The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Europe
Exchange rates Finland, in 36 editions.
The entry for Finland published Exchange rates in 36 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 32 editions. Each is shown as published. Exchange rates in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 32
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Currency” (1990 to 2004), “Exchange rates” (1990 to 2025), “Currency code” (2001 to 2004) and “Currency (code)” (2005 to 2008).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024Published as “Currency”
markka (plural--markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--4.0022 (January 1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985)
markka (plural--markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--4.0022 (January 1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985)
Published as “Currency”
markka (plural--markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--3.6421 (January 1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985)
markka (plural--markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--4.0022 US$1--3.6421 (January 1990), 1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985)
Published as “Currency”
markka (plural - markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.2967 (January 1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987)
markka (plural--markkaa); (plural - markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--3.6421 US$1 - 4.2967 (January 1991), 1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235
(1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985) (1987)
Published as “Currency”
1 markkaa (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.4193 (January 1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988)
markka (plural - markkaa); 1 markka markkaa (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.2967 5.4193 (January 1992), 1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440
(1991), 3.8235(1988), 4.3956 (1987) (1988)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.6920 (January 1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989)
1 markkaa markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.4193 5.6920 (January 1993), 1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794
(1992), 4.0440(1989), 4.1828 (1988) (1989)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.7358 (January 1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990)
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.6920 4.7358 (January 1994), 1995), 5.2235
(1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794(1990), 4.2912 (1989) (1990)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.4425 (January 1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991)
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.7358 4.4425 (January 1995), 5.2235 1996),
4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990)
(1991)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.7765 (January 1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992)
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.4425 4.7765 (January 1996), 1997), 4.5936
(1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1992)
(1991)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1-5.4948 (January 19987), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993)
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.7765 US$1-5.4948 (January 1997), 4.5936 19987), 5.1914
(1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992) (1993)
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--5.12 (January 1999), 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1994);
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Union introduced a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in some member countries at the rate of 0.8597 euros per US$ and a fixed rate of 5.93472 Markkaa per euro; the euro will replace the local currency in consenting countries for all transactions in 2002
Rewritten: too little of the 1998 text remains to mark the changes.
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
markkaa (FMk) per US$1--5.12 (January 1999),
5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235
(1994);
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Union introduced a common
currency that is now being used by financial institutions in some
member countries at the rate of 0.8597 euros per US$ and a fixed
rate of 5.93472 Markkaa per euro; the euro will replace the local
currency in consenting countries for all transactions in 2002
Published as “Currency”
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in some member countries at a fixed rate of 5.94573 markkaa per euro; the euro will replace the local currency in consenting countries for all transactions in 2002
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia
euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa (FMk) per US$1--5.12 (January 1999),US$1 - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995), 5.2235 (1995)
(1994);
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Union EU introduced a commonthe rate of 0.8597 euros per US$ and a fixed5.93472 Markkaa 5.94573 markkaa per euro; the euro will replace the local
Published as “Currency”
markka (FIM); euro (EUR) note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Finland at a fixed rate of 5.94573 markkaa per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Published as “Currency code”
FIM; EUR
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996)
1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia(FIM); euro (EUR) note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in
euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996), 4.3667 (1995)some member countries Finland at a fixed rate of 5.94573 markkaa per euro; the euro and will replace the local currency in consenting countries for all transactions in 2002
FIM; EUR
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996)
Published as “Currency”
euro (EUR); markka (FIM)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Currency code”
EUR; FIM
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997)
markka (FIM); euro (EUR) (EUR); markka (FIM)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being to be used by financial institutions in Finland at a fixed rate of 5.94573 markkaa per member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro and will replace became the local sole currency for all everyday transactions in 2002 within the member countriesFIM; EUR EUR; FIM
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 1.1324 (January 2001), 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997), 4.5936 (1996) (1997)
Published as “Currency”
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Currency code”
EUR
Published as “Exchange rates”
- euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
euro (EUR); markka (FIM) (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countriesEUR; FIM EUR
euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.0854 1.09 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441 (1998), 5.1914 (1997) 0.94 (1999)
Published as “Currency”
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Currency code”
EUR
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
EUR
euros per US dollar - 1.06 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 1.1175 (2001), 1.09 1.0854 (2000), 0.94 0.9386 (1999)
Published as “Currency (code)”
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 0.81 (2004), 0.89 (2003), 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000)
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countriesEUReuros per US dollar - 0.886 0.81 (2004), 0.89 (2003), 1.0626 1.06 (2002), 1.1175 1.12 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999) 1.09 (2000)
Published as “Currency (code)”
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
euros per US dollar - 0.81 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.89 0.886 (2003), 1.06 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000) 1.1175 (2001)
Published as “Currency (code)”
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) (2002)
Published as “Currency (code)”
euro (EUR)
Published as “Exchange rates”
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Rewritten: too little of the 2007 text remains to mark the changes.
euro (EUR)
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.6827 (2008 est.), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004)
euro (EUR)euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.6827 (2008 est.), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) (2004)
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7715 (2010), 0.7179 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006)
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7715 (2010), 0.7179 (2009), 0.6827 (2008 est.), (2008), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004) (2006)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.755 (2010)
- 0.7198 (2009)
- 0.6827 (2008)
- 0.7345 (2007)
- 0.7964 (2006)
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7715 (2010), 0.7179 (2009),
0.755 (2010)
0.7198 (2009)
0.6827 (2008), (2008)
0.7345 (2007), (2007)
0.7964 (2006)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
- 0.7185 (2011 est.)
- 755 (2010 est.)
- 0.7198 (2009 est.)
- 0.6827 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.755 (2010) 0.7838 (2012 est.)0.7198 (2009) 0.7185 (2011 est.)0.6827 (2008) 755 (2010 est.)0.7345 (2007) 0.7198 (2009 est.)0.7964 (2006) 0.6827 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.78 (2012 est.)
- 0.72 (2011 est.)
- 0.76 (2010 est.)
- 0.72 (2009 est.)
- 0.68 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.7838 0.78 (2012 est.)0.7185 0.72 (2011 est.)755 0.76 (2010 est.)0.7198 0.72 (2009 est.)0.6827 0.68 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7634 (2013 est.)
- 0.7752 (2012 est.)
- 0.755 (2010 est.)
- 0.7198 (2009 est.)
- 0.6827 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.78 (2012 0.7634 (2013 est.)0.72 (2011 0.7752 (2012 est.)0.76 0.755 (2010 est.)0.72 0.7198 (2009 est.)0.68 0.6827 (2008 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7489 (2014 est.)
- 0.7634 (2013 est.)
- 0.78 (2012 est.)
- 0.7185 (2011 est.)
- 0.755 (2010 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7489 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.)0.7752 0.78 (2012 est.)0.755 (2010 est.) 0.7185 (2011 est.)
0.7198 (20090.6827 (2008 0.755 (2010 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.885 (2015 est.)
- 0.7525 (2014 est.)
- 0.7634 (2013 est.)
- 0.78 (2012 est.)
- 0.7185 (2011 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.7489 0.885 (2015 est.)
0.7525 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.)
0.78 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.) est.)
0.755 (2010
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.9214 (2016 est.)
- 0.885 (2015 est.)
- 0.885 (2014 est.)
- 0.7634 (2013 est.)
- 0.7752 (2012 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.9214 (2016 est.)
0.885 (2015 est.)0.7525 0.885 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.)0.78 0.7752 (2012 est.) est.)
0.7185 (2011
The same text in 2018 and 2019.
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.885 (2017 est.)
- 0.903 (2016 est.)
- 0.9214 (2015 est.)
- 0.885 (2014 est.)
- 0.7634 (2013 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.9214 0.885 (2017 est.)
0.903 (2016 est.)0.885 0.9214 (2015 est.)
0.885 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.) est.)
0.7752 (2012
The same text in 3 editions, 2020 to 2022.
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.82771 (2020 est.)
- 0.90338 (2019 est.)
- 0.87789 (2018 est.)
- 0.885 (2014 est.)
- 0.7634 (2013 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.885 (2017 0.82771 (2020 est.)0.903 (2016 0.90338 (2019 est.)0.9214 (2015 0.87789 (2018 est.)
0.885 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.845 (2021 est.)
- 0.876 (2020 est.)
- 0.893 (2019 est.)
- 0.847 (2018 est.)
- 0.885 (2017 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -0.82771 0.845 (2021 est.)
0.876 (2020 est.)0.90338 0.893 (2019 est.)0.87789 0.847 (2018 est.)
0.885 (2014 est.) (2017 est.)
0.7634 (2013
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.925 (2023 est.)
- 0.95 (2022 est.)
- 0.845 (2021 est.)
- 0.876 (2020 est.)
- 0.893 (2019 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.925 (2023 est.)
0.95 (2022 est.)
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.876 (2020 est.)
0.893 (2019 est.) est.)
0.847 (2018 est.)
0.885 (2017
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.924 (2024 est.)
- 0.925 (2023 est.)
- 0.95 (2022 est.)
- 0.845 (2021 est.)
- 0.876 (2020 est.)
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.924 (2024 est.)
0.925 (2023 est.)
0.95 (2022 est.)
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.876 (2020 est.) est.)
0.893 (2019
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Finland: Exchange rates.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/finland/exchange-rates.