Kyrgyzstan
Republic of KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan Respublikasy
republicIndependence 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Kyrgyzstan as the 1993 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 77 fields, one of 34 editions from 1992 to 2025.
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Geography
South Asia, between China and Kazakhstan
14 fieldsMap references
Asia, Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States, Standard Time Zones of the World
International disputes
territorial dispute with Tajikistan on southern boundary in Isfara Valley area
Terrain
peaks of Tien Shan rise to 7,000 meters, and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation
Natural resources
small amounts of coal, natural gas, oil, nepheline, rare earth metals, mercury, bismuth, gold, lead, zinc, hydroelectric power
People
14 fieldsPer 1,000 population(1993 est.)
Male · female(1993 est.)
Government
Republic
21 fieldsNames
- conventional long form:
- Republic of Kyrgyzstan
- conventional short form:
- Kyrgyzstan
- local long form:
- Kyrgyzstan Respublikasy
- local short form:
- none
- former:
- Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Administrative divisions
6 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast'); Chu, Jalal-Abad, Ysyk-Kul', Naryn, Osh, Talas
Political parties and leaders
- Kyrgyz Democratic Movement, Kazat AKMAKOV, chairman;
- Civic Accord, Coalition representing nonnative minority groups;
- National Revived Asaba (Banner) Party, Asan ORMUSHEV, chairman;
- Communist Party was banned but has registered as political party 18 September 1992
Other political or pressure groups
- National Unity Democratic Movement;
- Peasant Party;
- Council of Unions;
- Union of Entrepreneurs
Elections
- President:
- last held 12 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996);
- results - Askar AKAYEV won in uncontested election with 95% of vote with 90% of electorate voting;
- note - president elected by Supreme Soviet 28 October 1990, then by popular vote 12 October 1991
- Zhogorku Keneshom:
- last held 25 February 1990 for the Supreme Soviet (next to be held no later than NA November 1994 for the Zhgorku Keneshom);
- results - Commnunists 90%;
- seats - (350 total) Communists 310
Leaders
- Chief of State:
- President Askar AKAYEV (since 28 October 1990); Vice President Feliks KULOV (since 12 October 1992)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Tursenbek CHYNGYSHEV (since 2 March 1992);
- Deputy Prime Minister Abdygani ERKEBAYEV;
- Supreme Soviet Chairman Medetkan SHERIMKULOV (since NA)
Diplomatic representation in US
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Roza OTUNBAYEVA
- chancery:
- 1511 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
- telephone:
- (202) 347-5029
US diplomatic representation
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Edward HURWITZ
- embassy:
- (temporary) Erkindik Prospekt #66, Bishkek
- mailing address:
- APO AE 09721
- telephone:
- 7-3312 22-26-93, 22-35-51, 22-29-20
- FAX:
- 7-3312 22-35-51
Flag
- red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Krygyz tribes;
- on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise;
- in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt
Economy
Kyrgyzstan's small economy (less than 1% of the total for the former Soviet | Union) is oriented toward agriculture, producing mainly livestock such as | goats and sheep, as well as cotton, grain, and tobacco.
19 fieldsOverview
Kyrgyzstan's small economy (less than 1% of the total for the former Soviet Union) is oriented toward agriculture, producing mainly livestock such as goats and sheep, as well as cotton, grain, and tobacco. Industry, concentrated around Bishkek, produces small quantities of electric motors, livestock feeding equipment, washing machines, furniture, cement, paper, and bricks.
Mineral extraction is small, the most important minerals being coal, rare earth metals and gold. Kyrgyzstan is a net importer of many types of food and fuel but is a net exporter of electricity. In 1992, the Kirghiz leadership made progress on reform, primarily by privatizing business, granting life-long tenure to farmers, and freeing most prices.
Nonetheless, in 1992 overall industrial and livestock output declined because of acute fuel shortages and a widespread lack of spare parts.
Exports
$NA
- commodities:
- wool, chemicals, cotton, ferrous and nonferrous metals, shoes, machinery, tobacco
- partners:
- Russia 70%, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and others
Imports
$NA
- commodities:
- lumber, industrial products, ferrous metals, fuel, machinery, textiles, footwear
- partners:
- other CIS republics
Industries
small machinery, textiles, food-processing industries, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, and rare earth metals
Agriculture
wool, tobacco, cotton, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle), vegetables, meat, grapes, fruits and berries, eggs, milk, potatoes
Illicit drugs
- illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
- mostly for CIS consumption;
- limited government eradication program;
- used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europel
Communications
6 fieldsNetworkskm · (1990)
Airports
- total:
- 52
- useable:
- 27
- with permanent-surface runways:
- 12
- with runways over 3,659 m:
- 1
- with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
- 4
- with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
- 13
Telecommunications
- poorly developed;
- 56 telephones per 1000 persons (December 1990);
- connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch;
- satellite earth stations - Orbita and INTELSAT (TV receive only);
- new intelsat earth station provide TV receive-only capability for Turkish broadcasts
Defense Forces
National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops), Civil Defense
3 fieldsCite this entry
Central Intelligence Agency. “Kyrgyzstan.” The World Factbook 1993. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/kyrgyzstan/1993.