Croatia

• Mediterranean and continental;
• continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters;
• mild winters, dry summers along coast

• air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests;
• coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste;
• widespread casualties and destruction of infrastructure in border areas affected by civil strife

party to:

Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification

0-14 years:

17% (male 411,022; female 389,354)

15-64 years:

68% (male 1,591,716; female 1,592,485)

65 years and over:

15% (male 262,471; female 424,536) (July 1998 est.)

at birth:

1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.61 male(s)/female (1998 est.)

noun:

Croat(s)

adjective:

Croatian

conventional long form:

Republic of Croatia

conventional short form:

Croatia

local long form:

Republika Hrvatska

local short form:

Hrvatska

chief of state:

President Franjo TUDJMAN (since 30 May 1990)

head of government:

• Prime Minister Zlatko MATESA (since 7 November 1995);
• Deputy Prime Ministers Mate GRANIC (since 8 September 1992), Ivica KOSTOVIC (since 14 October 1993), Jure RADIC (since NA October 1994), Borislav SKEGRO (since 3 April 1993), and Ljerka MINTAS-HODAK (since November 1995)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
• election last held 15 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002);
• prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president

election results:

President Franjo TUDJMAN reelected; percent of vote-Franjo TUDJMAN 61%, Zdravko TOMAC 21%, Vlado GOTOVAC 18%

• Supreme Court, judges appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the Republic, which is elected by the House of Representatives;
• Constitutional Court, judges appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the Republic, which is elected by the House of Representatives

• Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Franjo TUDJMAN, president];
• Croatian Democratic Independents or HND [Stjepan MESIC, president];
• Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Drazen BUDISA, president];
• Liberal Party or LP [Vlado GOTOVAC, president];
• Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Ivica RACAN];
• Croatian Party of Rights or HSP [Anto DJAPIC];
• Croatian Party of Rights 1861 or HSP 1861 [Dobrislav PARAGA];
• Croatian Peasants' Party or HSS [Zlatko TOMCIC];
• Croatian People's Party or HNS [Radimir CACIC, president];
• Serbian National Party or SNS [Milan DJUKIC];
• Action of the Social Democrats of Croatia or ASH [Silvije DEGEN];
• Croatian Christian Democratic Union or HKDU [Marko VESELICA, president];
• Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC];
• Slanvonsko-Baranja Croatian Party or SBHS [Damir JURIC];
• Primorje Gorski Kotar Alliance;
• Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC];
• Party of Democratic Action or SDA [Semso TANKOVIC]

chief of mission:

Ambassador Miomir ZUZUL

chancery:

2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 588-5899

chief of mission:

Ambassador William D. MONTGOMERY

embassy:

Andrije Hebranga 2, Zagreb

mailing address:

use street address

telephone:

[385] (1) 455-55-00

total:

1.444 million (1995)

by occupation:

industry and mining 31.1%, agriculture 4.3%, government 19.1% (including education and health), other 45.5% (1993)

total value:

$4.3 billion (f.o.b., 1997)

commodities:

machinery and transport equipment 13.6%, miscellaneous manufactures 27.6%, chemicals 14.2%, food and live animals 12.2%, raw materials 6.1%, fuels and lubricants 9.4%, beverages and tobacco 2.7% (1993)

partners:

Germany 22%, Italy 21%, Slovenia 18% (1994)

total value:

$9.1 billion (c.i.f., 1997)

commodities:

machinery and transport equipment 23.1%, fuels and lubricants 8.8%, food and live animals 9.0%, chemicals 14.2%, miscellaneous manufactured articles 16.0%, raw materials 3.5%, beverages and tobacco 1.4% (1993)

partners:

Germany 21%, Italy 19%, Slovenia 10% (1994)

domestic:

NA

international:

no satellite earth stations

total:

1,907 km

standard gauge:

1,907 km 1.435-m gauge (769 km electrified)

note: some lines remain inoperative or not in use; disrupted by territorial dispute (1997)

total:

27,247 km

paved:

22,206 km (including 318 km of expressways)

unpaved:

5,041 km (1996 est.)

• crude oil 670 km;
• petroleum products 20 km;
• natural gas 310 km (1992);
• note-under repair following territorial dispute

• Eastern Slavonia, which was held by ethnic Serbs during the ethnic conflict, was returned to Croatian control by the UN Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia on 15 January 1998;
• Croatia and Italy made progress toward resolving a bilateral issue dating from WWII over property and ethnic minority rights;
• significant progress has been made with Slovenia toward resolving a maritime border dispute over direct access to the sea in the Adriatic;
• Serbia and Montenegro is disputing Croatia's claim to the Prevlaka Peninsula in southern Croatia because it controls the entrance to Boka Kotorska in Montenegro;
• Prevlaka is currently under observation by the UN military observer mission in Prevlaka (UNMOP)

• transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe;
• a minor transit point for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe CUBA