Moldova

total:

2.31 cu km/yr (10%/58%/33%)

per capita:

549 cu m/yr (2000)

• heavy use of agricultural chemicals, including banned pesticides such as DDT, has contaminated soil and groundwater;
• extensive soil erosion from poor farming methods

party to:

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

noun:

Moldovan(s)

adjective:

Moldovan

at birth:

1.059 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.94 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.58 male(s)/female

total population:

0.91 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

conventional long form:

Republic of Moldova

conventional short form:

Moldova

local long form:

Republica Moldova

local short form:

Moldova

former:

Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic

name:

Chisinau in Romanian (Kishinev in Russian)

note: pronounced KEE-shee-now (KIH-shi-nyev)

geographic coordinates:

47 00 N, 28 51 E

time difference:

UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

daylight saving time:

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

• adopted 29 July 1994;
• effective 27 August 1994;
• note - replaced 1979 Soviet Constitution

represented in Parliament:

• Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir VORONIN];
• Democratic Party or PD [Marian LUPU];
• Liberal Democratic Party or PLDM [Vladimir FILAT];
• Liberal Party or PL [Mihai GHIMPU];
• Alliance for European Integration or AIE (coalition of the PD, PLDM, and PL)

not represented in Parliament:

• Christian Democratic People's Party or PPCD [Iurie ROSCA];
• Conservative Party or PC [Natalia NIRCA];
• Ecological Party of Moldova "Green Alliance" or PEMAVE [Vladimir BRAGA];
• European Action Movement or MAE [Veaceslav UNTILA];
• For Nation and Country Party or PpNT [Sergiu MOCANU];
• Humanist Party of Moldova or PUM [Valeriu PASAT];
• Labor Party or PM [Gheorghe SIMA];
• National Liberal Party or PNL [Vitalia PAVLICENKO];
• Our Moldova Alliance or AMN [Serafim URECHEAN];
• Patriots of Moldova Party or PPM [Mihail GARBUZ];
• Popular Republican Party or PPR [Nicolae ANDRONIC];
• Republican Party of Moldova or PRM [Andrei STRATAN];
• Roma Social Political Movement of the Republic of Moldova or MRRM [Ion BUCUR];
• Social Democratic Party or PSD [Victor SELIN];
• Social Political Movement "Equality" or MR [Valeriy KLIMENCO];
• United Moldova Party or PMUEM [Vladimir TURCAN]

chief of mission:

Ambassador Igor MUNTEANU

chancery:

2101 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 667-1130

FAX:

[1] (202) 667-1204

chief of mission:

Ambassador Asif J. CHAUDHRY

embassy:

103 Mateevici Street, Chisinau MD-2009

mailing address:

use embassy street address

telephone:

[373] (22) 40-8300

FAX:

[373] (22) 23-3044

• three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red;
• emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle of gold outlined in black with a red beak and talons carrying a yellow cross in its beak and a green olive branch in its right talons and a yellow scepter in its left talons;
• on its breast is a shield divided horizontally red over blue with a stylized aurochs head, star, rose, and crescent all in black-outlined yellow;
• based on the color scheme of the flag of Romania - with which Moldova shares a history and culture - but Moldova's blue band is lighter;
• the reverse of the flag does not display any coat of arms

note: one of only three national flags that differ on their obverse and reverse sides - the others are Paraguay and Saudi Arabia

name:

"Limba noastra" (Our Language)

lyrics/music:

Alexei MATEEVICI/Alexandru CRISTEA

note: adopted 1994

agriculture:

40.6%

industry:

16%

services:

43.3% (2005)

lowest 10%:

2.9%

highest 10%:

29.8% (2008)

• vegetables, fruits, grapes, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, tobacco;
• beef, milk;
• wine

• sugar, vegetable oil, food processing, agricultural machinery;
• foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines;
• hosiery, shoes, textiles

general assessment:

poor service outside Chisinau; some modernization is under way

domestic:

• depending on location, new subscribers may face long wait for service;
• multiple private operators of GSM mobile-cellular telephone service are operating;
• GPRS system is being introduced;
• a CDMA mobile telephone network began operations in 2007;
• combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity 90 per 100 persons

international:

• country code - 373;
• service through Romania and Russia via landline;
• satellite earth stations - at least 3 (Intelsat, Eutelsat, and Intersputnik) (2009)

• state-owned national radio-TV broadcaster operates 2 television and 2 radio stations;
• a total of nearly 40 terrestrial TV channels and some 50 radio stations are in operation;
• Russian and Romanian channels also are available (2007)

total:

1,190 km

country comparison to the world: 85

broad gauge:

1,176 km 1.520-m gauge

standard gauge:

14 km 1.435-m gauge (2010)

total:

9,343 km

country comparison to the world: 137

paved:

8,810 km

unpaved:

533 km (2008)

• 18 years of age for compulsory military service;
• 17 years of age for voluntary service;
• male registration required at age 16;
• 12-month service obligation (2009)

males age 16-49:

1,143,440

females age 16-49:

1,156,958 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49:

875,224

females age 16-49:

969,903 (2010 est.)

male:

28,213

female:

26,614 (2010 est.)

• limited cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis, mostly for CIS consumption;
• transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia via Central Asia to Russia, Western Europe, and possibly the US;
• widespread crime and underground economic activity