The CIA World Factbook Edition 2016 People and Society

Population distribution In 10 editions of 36.

Population distribution was published in 10 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 2016 to 2025. The 2016 edition carries it in 138 entries, in its People and Society section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 2016 edition
138
the first edition with it
2016
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Population distribution” (2016 to 2025) and “Population - distribution” (2016 to 2017).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Population distribution, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Population distribution in each edition

19902000201020202025

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Africa

12 entries

Algeria

Published as “Population - distribution”

the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast

Published as “Population distribution”

the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast

Cabo Verde

Published as “Population - distribution”

Among the nine inhabited islands, population distribution is variable. Islands in the east are very dry and are only sparsely settled to exploit their extensive salt deposits. The more southerly islands receive more precipitation and support larger populations, but agriculture and livestock grazing have damaged the soil fertility and vegetation.

Published as “Population distribution”

Among the nine inhabited islands, population distribution is variable. Islands in the east are very dry and are only sparsely settled to exploit their extensive salt deposits. The more southerly islands receive more precipitation and support larger populations, but agriculture and livestock grazing have damaged the soil fertility and vegetation.

Chad

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography;
  • the highest density is found in the southwest, particularly around Lake Chad and points south;
  • the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography;
  • the highest density is found in the southwest, particularly around Lake Chad and points south;
  • the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated

Egypt

Published as “Population - distribution”

approximately 95% of the population lives within 20 km of the Nile River and its delta; vast areas of the country remain sparsely populated or uninhabited

Published as “Population distribution”

approximately 95% of the population lives within 20 km of the Nile River and its delta; vast areas of the country remain sparsely populated or uninhabited

Libya

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • well over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between the western city of Az Zawiyah (just west of Tripoli) and the eastern city of Darnah;
  • the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and lack of surface water

Published as “Population distribution”

  • well over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between the western city of Az Zawiyah (just west of Tripoli) and the eastern city of Darnah;
  • the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and lack of surface water

Mali

Published as “Population - distribution”

the overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country, with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso

Published as “Population distribution”

the overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country, with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso

Mauritania

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • with most of the country being a desert, vast areas of the country, particularly in the central, northern, and eastern areas, are without sizeable population clusters;
  • half the population lives in or around the coastal capital of Nouakchott;
  • smaller clusters are found near the southern border with Mali and Senegal

Published as “Population distribution”

  • with most of the country being a desert, vast areas of the country, particularly in the central, northern, and eastern areas, are without sizeable population clusters;
  • half the population lives in or around the coastal capital of Nouakchott;
  • smaller clusters are found near the southern border with Mali and Senegal

Morocco

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts;
  • a number of densely populated agglomerations are found scattered through the Atlas Mountains

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts;
  • a number of densely populated agglomerations are found scattered through the Atlas Mountains

Niger

Published as “Population - distribution”

majority of the populace is located in the southernmost extreme of the country along the border with Nigeria and Benin

Published as “Population distribution”

majority of the populace is located in the southernmost extreme of the country along the border with Nigeria and Benin

Sudan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • with the exception of a ribbon of settlement that corresponds to the banks of the Nile, northern Sudan, which extends into the dry Sahara, is sparsely populated;
  • more abundant vegetation and broader access to water increases population distribution in the south extending habitable range along nearly the entire border with South Sudan;
  • sizeable areas of population are found around Khartoum, southeast between the Blue and White Nile Rivers, and througout South Darfur

Published as “Population distribution”

  • with the exception of a ribbon of settlement that corresponds to the banks of the Nile, northern Sudan, which extends into the dry Sahara, is sparsely populated;
  • more abundant vegetation and broader access to water increases population distribution in the south extending habitable range along nearly the entire border with South Sudan;
  • sizeable areas of population are found around Khartoum, southeast between the Blue and White Nile Rivers, and througout South Darfur

Tunisia

Published as “Population - distribution”

the overwhelming majority of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the south remains largely underpopulated

Published as “Population distribution”

the overwhelming majority of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the south remains largely underpopulated

Western Sahara

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population lives in the two-thirds of the area west of the berm (Moroccan-occupied) that divides the territory;
  • about 40% of that populace resides in Laayoune

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population lives in the two-thirds of the area west of the berm (Moroccan-occupied) that divides the territory;
  • about 40% of that populace resides in Laayoune

Arctic Region

3 entries

Greenland

Published as “Population - distribution”

settlement concentrated on the southwest shoreline, with limited settlements scattered along the remaining coast; interior is uninhabited

Published as “Population distribution”

settlement concentrated on the southwest shoreline, with limited settlements scattered along the remaining coast; interior is uninhabited

Iceland

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • Iceland is almost entirely urban with half of the population located in and around the capital of Reykjavik;
  • smaller agglomerations are primarily found along the coast in the north and west

Published as “Population distribution”

  • Iceland is almost entirely urban with half of the population located in and around the capital of Reykjavik;
  • smaller agglomerations are primarily found along the coast in the north and west

Svalbard

Published as “Population - distribution”

the small population is primarily concentrated on the island of Spitsbergen in a handful of settlements on the south side of the Isfjorden, with Longyearbyen being the largest

Published as “Population distribution”

the small population is primarily concentrated on the island of Spitsbergen in a handful of settlements on the south side of the Isfjorden, with Longyearbyen being the largest

Asia

11 entries

Afghanistan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • populations tend to cluster in the foothills and periphery of the rugged Hindu Kush range;
  • smaller groups are found in many of the country's interior valleys;
  • in general, the east is more densely settled while the south is sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • populations tend to cluster in the foothills and periphery of the rugged Hindu Kush range;
  • smaller groups are found in many of the country's interior valleys;
  • in general, the east is more densely settled while the south is sparsely populated

Armenia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population is located in the northern half of the country;
  • the capital of Yerevan is home to more than three times as many people as the second largest city in the country

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population is located in the northern half of the country;
  • the capital of Yerevan is home to more than three times as many people as the second largest city in the country

Azerbaijan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku;
  • apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly evenly distributed population

Published as “Population distribution”

  • highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku;
  • apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly evenly distributed population

Georgia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • settlement coincides closely to the central valley, with emphasis on the capital city of Tbilisi in the east;
  • smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest

Published as “Population distribution”

  • settlement coincides closely to the central valley, with emphasis on the capital city of Tbilisi in the east;
  • smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest

Kazakhstan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the country displays a low population density, particularly the interior;
  • population clusters appear in urban agglomerations in the far northern and southern portions of the country

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the country displays a low population density, particularly the interior;
  • population clusters appear in urban agglomerations in the far northern and southern portions of the country

Kyrgyzstan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas;
  • densest population settlement is to the north in and around Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west;
  • the least densely populated area is the east, southeast in the Tien Shan mountains

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas;
  • densest population settlement is to the north in and around Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west;
  • the least densely populated area is the east, southeast in the Tien Shan mountains

Pakistan

Published as “Population - distribution”

the Indus River and its tributaries attract most of the settlement, with Punjab province the most densely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

the Indus River and its tributaries attract most of the settlement, with Punjab province the most densely populated

Russia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated in the westernmost fifth of the country extending from the Baltic Sea, south to the Caspian Sea, and eastward parallel to the Kazakh border;
  • elsewhere, sizeable pockets are isolated and generally found in the south

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated in the westernmost fifth of the country extending from the Baltic Sea, south to the Caspian Sea, and eastward parallel to the Kazakh border;
  • elsewhere, sizeable pockets are isolated and generally found in the south

Tajikistan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the country's population is concentrated at lower elevations, with perhaps as much as 90% of the people living in valleys;
  • overall density increases from east to west

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the country's population is concentrated at lower elevations, with perhaps as much as 90% of the people living in valleys;
  • overall density increases from east to west

Turkmenistan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the most densly populated areas are the southern, eastern, and northeastern oases;
  • approximately 50% of the population lives in and around the capital of Ashgabat

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the most densly populated areas are the southern, eastern, and northeastern oases;
  • approximately 50% of the population lives in and around the capital of Ashgabat

Uzbekistan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population is concentrated in the fertile Fergana Valley in the easternmost arm of the country;
  • the south has significant clusters of people, while the central and western deserts are sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population is concentrated in the fertile Fergana Valley in the easternmost arm of the country;
  • the south has significant clusters of people, while the central and western deserts are sparsely populated

Central America and the Caribbean

32 entries

Anguilla

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island;
  • settlmement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island;
  • settlmement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast

Antigua And Barbuda now Antigua and Barbuda

Published as “Population - distribution”

the island of Antigua is home to approximately 97% of the population; nearly the entire population of Barbuda lives in Codrington

Published as “Population distribution”

the island of Antigua is home to approximately 97% of the population; nearly the entire population of Barbuda lives in Codrington

Aruba

Published as “Population - distribution”

most residents live in or around Oranjestad and San Nicolaas; most settlments tend to be located on the less mountainous western side of the island

Published as “Population distribution”

most residents live in or around Oranjestad and San Nicolaas; most settlments tend to be located on the less mountainous western side of the island

Bahamas, The now The Bahamas

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population lives in urban areas, with two-thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population lives in urban areas, with two-thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located

Barbados

Published as “Population - distribution”

most densely populated country in the eastern Caribbean; approximately one-third live in urban areas

Published as “Population distribution”

most densely populated country in the eastern Caribbean; approximately one-third live in urban areas

Belize

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • approximately 25 to 30% of the population lives in the former capital, Belize City;
  • over half of the overall population is rural;
  • population density is slightly higher in the north and east

Published as “Population distribution”

  • approximately 25 to 30% of the population lives in the former capital, Belize City;
  • over half of the overall population is rural;
  • population density is slightly higher in the north and east

British Virgin Islands

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout the inhabited islands, with the largest islands of Tortola, Anegada, Virgin Gorda, and Jost Van Dyke having the largest populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout the inhabited islands, with the largest islands of Tortola, Anegada, Virgin Gorda, and Jost Van Dyke having the largest populations

Cayman Islands

Published as “Population - distribution”

majority of the population resides on Grand Cayman

Published as “Population distribution”

majority of the population resides on Grand Cayman

Costa Rica

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas;
  • the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one-fifth of the population

Published as “Population distribution”

  • roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas;
  • the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one-fifth of the population

Cuba

Published as “Population - distribution”

large population clusters found throughout the country, the more significant ones being in the larger towns and cities, particularly the capital of Havana

Published as “Population distribution”

large population clusters found throughout the country, the more significant ones being in the larger towns and cities, particularly the capital of Havana

Curacao

Published as “Population - distribution”

largest concentration on the island is Willemstad; smaller settlements near the coast can be found throughout the island, particularly in the northwest

Published as “Population distribution”

largest concentration on the island is Willemstad; smaller settlements near the coast can be found throughout the island, particularly in the northwest

Dominica

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is mosly clustered along the coast, with roughly a third living in the parish of St. George, in or around the capital of Roseau;
  • the volcanic interior is sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is mosly clustered along the coast, with roughly a third living in the parish of St. George, in or around the capital of Roseau;
  • the volcanic interior is sparsely populated

Dominican Republic

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • coastal development is significant, especially in the southern coastal plains and the Cibao Valley, where population density is highest;
  • smaller population clusters exist in the interior mountains (Cordillera Central)

Published as “Population distribution”

  • coastal development is significant, especially in the southern coastal plains and the Cibao Valley, where population density is highest;
  • smaller population clusters exist in the interior mountains (Cordillera Central)

El Salvador

  • athough it is the smallest country in land area in Central America, El Salvador has a population that is 18 times larger than Belize;
  • at least 20% of the population lives abroad;
  • high population density country-wide, with particular concentration around the capital of San Salvador

Grenada

Published as “Population - distribution”

approximately one-third of the population is found in the capital of St. George's; the island's population is concentrated along the coast

Published as “Population distribution”

approximately one-third of the population is found in the capital of St. George's; the island's population is concentrated along the coast

Guatemala

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the vast majority of the populace resides in the southern half of the country, particularly in the mountainous regions;
  • more than half of the population lives in rural areas

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the vast majority of the populace resides in the southern half of the country, particularly in the mountainous regions;
  • more than half of the population lives in rural areas

Haiti

Published as “Population - distribution”

fairly even distribution; largest concentrations located near coastal areas

Published as “Population distribution”

fairly even distribution; largest concentrations located near coastal areas

Honduras

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country;
  • unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula;
  • the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country;
  • unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula;
  • the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area

Jamaica

Published as “Population - distribution”

population density is high throughout, but increases in and around Kingston, Montego Bay, and Port Esquivel

Published as “Population distribution”

population density is high throughout, but increases in and around Kingston, Montego Bay, and Port Esquivel

Montserrat

Published as “Population - distribution”

only the northern half of the island is populated, the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity

Published as “Population distribution”

only the northern half of the island is populated, the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity

Nicaragua

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the overwhelming majority of the population resides in the western half of the country, with much of the urban growth centered in the capital city of Managua;
  • coastal areas also show large population clusters

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the overwhelming majority of the population resides in the western half of the country, with much of the urban growth centered in the capital city of Managua;
  • coastal areas also show large population clusters

Panama

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is concentrated towards the center of the country, particularly around the Canal, but a sizeable segment of the populace also lives in the far west around David;
  • the eastern third of the country is sparsely inhabited

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is concentrated towards the center of the country, particularly around the Canal, but a sizeable segment of the populace also lives in the far west around David;
  • the eastern third of the country is sparsely inhabited

Puerto Rico

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population clusters tend to be found along the coast, the largest of these is found in and around San Juan;
  • an exception to this is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas;
  • most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is light

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population clusters tend to be found along the coast, the largest of these is found in and around San Juan;
  • an exception to this is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas;
  • most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is light

Saint Barthelemy

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the populace concentrated in and around the capital of Gustavia, but scattered settlements exist around the island periphery

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the populace concentrated in and around the capital of Gustavia, but scattered settlements exist around the island periphery

Saint Kitts And Nevis now Saint Kitts and Nevis

Published as “Population - distribution”

population clusters are found in the small towns located on the periphery of both islands

Published as “Population distribution”

population clusters are found in the small towns located on the periphery of both islands

Saint Lucia

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is found on the periphery of the island, with a larger concentration in the north around the capital of Castries

Saint Martin

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is found along the coast, with a largest concentrations around Marigot, Orleans, and Grand-Case

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is found along the coast, with a largest concentrations around Marigot, Orleans, and Grand-Case

Saint Vincent And The Grenadines now Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is concentrated in and around Kingstown

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is concentrated in and around Kingstown

Sint Maarten

Published as “Population - distribution”

most populous areas are Lower Prince's Quarter (north of Philipsburg), followed closely by Cul de Sac

Published as “Population distribution”

most populous areas are Lower Prince's Quarter (north of Philipsburg), followed closely by Cul de Sac

Trinidad And Tobago now Trinidad and Tobago

Published as “Population - distribution”

population on Trinidad concentrated in the western half of the island; on Tobago in the southern half

Published as “Population distribution”

population on Trinidad is concentrated in the western half of the island, on Tobago in the southern half

Turks And Caicos Islands now Turks and Caicos Islands

Published as “Population - distribution”

eight of the thirty islands are inhabited; the island of Providenciales is the most populated, but the most densely populated is Grand Turk

Published as “Population distribution”

eight of the thirty islands are inhabited; the island of Providenciales is the most populated, but the most densely populated is Grand Turk

Virgin Islands

Published as “Population - distribution”

while overall population density throughout the islands is relatively low, concentrations appear around Charlotte Amalie on St. Thomas and Christiansted on St. Croix

Published as “Population distribution”

while overall population density throughout the islands is relatively low, concentrations appear around Charlotte Amalie on St. Thomas and Christiansted on St. Croix

Europe

45 entries

Albania

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country

Andorra

Published as “Population - distribution”

population is unevenly distributed and is concentrated in the 7 urbanized valleys that make up the country's parishes (political administrative divisions)

Published as “Population distribution”

population is unevenly distributed and is concentrated in the 7 urbanized valleys that make up the country's parishes (political administrative divisions)

Austria

Published as “Population - distribution”

the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two-thirds of the populace lives in urban areas

Published as “Population distribution”

the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two-thirds of the populace lives in urban areas

Belarus

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Belgium

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population concentrated in the northern two-thirds of the country;
  • the southeast is more thinly populated;
  • considered to have one of the highest population densities in the world;
  • approximately 97% live in urban areas

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population concentrated in the northern two-thirds of the country;
  • the southeast is more thinly populated;
  • considered to have one of the highest population densities in the world;
  • approximately 97% live in urban areas

Bosnia And Herzegovina now Bosnia and Herzegovina

Published as “Population - distribution”

the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated

Bulgaria

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger populations

Croatia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb;
  • many of the islands are sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb;
  • many of the islands are sparsely populated

Czechia

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, but the northern and eastern regions tend to have larger urban concentrations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, but the northern and eastern regions tend to have larger urban concentrations

Denmark

Published as “Population - distribution”

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

Published as “Population distribution”

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

Estonia

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

European Union

Published as “Population - distribution”

population distribution varies considerably from country to country, but tends to follow a pattern of coastal and river settlement, with urban agglomerations forming large hubs facilitating large scale housing, industry, and commerce

Published as “Population distribution”

population distribution varies considerably from country to country, but tends to follow a pattern of coastal and river settlement, with urban agglomerations forming large hubs facilitating large scale housing, industry, and commerce

Faroe Islands

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the island of Streymoy is by far the most populous with over 40% of the population;
  • it has approximately twice as many inhabitants as Eysturoy, the second most populous island;
  • seven of the inhabited islands have less than 100 people

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the island of Streymoy is by far the most populous with over 40% of the population;
  • it has approximately twice as many inhabitants as Eysturoy, the second most populous island;
  • seven of the inhabited islands have less than 100 people

Finland

Published as “Population - distribution”

the vast majority of people are found in the south; the northern interior areas remain sparsely poplulated

Published as “Population distribution”

the vast majority of people are found in the south; the northern interior areas remain sparsely poplulated

France

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast;
  • although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second

Published as “Population distribution”

  • much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast;
  • although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second

Germany

Published as “Population - distribution”

most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia

Published as “Population distribution”

most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia

Greece

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens;
  • the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable pockets of urban agglomeration

Published as “Population distribution”

  • one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens;
  • the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable pockets of urban agglomeration

Hungary

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Ireland

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population distribution is weighted to the eastern side of the island, with the largest agglomeration being in and around Dublin;
  • populations in the west are small due to mountainous land, poorer soil, lack of good transport routes, and fewer job opportunities

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population distribution is weighted to the eastern side of the island, with the largest agglomeration being in and around Dublin;
  • populations in the west are small due to mountainous land, poorer soil, lack of good transport routes, and fewer job opportunities

Isle Of Man now Isle of Man

Published as “Population - distribution”

most people concentrated in cities and large towns of which Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest

Published as “Population distribution”

most people concentrated in cities and large towns of which Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest

Italy

Published as “Population - distribution”

despite a distinctive pattern with an industrial north and an agrarian south, a fairly even population distribution exists throughout most of the country, with coastal areas, the Po River Valley, and urban centers (particularly Milan, Rome, and Naples), attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

despite a distinctive pattern with an industrial north and an agrarian south, a fairly even population distribution exists throughout most of the country, with coastal areas, the Po River Valley, and urban centers (particularly Milan, Rome, and Naples), attracting larger and denser populations

Jersey

Published as “Population - distribution”

fairly even distribution; no notable trends

Published as “Population distribution”

fairly even distribution; no notable trends

Kosovo

Published as “Population - distribution”

pockets of agglomeration exist throughout the country, the largest being in the east in and around the capital of Pristina

Published as “Population distribution”

pockets of agglomeration exist throughout the country, the largest being in the east in and around the capital of Pristina

Latvia

Published as “Population - distribution”

largest concentration of people is found in and around the port and capital city of Riga; small agglomerations are scattered throughout the country

Published as “Population distribution”

largest concentration of people is found in and around the port and capital city of Riga; small agglomerations are scattered throughout the country

Liechtenstein

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is found in the western half of the country along the Rhine River

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is found in the western half of the country along the Rhine River

Lithuania

Published as “Population - distribution”

fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Published as “Population distribution”

fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Luxembourg

Published as “Population - distribution”

most people live in the south, on or near the border with France

Published as “Population distribution”

most people live in the south, on or near the border with France

Malta

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands

Moldova

Published as “Population - distribution”

pockets of agglomeration exist throughout the country, the largest being in the center of the country around the capital of Chisinau, followed by Tiraspol and Balti

Published as “Population distribution”

pockets of agglomeration exist throughout the country, the largest being in the center of the country around the capital of Chisinau, followed by Tiraspol and Balti

Monaco

Published as “Population - distribution”

the most densely populated country in the world; its entire population living on 2 square km

Published as “Population distribution”

the most densely populated country in the world; its entire population living on 2 square km

Montenegro

Published as “Population - distribution”

highest population density is concentrated in the south, southwest; the extreme eastern border is the least populated area

Published as “Population distribution”

highest population density is concentrated in the south, southwest; the extreme eastern border is the least populated area

Netherlands

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • an area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region;
  • the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

Published as “Population distribution”

  • an area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region;
  • the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

Macedonia now North Macedonia

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Norway

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most Norweigans live in the south where the climate is more mild and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe;
  • population clusters are found all along the North Sea coast in the southwest, and Skaggerak in the southeast;
  • the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most Norweigans live in the south where the climate is more mild and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe;
  • population clusters are found all along the North Sea coast in the southwest, and Skaggerak in the southeast;
  • the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

Poland

Published as “Population - distribution”

population concentrated in the southern (Krakow) and central (Warsaw, Lodz) areas, with an extension to the northern coastal city of Gdansk

Published as “Population distribution”

population concentrated in the southern (Krakow) and central (Warsaw, Lodz) areas, with an extension to the northern coastal city of Gdansk

Portugal

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • concentrations are primarily along or near the Atlantic coast;
  • both Lisbon and the second largest city,
  • Porto,
  • are coastal cities

Published as “Population distribution”

  • concentrations are primarily along or near the Atlantic coast;
  • both Lisbon and the second largest city,
  • Porto,
  • are coastal cities

Romania

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • urbanization is not particularly high, and a fairly even population distribution can be found throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations;
  • Hungarians, the country's largest minority, have a particularly strong presence in eastern Transylvania

Published as “Population distribution”

  • urbanization is not particularly high, and a fairly even population distribution can be found throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations;
  • Hungarians, the country's largest minority, have a particularly strong presence in eastern Transylvania

Serbia

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Slovakia

Published as “Population - distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country; slightly larger concentration in the west in proximity to the Czech border

Published as “Population distribution”

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country; slightly larger concentration in the west in proximity to the Czech border

Slovenia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations;
  • pockets in the mountainous northwest exhibit less density than elsewhere

Published as “Population distribution”

  • a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations;
  • pockets in the mountainous northwest exhibit less density than elsewhere

Spain

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts;
  • numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage;
  • dense settlement is found around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona

Published as “Population distribution”

  • with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts;
  • numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage;
  • dense settlement is found around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona

Sweden

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most Swedes live in the south where there the climate is more mild and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe;
  • population clusters are found all along the Baltic coast in the east;
  • the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most Swedes live in the south where there the climate is more mild and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe;
  • population clusters are found all along the Baltic coast in the east;
  • the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

Switzerland

Published as “Population - distribution”

population distribution corresponds to elevation with the northern and western areas far more heavily populated; the higher Alps of the south limit settlement

Published as “Population distribution”

population distribution corresponds to elevation with the northern and western areas far more heavily populated; the higher Alps of the south limit settlement

Ukraine

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • densest settlement in the eastern (Donbas) and western regions;
  • noteable concentrations in and around major urban areas of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Donets'k, Dnipropetrovs'k, and Odesa

Published as “Population distribution”

  • densest settlement in the eastern (Donbas) and western regions;
  • noteable concentrations in and around major urban areas of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Donets'k, Dnipropetrovs'k, and Odesa

United Kingdom

Published as “Population - distribution”

the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scotish lowlands between Endinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast

Published as “Population distribution”

the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scotish lowlands between Endinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • smallest population of the Gulf States, but urbanization rate exceeds 90%;
  • largest settlement concentration is found on the far northern end of the island in and around Manamah and Al Muharraq

Published as “Population distribution”

  • smallest population of the Gulf States, but urbanization rate exceeds 90%;
  • largest settlement concentration is found on the far northern end of the island in and around Manamah and Al Muharraq

Cyprus

Published as “Population - distribution”

population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca

Published as “Population distribution”

population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca

Gaza Strip

Published as “Population - distribution”

population concentrated in major cities, particularly Gaza City in the north

Published as “Population distribution”

population concentrated in major cities, particularly Gaza City in the north

Iran

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is concentrated in the north, northwest, and west, reflecting the position of the Zagros and Elburz Mountains;
  • the vast dry areas in the center and eastern parts of the country, around the deserts of the Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, have a much smaller population density

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is concentrated in the north, northwest, and west, reflecting the position of the Zagros and Elburz Mountains;
  • the vast dry areas in the center and eastern parts of the country, around the deserts of the Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, have a much smaller population density

Iraq

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is concentrated in the north, center, and eastern parts of the country, with many of the larger agglomerations found along extensive parts of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers;
  • much of the western and southern areas are either lightly populated or uninhabited

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is concentrated in the north, center, and eastern parts of the country, with many of the larger agglomerations found along extensive parts of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers;
  • much of the western and southern areas are either lightly populated or uninhabited

Israel

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population concentrated in and around Tel-Aviv, as well as around the Sea of Galilee;
  • the south remains sparsely populated with the exception of the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population concentrated in and around Tel-Aviv, as well as around the Sea of Galilee;
  • the south remains sparsely populated with the exception of the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Jordan

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman;
  • a sizeable, but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman;
  • a sizeable, but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Kuwait

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • densest settlement is along the Persian Gulf, particularly in Kuwait City and on Bubiyan Island;
  • significant population threads extend south and west along highways that radiate from the capital, particularly in the southern half of the country

Published as “Population distribution”

  • densest settlement is along the Persian Gulf, particularly in Kuwait City and on Bubiyan Island;
  • significant population threads extend south and west along highways that radiate from the capital, particularly in the southern half of the country

Lebanon

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the majority of the people live on or near the Mediterranean coast, and of these most live in and around the capital, Beirut;
  • favorable growing conditions in the Bekaa Valley, on the southeastern side of the Lebanon Mountains, have attracted farmers and thus the area exhibits a smaller population density

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the majority of the people live on or near the Mediterranean coast, and of these most live in and around the capital, Beirut;
  • favorable growing conditions in the Bekaa Valley, on the southeastern side of the Lebanon Mountains, have attracted farmers and thus the area exhibits a smaller population density

Oman

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country;
  • another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south;
  • most of the country remains sparsely poplulated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country;
  • another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south;
  • most of the country remains sparsely poplulated

Qatar

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula

Saudi Arabia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • historically a population that was mostly nomadic or semi-nomadic, the Saudi population has become more settled since petroleum was discovered in the 1930s;
  • most of the economic activities - and with it the country's population - is concentrated in a wide area across the middle of the peninsula, from Ad Dammam in the east, through Riyadh in the interior, to Mecca-Medina in the west near the Red Sea

Published as “Population distribution”

  • historically a population that was mostly nomadic or semi-nomadic, the Saudi population has become more settled since petroleum was discovered in the 1930s;
  • most of the economic activities - and with it the country's population - is concentrated in a wide area across the middle of the peninsula, from Ad Dammam in the east, through Riyadh in the interior, to Mecca-Medina in the west near the Red Sea

Syria

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • significant population density along the Mediterranean coast;
  • larger concentrations found in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo (the country's largest city), and Hims (Homs);
  • more than half of the population lives in the coastal plain, the province of Aleppo, and the Euphrates River valley

Published as “Population distribution”

  • significant population density along the Mediterranean coast;
  • larger concentrations found in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo (the country's largest city), and Hims (Homs);
  • more than half of the population lives in the coastal plain, the province of Aleppo, and the Euphrates River valley

Turkey now Turkiye

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the most densely populated area is found around the Bosporus in the northwest where 20% of the population lives in Istanbul;
  • with the exception of Ankara, urban centers remain small and scattered throughout the interior of Anatolia;
  • an overall pattern of peripheral development exists, particularly along the western Mediterranean coast, and the Tigris and Euphrates River systems in the southeast

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the most densely populated area is found around the Bosporus in the northwest where 20% of the population lives in Istanbul;
  • with the exception of Ankara, urban centers remain small and scattered throughout the interior of Anatolia;
  • an overall pattern of peripheral development exists, particularly along the western Mediterranean coast, and the Tigris and Euphrates River systems in the southeast

United Arab Emirates

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated to the northeast on the Musandam Peninsula;
  • the three largest emirates - Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah - are home to nearly 85% of the population

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated to the northeast on the Musandam Peninsula;
  • the three largest emirates - Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah - are home to nearly 85% of the population

West Bank

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • Palestinian settlements are primarily located in the central to western half of the territory;
  • Jewish colonies are found in pockets throughout, particularly in the northeast, north-central, and around Jerusalem

Published as “Population distribution”

  • Palestinian settlements are primarily located in the central to western half of the territory;
  • Jewish colonies are found in pockets throughout, particularly in the northeast, north-central, and around Jerusalem

Yemen

Published as “Population - distribution”

the vast majority of the population is found in the southern Sarawat Mountains, located in the far western region of the country

Published as “Population distribution”

the vast majority of the population is found in the southern Sarawat Mountains, located in the far western region of the country

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

Published as “Population - distribution”

relatively even population distribution throughout

Published as “Population distribution”

relatively even population distribution throughout

Canada

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the United States;
  • the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia

Published as “Population distribution”

  • vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the United States;
  • the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia

Mexico

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population is found in the middle of the country between the states of Jalisco and Veracruz;
  • approximately a quarter of the population lives in and around Mexico City

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population is found in the middle of the country between the states of Jalisco and Veracruz;
  • approximately a quarter of the population lives in and around Mexico City

Saint Pierre And Miquelon now Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is found on Saint Pierre Island; a small settlement is located on the north end of Miquelon Island

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is found on Saint Pierre Island; a small settlement is located on the north end of Miquelon Island

United States

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the US (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states;
  • mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prarie states are less densely populated;
  • Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast - with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage - and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu

Published as “Population distribution”

  • large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the US (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states;
  • mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prarie states are less densely populated;
  • Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast - with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage - and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu

South America

13 entries

Argentina

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • one-third of the population lives in Buenos Aires;
  • pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country;
  • Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • one-third of the population lives in Buenos Aires;
  • pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country;
  • Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated

Bolivia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • a high altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population;
  • a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes

Published as “Population distribution”

  • a high altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population;
  • a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes

Brazil

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the vast majority of people live along, or relatively near, the Atlantic coast in the east;
  • the population core is in the southeast, anchored by the cities of Sao Paolo, Brazilia, and Rio de Janeiro

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the vast majority of people live along, or relatively near, the Atlantic coast in the east;
  • the population core is in the southeast, anchored by the cities of Sao Paolo, Brazilia, and Rio de Janeiro

Chile

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • 90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago;
  • the far north (anchored by the Atacama Desert) and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • 90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago;
  • the far north (anchored by the Atacama Desert) and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated

Colombia

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • the majority of people live in the north and west where agricultural opportunities and natural resources are found;
  • the vast grasslands of the llanos to the south and east, which make up approximately 60% of the country, are sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • the majority of people live in the north and west where agricultural opportunities and natural resources are found;
  • the vast grasslands of the llanos to the south and east, which make up approximately 60% of the country, are sparsely populated

Ecuador

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • nearly half of the population is concentrated in the interior in the Andean intermontane basins and valleys, with large concentrations also found along the western coastal strip;
  • the rainforests of the east remain sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • nearly half of the population is concentrated in the interior in the Andean intermontane basins and valleys, with large concentrations also found along the western coastal strip;
  • the rainforests of the east remain sparsely populated

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Published as “Population - distribution”

a very small population, with most residents living in and around Stanley

Published as “Population distribution”

a very small population, with most residents living in and around Stanley

Guyana

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated in the northeast in and around Georgetown, with noteable concentrations along the Berbice River to the east;
  • the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • population is heavily concentrated in the northeast in and around Georgetown, with noteable concentrations along the Berbice River to the east;
  • the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Paraguay

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the population resides in the eastern half of the country;
  • to the west lies the Gran Chaco, which accounts for 60% of the land territory, but only 2% of the overall population

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the population resides in the eastern half of the country;
  • to the west lies the Gran Chaco, which accounts for 60% of the land territory, but only 2% of the overall population

Peru

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • approximately one-third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima;
  • the Andean highlands, or sierra, which is strongly identified with the country's Amerindian population, contains roughly half of the overall population;
  • the eastern slopes of the Andes, and adjoining rainforest, are sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

  • approximately one-third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima;
  • the Andean highlands, or sierra, which is strongly identified with the country's Amerindian population, contains roughly half of the overall population;
  • the eastern slopes of the Andes, and adjoining rainforest, are sparsely populated

Suriname

Published as “Population - distribution”

population concentrated along the nothern coastal strip; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Published as “Population distribution”

population concentrated along the nothern coastal strip; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated

Uruguay

Published as “Population - distribution”

  • most of the country's population resides in the southern half of the country;
  • approximately 80% of the populace is urban, living in towns or cities;
  • nearly half of the population lives in and around the capital of Montevideo

Published as “Population distribution”

  • most of the country's population resides in the southern half of the country;
  • approximately 80% of the populace is urban, living in towns or cities;
  • nearly half of the population lives in and around the capital of Montevideo

Venezuela

Published as “Population - distribution”

most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western highlands along an eastern spur at the northern end of the Andes, an area that includes the capital of Caracas

Published as “Population distribution”

most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western highlands along an eastern spur at the northern end of the Andes, an area that includes the capital of Caracas

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 2016, “Population distribution”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/population-distribution/2016.

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