The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Europe
Executive branch Finland, in 35 editions.
The entry for Finland published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 29 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 29
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- president,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)
president, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President Mauno KOIVISTO (since 27 January 1982)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Ilkka KANERVA (since 26 April 1991)
Published as “Elections”
- Parliament:
- last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March 1995);
- results - Center Party 24.8%, Social Democratic Party 22.1%, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 19.3%, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 10.1%, Green League 6.8%, Swedish People's Party 5.5%, Rural 4.8%, Finnish Christian League 3.1%, Liberal People's Party 0.8%;
- seats - (200 total) Center Party 55, Social Democratic Party 48, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 40, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 19, Swedish People's Party 12, Green League 10, Finnish Christian League 8, Rural 7, Liberal People's Party 1
- President:
- last held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February 1988 (next to be held January 1994); results - Mauno KOIVISTO 48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri HOLKERI 18%
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
president, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Council of State
(Valtioneuvosto)
Chief of State:
President Mauno KOIVISTO (since 27 January 1982)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Ilkka
KANERVA (since 26 April 1991)
Parliament:
last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March 1995); results - Center Party
24.8%, Social Democratic Party 22.1%, National Coalition (Conservative)
Party 19.3%, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 10.1%, Green League 6.8%, Swedish
People's Party 5.5%, Rural 4.8%, Finnish Christian League 3.1%, Liberal
People's Party 0.8%; seats - (200 total) Center Party 55, Social Democratic
Party 48, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 40, Leftist Alliance
(Communist) 19, Swedish People's Party 12, Green League 10, Finnish
Christian League 8, Rural 7, Liberal People's Party 1
President:
last held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February 1988 (next to be held
January 1994); results - Mauno KOIVISTO 48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri
HOLKERI 18%
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February 1988 (next to be held January 1994); results - Mauno KOIVISTO 48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri HOLKERI 18%
- Parliament:
- last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March 1995);
- results - Center Party 24.8%, Social Democratic Party 22.1%, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 19.3%, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 10.1%, Green League 6.8%, Swedish People's Party 5.5%, Rural 4.8%, Finnish Christian League 3.1%, Liberal People's Party 0.8%;
- seats - (200 total) Center Party 55, Social Democratic Party 48, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 40, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 19, Swedish People's Party 12, Green League 10, Finnish Christian League 8, Rural 7, Liberal People's Party 1
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- President Mauno KOIVISTO (since 27 January 1982)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Ilkka KANERVA (since 26 April 1991)
president, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Council of State President:
(Valtioneuvosto)Chief of State: last held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February 1988 (next to be heldPresident January 1994); results - Mauno KOIVISTO (since 27 January 1982) 48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April 1991); Deputy Prime Minister IlkkaKANERVA (since 26 April 1991) HOLKERI 18%
Parliament:
last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March 1995); results - Center Party
24.8%, Social Democratic Party 22.1%, National Coalition (Conservative)
Party 19.3%, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 10.1%, Green League 6.8%, Swedish
People's Party 5.5%, Rural 4.8%, Finnish Christian League 3.1%, Liberal
People's Party 0.8%; seats - (200 total) Center Party 55, Social Democratic
Party 48, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 40, Leftist Alliance
(Communist) 19, Swedish People's Party 12, Green League 10, Finnish
Christian League 8, Rural 7, Liberal People's Party 1President: president, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Council of Statelast held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February 1988 (next to be held (Valtioneuvosto)January 1994); results - Chief of State:
President Mauno KOIVISTO 48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri (since 27 January 1982)HOLKERI 18% Head of Government:
Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Ilkka
KANERVA (since 26 April 1991)
The entry for Finland did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state:
- President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994);
- election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held January 2000);
- results - Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of State (Valtioneuvosto); appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994);
election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held January
2000); results - Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April
1995); Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
cabinet: Council of State (Valtioneuvosto); appointed by the
president, responsible to Parliament
- chief of state:
- President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994) was elected for a six-year term by popular vote;
- election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January 2000);
- results - Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995) were appointed by the president
- cabinet:
- Council of State (Valtioneuvosto) was appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994); 1994) was
elected for a six-year term by popular vote; election last held 31
January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January
Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April1995); 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
were appointed by the president
cabinet: Council of State (Valtioneuvosto); (Valtioneuvosto) was appointed by the
president, responsible to Parliament
- chief of state:
- President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994)
- head of government :
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January 2000);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent of vote - Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994) waselected for a six-year term by popular vote; election last held 31head of
January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January 2000); results -
Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%government: government : Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April
1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)were appointed by the presidentcabinet: Council of State (Valtioneuvosto) was or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the
president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA
January 2000); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by
the president
election results: Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent of vote
- Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
- chief of state:
- President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January 2000);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president
- election results:
- Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent of vote-Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994)
head of government : government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April
1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the
president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA
January 2000); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by
the president
election results: Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent of vote- Martti vote-Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
- chief of state:
- President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA January 2000);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections
- election results:
- Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent of vote--Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI (since 1 March 1994)
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April
1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the
president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held NA
January 2000); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by
from the majority party by the president after parliamentary
elections
election results: Martti AHTISAARI elected president; percent ofvote-Martti vote--Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections
- election results:
- Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esco AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - SFP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green Union
chief of state: President Martti AHTISAARI Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 1994) 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;31 January-6 6 February 1994 2000 (next to be held NA
January 2000);
election results: Martti AHTISAARI Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esco AHO (Kesk) 48.4%vote--Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46% note: government coalition - SFP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green Union
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995) cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president;
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esco AHO (Kesk) 48.4% note: government coalition - SDP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green Union
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)SFP, SDP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green Union
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Ville ITALA (since 31 August 2001)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections
note: government coalition - SDP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green League
- election results:
- Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO Ville ITALA (since 13 April 1995) 31 August 2001)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esco AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - SDP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green Union League
election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Antti KALLIOMAKI (since 17 April 2003);
- note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006);
- prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections
note: government coalition - KESK, SDP, and SFP
- election results:
- Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN Matti VANHANEN (since 13 April 1995) 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Ville ITALA Antti KALLIOMAKI (since 31 August 2001) 17 April 2003); note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections
note: government coalition - KESK, SDP, Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's Democratic Union and Democratic Alternative), SFP, and Green League SFP
election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Antti KALLIOMAKI (since 17 April 2003);
- note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held February 2006);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after Parliamentary elections and the Parliament must approve the appointment
- election results:
- Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - KESK, SDP, and SFP
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Antti KALLIOMAKI (since 17 April 2003); note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by or the president majority coalition after parliamentary Parliamentary elections
note: government coalition - KESK, SDP,SFP the Parliament must approve the appointment
election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - KESK, SDP, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Eero HEINALUOMA (since 24 September 2005)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term;
- election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held February 2006);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment
- election results:
- Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, and SFP
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Antti KALLIOMAKI Eero HEINALUOMA (since 17 April 2003); note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned 24 September 2005)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held February 2006); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after Parliamentary parliamentary elections and the Parliament parliament must approve the appointment
election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4%
note: government coalition - KESK, Kesk, SDP, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Eero HEINALUOMA (since 24 September 2005)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held January 2012);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment
- election results:
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, and SFP
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Eero HEINALUOMA (since 24 September 2005)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; term (eligible for a second term); election last held 16 15 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 2006 (next to be held February 2006); January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment
election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen (Kesk) 48.4% 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HOLONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment;
- Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
- election results:
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%;
- a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%;
- Matti VANHANEN relected prime minister;
- election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, and SFP
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Eero HEINALUOMA Jyrki KATAINEN (since 24 September 2005) 19 April 2007)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment appointment; Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
election results: percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HOLONEN HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2% 48.2%; Matti VANHANEN relected prime minister; election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment;
- Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
- election results:
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%;
- a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%;
- Matti VANHANEN reelected prime minister;
- election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment; Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
election results: percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%; Matti VANHANEN relected reelected prime minister; election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, SDP, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment;
- Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
- election results:
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%;
- a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%;
- Matti VANHANEN reelected prime minister;
- election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
chief of state:
President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government:
Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment; Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected 17 April 2007
election results:
percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti Vanhanen VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%; Matti VANHANEN reelected prime minister; election results 121-71
note:
government coalition - Kesk, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Mari KIVINIEMI (since 22 June 2010); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
- cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012);
- the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment;
- Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected on 17 April 2007
- election results:
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%;
- a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%;
- Matti VANHANEN reelected prime minister;
- election results 121-71
note: government coalition - Kesk, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
chief of state:
President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government:
Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN Mari KIVINIEMI (since 24 22 June 2003); 2010); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007)
cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve the appointment; Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected on 17 April 2007
election results:
percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%; Matti VANHANEN reelected prime minister; election results 121-71
note:
government coalition - Kesk, KOK, VIHR, and SFP
- chief of state:
- President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 22 June 2011)
- cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012);
- the parliament elects a prime minister who is then appointed to office by the president;
- Prime Minister KATAINEN elected on 22 June 2011
- election results:
- percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5% other 10.5%;
- a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%;
- Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister;
- election results 118-72
note: government coalition - KoK, SDP, VIHR, SFP, VAS, and KD
chief of state:
President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
head of government:
Prime Minister Mari KIVINIEMI (since 22 June 2010); Deputy Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 19 April 2007) 22 June 2011)
cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 15 January 2006 (next to be held in January 2012); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy parliament elects a prime minister from the majority party or the majority coalition after parliamentary elections and the parliament must approve who is then appointed to office by the appointment; president; Prime Minister VANHANEN reelected KATAINEN elected on 17 April 2007 22 June 2011
election results:
percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5%; 3.5% other 10.5%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO was held 29 January 2006 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%; Matti VANHANEN reelected Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister; election results 121-71 118-72
note:
government coalition - Kesk, KOK, KoK, SDP, VIHR, SFP, VAS, and SFP KD
The same text in 3 editions, 2012 to 2014.
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 22 June 2011)
- cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018);
- the parliament elects a prime minister who is then appointed to office by the president
- election results:
- percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 36.96%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.76%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.53%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMÄKI (Vas) 5.48%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.47%;
- a runoff election between NIINISTO and HAAVISTO was held 5 February 2012 - NIINISTO 62.59%, HAAVISTO 37.41%;
- Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister;
- election results 118-72
note: government coalition - Kok, SDP, Vihr, SFP, Vas, and KD (2013)
chief of state:
President Tarja HALONEN Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2000) 2012)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 22 June 2011)
cabinet:
Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 15 January 2006 5 February 2012 (next to be held in January 2012); February 2018); the parliament elects a prime minister who is then appointed to office by the president; Prime Minister KATAINEN elected on 22 June 2011 president
election results:
percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 46.3%, Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 24.1%, Matti VANHANEN 36.96%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.76%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 18.6%, Heidi HAUTALA (VIHR) 3.5% other 10.5%; 17.53%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMÄKI (Vas) 5.48%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.47%; a runoff election between HALONEN and NIINISTO and HAAVISTO was held 29 January 2006 5 February 2012 - HALONEN 51.8%, NIINISTO 48.2%; 62.59%, HAAVISTO 37.41%; Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister; election results 118-72
note:
government coalition - KoK, Kok, SDP, VIHR, Vihr, SFP, VAS, Vas, and KD (2013)
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN (since 22 June 2011)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018);
- prime minister elected by Parliament and appointed by the president
- election results:
- percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%;
- Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round held on 5 February 2012 - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%;
- Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:parliament Parliament
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a six-year 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018); the parliament elects a prime minister who is then elected by Parliament and appointed to office by the president
election results:36.96%, 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.76%, 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.53%, 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMÄKI ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.48%, 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.47%; a runoff election between 2.5%; Sauli NIINISTO and HAAVISTO was elected president in second round held on 5 February 2012 - NIINISTO 62.59%, 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.41%; 37.4%; Jyrki KATAINEN elected prime minister; election results 118-72 minister
note:
government coalition - Kok, SDP, Vihr, SFP, Vas, and KD (2013)
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Juha SIPILA (since 28 May 2015)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament in 2015
- election results:
- percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%;
- Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round held on 5 February 2012 - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%;
- Juha SIPILA appointed prime minister
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Jyrki KATAINEN Juha SIPILA (since 22 June 2011) 28 May 2015)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018); prime minister elected by Parliament and appointed by the president Parliament in 2015
election results: percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%; Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round held on 5 February 2012 - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%; Jyrki KATAINEN elected Juha SIPILA appointed prime minister
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Juha SIPILA (since 28 May 2015)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 22 January 2012 and 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament in 2015
- election results:
- percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%;
- Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round;
- percent of vote - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%;
- Juha SIPILA appointed prime minister
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Juha SIPILA (since 28 May 2015)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 January 2012 and 5 February 2012 (next to be held in February 2018); prime minister appointed by Parliament in 2015
election results: percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%; Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round held on 5 February 2012 round; percent of vote - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%; Juha SIPILA appointed prime minister
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Juha SIPILA (since 28 May 2015)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament
- election results:
- Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%,
- Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%,
- Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%,
- Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%,
- Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%,
- other 7.7%
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Juha SIPILA (since 28 May 2015)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 28 January 2012 and 5 February 2012 2018 (next to be held in February 2018); January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament in 2015
election results: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote in first round - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 37%, (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 18.8%, 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 17.5%, Timo SOINI (TF) 9.4%, Paavo LIPPONEN (SDP) 6.7%, Paavo ARHINMAKI (Vas) 5.5%, Eva BIAUDET (SFP) 2.7%, Sari ESSAYAH (KD) 2.5%; Sauli NIINISTO elected president in second round; percent of vote - NIINISTO 62.6%, HAAVISTO 37.4%; Juha SIPILA appointed prime minister 4.1%, other 7.7%
The same text in 3 editions, 2019 to 2021.
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Sanna MARIN (since 10 December 2019)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament
- election results:
- Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%,
- Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%,
- Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%,
- Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%,
- Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%,
- other 7.7%
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Juha SIPILA Sanna MARIN (since 28 May 2015) 10 December 2019)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament
election results: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Sanna MARIN (since 10 December 2019)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament
- election results:
- 2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
2012: Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (National Coalition Party) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Sanna MARIN (since 10 December 2019)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament
election results: 2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
2012: Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (National Coalition Party) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%
- chief of state:
- President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petteri ORPO (since 20 June 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament
- election results:
- 2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
2012: Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO (since 1 March 2012)
head of government: Prime Minister Sanna MARIN Petteri ORPO (since 10 December 2019) 20 June 2023)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament
election results:
2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
2012: Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (National Coalition Party) (Kok) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%
- chief of state:
- President Alexander STUBB (since 1 March 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petteri ORPO (since 20 June 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- elections/appointments:
- president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term);
- first round held on 28 January 2024 with a runoff on 11 February 2024 (next to be held by 28 January 2030);
- prime minister appointed by Parliament
- election results:
- 2024: Alexander STUBB elected in the second round;
- percent of vote in the first round - Alexander STUBB (KoK) 27.2%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 25.8%, Jussi HALLA-AHO (PS) 19.0%, Olli REHN (Kesk) 15.3%;
- percent of vote in second round - STUBB 51.6%, HAAVISTO 48.4%
- 2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
chief of state: President Sauli NIINISTO Alexander STUBB (since 1 March 2012) 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Petteri ORPO (since 20 June 2023)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last first round held on 28 January 2018 2024 with a runoff on 11 February 2024 (next to be held in by 28 January 2024); 2030); prime minister appointed by Parliament
election results:
2024: Alexander STUBB elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Alexander STUBB (KoK) 27.2%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 25.8%, Jussi HALLA-AHO (PS) 19.0%, Olli REHN (Kesk) 15.3%; percent of vote in second round - STUBB 51.6%, HAAVISTO 48.4%
2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
2012: Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (Kok) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%
- chief of state:
- President Alexander STUBB (since 1 March 2024)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Petteri ORPO (since 20 June 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament
- election/appointment process:
- president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by Parliament
- most recent election date:
- 28 January 2024, with a runoff on 11 February 2024
- election results:
- 2024: Alexander STUBB elected in the second round;
- percent of vote in the first round - Alexander STUBB (KoK) 27.2%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 25.8%, Jussi HALLA-AHO (PS) 19.0%, Olli REHN (Kesk) 15.3%;
- percent of vote in second round - STUBB 51.6%, HAAVISTO 48.4%
- 2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president;
- percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
- expected date of next election:
- by 28 January 2030
chief of state: President Alexander STUBB (since 1 March 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Petteri ORPO (since 20 June 2023)
cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliamentelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president directly elected by absolute majority absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds rounds, if needed needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on prime minister appointed by Parliament
most recent election date: 28 January 2024 2024, with a runoff on 11 February 2024 (next to be held by 28 January 2030); prime minister appointed by Parliament
election results:
2024: Alexander STUBB elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Alexander STUBB (KoK) 27.2%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 25.8%, Jussi HALLA-AHO (PS) 19.0%, Olli REHN (Kesk) 15.3%; percent of vote in second round - STUBB 51.6%, HAAVISTO 48.4%
2018: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%
expected date of next election: by 28 January 2030
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Finland: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/finland/executive-branch.