fields

Population

62,472

(July 1999 est.)growth rate: 0.72% (1999 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1999 est.)

Birth

11.83Death

7.27Net migration

2.67

Male · female

TotalMale · femaleLife expectancy years (1999 est.)76.97

75.19 · 78.83

TotalMale · femaleLiteracy (1970 est.)98%

98% · 99%

MaleFemaleLiteracy definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Religions(1991)

Anglican 28%Roman Catholic 15%African Methodist Episcopal (Zion) 12%Seventh-Day Adventist 6%Methodist 5%other 34% (1991)

Age structure

0-14 years:: 20% (male 6,174; female 6,023)
15-64 years:: 70% (male 21,479; female 22,041)
65 years and over:: 10% (male 2,897; female 3,858) (1999 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth:: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years:: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years:: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over:: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population:: 0.96 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

Infant mortality rate

9.27 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

Nationality

noun:: Bermudian(s)
adjective:: Bermudian

Government

NA; Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997); Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)

20 fields

Presidential electionpercent of vote

54%

-PLP 54%UBP 44%NLP 1%independents 1%last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)

Legislature, 40 seats, elected 9 November 1998one dot, one seat

-PLP 26UBP 14

Percent of vote

-PLP 54%UBP 44%NLP 1%independents 1%

Country name

conventional long form:: none
conventional short form:: Bermuda

Administrative divisions

9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick

Executive branch

chief of state:: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)
head of government:: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)
cabinet:: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor
elections:: none;
the monarch is hereditary;
governor appointed by the monarch;
premier appointed by the governor

Legislative branch

bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:: last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)
election results:: percent of vote by party--PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party--PLP 26, UBP 14

Political pressure groups and leaders

Bermuda Industrial Union

International organization participation

Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission:: Consul General Robert A. FARMER
consulate(s) general:: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton
mailing address:: P.O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300

red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and blue shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag

Economy

31 fields

GDP per capita, PPP

$30,000

purchasing power parity? · (1997 est.)

Real growth rate

(1997 est.)industrial production growth: NA%

Inflation, consumer prices

2.1%

(1997)

Unemployment rate

1995

NEGL% ( · )

Trading partnersexports left, imports right

73%

50%

Netherlands

13%

Brazil

Canada

Exports $57 million (1997)Imports $617 million (1997)(1996) · (1996 est.)

Budget

Revenues

$504.6 millionExpenditures

$537 million

expenditures including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98)

Electricity

fossil fuel 100%hydro 0% · nuclear 0% · other 0%

Electricity production

480 million (1996)Electricity consumption

480 million (1996)

Economy--overview

Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America.

The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms.

GDP

purchasing power parity--$1.9 billion (1997 est.)

GDP--composition by sector

agriculture:: NA%
industry:: NA%
services:: NA%

Population below poverty line

NA%

Labor force

35,296 (1997)

Labor force--by occupation

clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996)

Industries

tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing

Agriculture--products

bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products

Exports

$57 million (1997)

Exports--commodities

reexports of pharmaceuticals

Imports

$617 million (1997)

Imports--commodities

miscellaneous manufactured articles, machinery and transport equipment, food and live animals, chemicals

Debt--external

$NA

Economic aid--recipient

$27.9 million (1995)

Currency

1 Bermudian dollar (Bd$) = 100 cents

Exchange rates

Bermudian dollar (Bd$) per US$1--1.0000 (fixed rate)

Fiscal year

1 April--31 March

Communications

6 fields

Fixed lines

54,000

(1991 est.)

Telephone system

domestic:: modern, fully automatic telephone system
international:: 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations--3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Radio broadcast stations

AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 0

Radios

78,000 (1992 est.)

Television broadcast stations

3 (1997)

Televisions

57,000 (1992 est.)

Transportation

6 fields

Merchant marine, 97 ships by typeone square, one ship · ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,647,576 GRT/7,612,686 DWT

bulk 18cargo 3chemical tanker 1container 20liquefied gas tanker 7oil tanker 27refrigerated cargo 15roll-on/roll-off cargo 4short-sea passenger 2note: a flag of convenience registry; includes ships from 11 countries among which are UK 24, Canada 12, Hong Kong 11, US 11, Nigeria 4, Sweden 4, Norway 3, and Switzerland 2 (1998 est.)

Networkskm

Highways

225Railways

Highways: paved: 225 km · unpaved: 0 km (1997 est.) note: in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned

Highways

total:: 225 km
paved:: 225 km
unpaved:: 0 km (1997 est.)

note: in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned

Military

Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, | Bermuda Reserve Constabulary

4 fields

Transnational Issues

1 field

Disputes--international

none

Central Intelligence Agency. “Bermuda.” The World Factbook 1999. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/bermuda/1999.

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