The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Europe
Executive branch Luxembourg, in 35 editions.
The entry for Luxembourg published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 24 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 24
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- grand duke,
- prime minister,
- vice prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
grand duke, prime minister, vice prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Executive branch”
- grand duke,
- prime minister,
- vice prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke Jean, born 16 April 1955)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Jacques SANTER (since 21 July 1984); Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
Published as “Elections”
- Chamber of Deputies:
- last held on 18 June 1989 (next to be held by June 1994);
- results - CSV 31.7%, LSAP 27.2%, DP 16.2%, Greens 8.4%, PAC 7.3%, KPL 5.1%, other 4.1%;
- seats - (60 total) CSV 22, LSAP 18, DP 11, Greens 4, PAC 4, KPL 1
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
grand duke, prime minister, vice prime minister, Council of Ministers
(cabinet)
Chief of State:
Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of
Grand Duke Jean, born 16 April 1955)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Jacques SANTER (since 21 July 1984); Vice Prime Minister
Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
Chamber of Deputies:
last held on 18 June 1989 (next to be held by June 1994); results - CSV
31.7%, LSAP 27.2%, DP 16.2%, Greens 8.4%, PAC 7.3%, KPL 5.1%, other 4.1%;
seats - (60 total) CSV 22, LSAP 18, DP 11, Greens 4, PAC 4, KPL 1
Published as “Elections”
- Chamber of Deputies:
- last held on 18 June 1989 (next to be held by June 1994);
- results - CSV 31.7%, LSAP 27.2%, DP 16.2%, Greens 8.4%, PAC 7.3%, KPL 5.1%, other 4.1%;
- seats - (60 total) CSV 22, LSAP 18, DP 11, Greens 4, PAC 4, KPL 1
Published as “Executive branch”
- grand duke,
- prime minister,
- vice prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke Jean, born 16 April 1955)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Jacques SANTER (since 21 July 1984); Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
Chamber of Deputies:
last held on 18 June 1989 (next to be held by June 1994); results - CSV
31.7%, LSAP 27.2%, DP 16.2%, Greens 8.4%, PAC 7.3%, KPL 5.1%, other 4.1%;
seats - (60 total) CSV 22, LSAP 18, DP 11, Greens 4, PAC 4, KPL 1
grand duke, prime minister, vice prime minister, Council of Ministers
(cabinet)
Chief of State:
Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of
Grand Duke Jean, born 16 April 1955)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Jacques SANTER (since 21 July 1984); Vice Prime Minister
Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
Chamber of Deputies:
last held on 18 June 1989 (next to be held by June 1994); results - CSV
31.7%, LSAP 27.2%, DP 16.2%, Greens 8.4%, PAC 7.3%, KPL 5.1%, other 4.1%;
seats - (60 total) CSV 22, LSAP 18, DP 11, Greens 4, PAC 4, KPL 1
The entry for Luxembourg did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNKER (since 1 January 1994); Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers; appointed by the sovereign
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir
Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNKER (since 1 January
1994); Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the sovereign
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964) is a hereditary monarch;
- Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955) head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984) were appointed by the sovereign but are responsible to the legislature cabinet: Council of Ministers was appointed by the sovereign, responsible to the legislature
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); 1964) is a hereditary monarch; HeirJUNKER JUNCKER (since 1 January
1994);Ministers; Ministers was appointed by the sovereign sovereign, responsible to the legislature
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
- cabinet :
- Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign, responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- elections :
- none;
- the grand duke is a hereditary monarch;
- prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the sovereign but are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964) is a hereditary monarch; 1964); Heir
Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1
January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July
1984) were
cabinet : Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign but are sovereign, responsible
to the legislature cabinet: Council Chamber of Ministers was Deputies
elections : none; the grand duke is a hereditary monarch; prime
minister and vice prime minister appointed by the sovereign, sovereign but are
responsible to the legislature Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign, responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- elections:
- none;
- the grand duke is a hereditary monarch;
- prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the sovereign but are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir
Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1
January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July
1984)cabinet : cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign, responsible
to the Chamber of Deputieselections : elections: none; the grand duke is a hereditary monarch; prime
minister and vice prime minister appointed by the sovereign but are
responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of the monarch, born 16 April 1955)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch, responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the monarch but are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir
Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, the monarch, born 16 April 1955)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1
January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July
1984)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the sovereign, monarch, responsible
to the Chamber of Deputies
elections: none; the grand duke monarch is a hereditary monarch; hereditary; prime
prime minister appointed by the sovereign monarch but are
Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964);
- Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of the monarch, born 16 April 1955);
- note - Grand Duke JEAN intends to abdicate in September 2000 in favor of his oldest son, Prince HENRI
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the monarch, following popular election to the Chamber of Deputies;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and DP
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964); Heir1955) 1955); note - Grand Duke JEAN intends to abdicate in September 2000 in favor of his oldest son, Prince HENRI
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1Jacques F. POOS Lydie POLFER (since 21 July 7 August 1999)
1984)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed recommended by the monarch, responsible prime minister and appointed by the
toChamber of Deputies monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and vicemonarch but monarch, following popular election to the Chamber of Deputies; they are responsible to the
note: government coalition - CSV and DP
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000);
- Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981);
- head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999) cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch elections: none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the monarch, following popular election to the Chamber of Deputies;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies note: government coalition - CSV and DP
chief of state: Grand Duke JEAN HENRI (since 12 November 1964); 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince HENRI GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 16 April 1955); note - Grand Duke JEAN intends to abdicate in September 2000 in favor of his oldest son, Prince HENRI11 November 1981); head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999)
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and DP
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981); 1981)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister and vice by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch, following popular election to the Chamber of Deputies; monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and DP
The same text in 3 editions, 2004 to 2006.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER Jean ASSELBORN (since 7 August 1999) 31 July 2004)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and DP LSAP
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981) monarch)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- the monarch is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch)
head of government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
- elections:
- the monarch is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
chief of state:
Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch) monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
elections:
the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note:
government coalition - CSV and LSAP
The same text in 3 editions, 2010 to 2012.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - CSV and LSAP
chief of state:
Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 20 January 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN (since 31 July 2004)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarch monarchy is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note:
government coalition - CSV and LSAP
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 25 October 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 25 July 2013)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - DP, LSAP, and the Green Party (first time since 1979 that the CSV is in opposition)
chief of state:
Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government:
Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER Xavier BETTEL (since 20 January 1995); 25 October 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Jean ASSELBORN Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 31 25 July 2004) 2013)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note:
government coalition - CSV DP, LSAP, and LSAP the Green Party (first time since 1979 that the CSV is in opposition)
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013)
- cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- the prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note: government coalition - DP, LSAP, and the Green Party (first time since 1979 that the CSV is in opposition)
chief of state:
Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government:
Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 25 October 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 25 July 4 December 2013)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; they the prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note:
government coalition - DP, LSAP, and the Green Party (first time since 1979 that the CSV is in opposition)
The same text in 2015 and 2016.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state:
head of government:
cabinet:minister and minister, appointed by the monarch(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following
elections:popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; the prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
note:
government coalition - DP, LSAP, and the Green Party (first time since 1979 that the CSV is in opposition)
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME, son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son GUILLAUME, son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981) 1981
head of government: Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
The same text in 3 editions, 2018 to 2020.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013);
- Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013);
- Deputy Prime Minister Felix BRAZ (since 5 December 2018)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME, son GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981 1981)
head of government: Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER (since 4 December 2013) 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Felix BRAZ (since 5 December 2018)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
The same text in 2021 and 2022.
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013);
- Deputy Prime Minister Francois BAUSCH (since 11 October 2019);
- Deputy Prime Minister Daniel KERSCH (since 4 February 2020)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government: Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Etienne SCHNEIDER Francois BAUSCH (since 4 December 2013); 11 October 2019); Deputy Prime Minister Felix BRAZ Daniel KERSCH (since 5 December 2018) 4 February 2020)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023); Deputy Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 17 November 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981)
head of government: Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 4 December 2013); Deputy Prime Minister Francois BAUSCH Luc FRIEDEN (since 11 October 2019); 17 November 2023); Deputy Prime Minister Daniel KERSCH Xavier BETTEL (since 4 February 2020) 17 November 2023)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- elections/appointments:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch;
- deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981) 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023); Deputy Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 17 November 2023)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
- chief of state:
- Grand Duke GUILLAUME (since 3 October 2025)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023)
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch
- election/appointment process:
- the monarchy is hereditary;
- following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister;
- deputy prime minister also appointed by the monarch;
- prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI GUILLAUME (since 7 3 October 2000) 2025)
head of government: Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023)
cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarchelections/appointments: election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed as prime minister by the monarch; minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Luxembourg: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/luxembourg/executive-branch.