The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2025 Central America and the Caribbean
Executive branch Panama, in 35 editions.
The entry for Panama published Executive branch in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2025. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Executive branch in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Leaders” (1992 to 1993) and “Elections” (1992 to 1993).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2025 edition
Changed since 2024The same text in 1990 and 1991.
- president,
- two vice presidents,
- Cabinet
president, two vice presidents, Cabinet
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- two vice presidents,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Guillermo ENDARA (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
- First Vice President Ricardo ARIAS Calderon (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
- Second Vice President Guillermo FORD Boyd (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989)
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 7 May 1989, annulled but later upheld (next to be held NA May 1994);
- results - anti-NORIEGA coalition believed to have won about 75% of the total votes cast
- Legislative Assembly:
- last held on 27 January 1991 (next to be held NA May 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA;
- seats - (67 total)
- progovernment parties:
- PDC 28, MOLIRENA 16, PA 7, PLA 4
- opposition parties:
- PRD 10, PALA 1, PL 1; note - the PDC went into opposition after President Guillermo ENDARA ousted the PDC from the coalition government in April 1991
Rewritten: too little of the 1991 text remains to mark the changes.
president, two vice presidents, Cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Guillermo ENDARA (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
First Vice President Ricardo ARIAS Calderon (since 20 December 1989, elected
7 May 1989); Second Vice President Guillermo FORD Boyd (since 20 December
1989, elected 7 May 1989)
President:
last held on 7 May 1989, annulled but later upheld (next to be held NA May
1994); results - anti-NORIEGA coalition believed to have won about 75% of
the total votes cast
Legislative Assembly:
last held on 27 January 1991 (next to be held NA May 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (67 total)
progovernment parties:
PDC 28, MOLIRENA 16, PA 7, PLA 4
opposition parties:
PRD 10, PALA 1, PL 1; note - the PDC went into opposition after President
Guillermo ENDARA ousted the PDC from the coalition government in April 1991
Published as “Elections”
- President:
- last held on 7 May 1989, annulled but later upheld (next to be held May 1994);
- results - anti-NORIEGA coalition believed to have won about 75% of the total votes cast
- Legislative Assembly:
- last held on 27 January 1991 (next to be held NA May 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA;
- seats - (67 total)
- progovernment parties:
- PDC 28, MOLIRENA 15, PA 8, PLA 4
- opposition parties:
- PRD 10, PALA 1, PL 1; note - the PDC went into opposition after President Guillermo ENDARA ousted the PDC from the coalition government in April 1991
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- two vice presidents,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Guillermo ENDARA (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
- First Vice President Guillermo FORD Boyd (since 24 December 1992);
- Second Vice President (vacant)
president, two vice presidents, CabinetPresident:
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Guillermo ENDARA (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
First Vice President Ricardo ARIAS Calderon (since 20 December 1989, elected
7 May 1989); Second Vice President Guillermo FORD Boyd (since 20 December
1989, elected 7 May 1989)
last held on 7 May 1989, annulled but later upheld (next to be held NA May
1994); results - anti-NORIEGA coalition believed to have won about 75% of
the total votes cast
Legislative Assembly:
last held on 27 January 1991 (next to be held NA May 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (67 total)
progovernment parties:
PDC 28, MOLIRENA 16, 15, PA 7, 8, PLA 4
opposition parties:
PRD 10, PALA 1, PL 1; note - the PDC went into opposition after President
Guillermo ENDARA ousted the PDC from the coalition government in April 1991
president, two vice presidents, Cabinet
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Guillermo ENDARA (since 20 December 1989, elected 7 May 1989);
First Vice President Guillermo FORD Boyd (since 24 December 1992); Second
Vice President (vacant)
The entry for Panama did not include Executive branch.
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994, elected 8 May 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994 election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 9 May 1999); results - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; appointed by the president
Rewritten: too little of the 1993 text remains to mark the changes.
chief of state and head of government: President Ernesto PEREZ
BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994, elected 8 May
1994); First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1
September 1994); Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez
(since 1 September 1994 election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held
9 May 1999); results - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya
MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES
(MOLIRENA) 16%
cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994), First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994), Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994) were elected for five-year terms by popular vote;
- election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 9 May 1999);
- results - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
- cabinet:
- Cabinet was appointed by the president
chief of state and head of government: President Ernesto PEREZ
BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994, elected 8 May 1994), First Vice
1994);
President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 11994); 1994),
Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez
September 1994 1994) were elected for five-year terms by popular vote;
election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held
- Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya
29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES
cabinet: Cabinet; Cabinet was appointed by the president
- chief of state :
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government :
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 9 May 1999)
- election results:
- Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president;
- percent of vote - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
chief of state : President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla
(since 1 September 1994); First Vice President Tomas Gabriel
ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994); Second Vice President
Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government: government
head of government : President Ernesto PEREZ
Revilla (since 1 September 1994), 1994); First Vice
ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994),1994); Second Vice President
Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 11994) were 1994); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected for five-year terms on the same ticket by popular vote;
popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next
to be held 9 May 1999); results 1999)
election results: Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president; percent
of vote - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA)
(PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
cabinet: Cabinet was appointed by the president
- chief of state:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994);
- note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994);
- note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 2 May 1999)
- election results:
- Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president;
- percent of vote-Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
chief of state : state: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla
(since 1 September 1994); First Vice President Tomas Gabriel
ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994); Second Vice President
Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994); note - the note-the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government : government: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez
Revilla (since 1 September 1994); First Vice President Tomas Gabriel
ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994); Second Vice President
Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994); note - the note-the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by
popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next
to be held 9 2 May 1999)
election results: Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president; percent
of vote - Ernesto vote-Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER
(PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
- chief of state:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas ALTAMIRANO Duque (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe VIRZI (since 1 September 1994);
- note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (since 1 September 1994);
- First Vice President Tomas ALTAMIRANO Duque (since 1 September 1994);
- Second Vice President Felipe VIRZI (since 1 September 1994);
- note--the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 2 May 1999)
- election results:
- Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president;
- percent of vote--Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%
chief of state: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla(since 1
September 1994); First Vice President Tomas GabrielALTAMIRANO DUQUE Duque (since
1 September 1994); Second Vice PresidentAlejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1
September 1994); note-thenote--the president is both the chief of state and
head of government
head of government: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez (since 1
Revilla
September 1994); First Vice President Tomas GabrielALTAMIRANO DUQUE Duque (since
1 September 1994); Second Vice PresidentAlejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1
September 1994); note-thenote--the president is both the chief of state and
head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by
by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 8 May 1994 (next
(next to be held 2 May 1999)
election results: Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES elected president; percent
percent of vote-Ernesto vote--Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO
DE GRUBER
(MOLIRENA) 16%
- chief of state:
- President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President (Dominador) Kaiser Baldonero BAZAN (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President (Dominador) Kaiser Baldonero BAZAN (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004)
- election results:
- Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president; percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37%
note: government coalition - PRD, PLN, and Popular Nationalist Party
chief of state: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 11994); 1999); First Vice President Tomas ALTAMIRANO Duque Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since1994); 1999); Second Vice President Felipe VIRZI (Dominador) Kaiser Baldonero BAZAN (since 11994); note--the 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and
head of government: President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 11994); 1999); First Vice President Tomas ALTAMIRANO Duque Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since1994); 1999); Second Vice President Felipe VIRZI (Dominador) Kaiser Baldonero BAZAN (since 11994); note--the 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket8 2 May 19941999 (next to be held 2 NA May 1999) 2004)
election results: Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president;vote--Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO
DE GRUBER29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37%(MOLIRENA) 16% note: government coalition - PRD, PLN, and Popular Nationalist Party
- chief of state:
- President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms;
- election last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004) election results: Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president;
- percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37% note: government coalition - PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS
chief of state: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999); Second Vice President (Dominador) Kaiser Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government(Dominador) Kaiser Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of governmentPRD, PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, and Popular Nationalist Party PS
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
- chief of state:
- President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999);
- First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999);
- Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004)
note: government coalition - PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS
- election results:
- Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president; percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37%
chief of state: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (since 1 September 1999); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO (since 1 September 1999); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez (since 1 September 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 2 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004)
note: government coalition - PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS
election results: Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez elected president; percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37% note: government coalition - PA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
- chief of state:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms;
- election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held 3 May 2009);
- note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
- election results:
- Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president;
- percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
chief of state: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 1999); 2004); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 1999); 2004); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 1999); 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 1999); 2004); First Vice President Arturo Ulises VALLARINO Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 1999); 2004); Second Vice President Dominador "Kaiser" Baldonero BAZAN Jimenez Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 1999); 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 2 May 1999 2004 (next to be held NA 3 May 2004) 2009); note -
note: government coalitionPA, MOLIRENA, Democratic Change, MORENA, PLN, PS beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
election results: Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president; percent of vote - Mireya Elisa MOSCOSO Rodriguez (PA) 44%, Martin TORRIJOS (PRD) 37% Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
- chief of state:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (eligible for two more terms);
- election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held 3 May 2009);
- note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
- election results:
- Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president;
- percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
chief of state: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; terms (eligible for two more terms); election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held 3 May 2009); note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
election results: Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president; percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
- chief of state:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (eligible for two more terms);
- election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held on 3 May 2009);
- note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
- election results:
- Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president;
- percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
chief of state: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government 2004)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (eligible for two more terms); election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held on 3 May 2009); note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president.
election results: Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president; percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
- chief of state:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004);
- First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004);
- Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice presidents must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held on 3 May 2009);
- note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president
- election results:
- Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president;
- percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
chief of state: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice President Samuel LEWIS Navarro (since 1 September 2004); Second Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes (since 1 September 2004)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice presidents elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (eligible (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice presidents must sit out two more terms); additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held 2 May 2004 (next to be held on 3 May 2009); note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president. president
election results: Martin TORRIJOS Espino elected president; percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
- chief of state:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009);
- Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice president must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held 3 May 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
- election results:
- Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president;
- percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%,
- Balbina HERRERA 38%,
- Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note: government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
chief of state: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice
President Samuel LEWIS Navarro Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 September 2004); Second July 2009); Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 September 2004); July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Martin TORRIJOS Espino (since 1 September 2004); First Vice
President Samuel LEWIS Navarro Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 September 2004); Second July 2009); Vice President Ruben AROSEMENA Valdes Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 September 2004) July 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
elections:
president and vice presidents president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice presidents president must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held 2 3 May 2004 2009 (next to be held on 3 May 2009); note - beginning in 2009, Panama will have only one vice president 2014)
election results: Martin TORRIJOS Espino
Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president; percent of vote - Martin TORRIJOS Espino 47.5%, Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 30.6%, Jose Miguel ALEMAN 17%, Ricardo MARTINELLI 4.9% 2%
note:
government coalition - PRD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Party)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
- chief of state:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009);
- Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice president must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
- election results:
- Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president;
- percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%,
- Balbina HERRERA 38%,
- Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note: government coalition - CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party)
chief of state:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not eligible for immediate reelection; president and vice president must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
election results:
Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note:
government coalition - PRD CD (Democratic Revolutionary Party), PP (Popular Change), Panamenista, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party)
- chief of state:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009);
- Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
- election results:
- Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president;
- percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%,
- Balbina HERRERA 38%,
- Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note: the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
chief of state:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (not (president not eligible for immediate reelection; president reelection and vice president must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in 2014)
election results:
Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note:
the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista, Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
- chief of state:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009);
- Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009);
- note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
- election results:
- Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president;
- percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%,
- Balbina HERRERA 38%,
- Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note: the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
chief of state:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
election results:
Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note:
the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
- chief of state:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009);
- Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
- elections:
- president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection);
- election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
- election results:
- Juan Carlos VARELA elected president;
- percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO 28.2%, other 1.3%;
- note - Juan Carlos VARELA is expected to take office 1 July 2014
note: the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister, prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
chief of state:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
election results:Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2% Juan Carlos VARELA 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO 28.2%, other 1.3%; note - Juan Carlos VARELA is expected to take office 1 July 2014
note:
the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister Minister, prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
- chief of state:
- President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014);
- Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez (since 1 July 2009)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 4 May 2014;
- next to be held in 2019)
- election results:
- Juan Carlos VARELA elected president;
- percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%,
- Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%,
- Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%,
- other 1.3%
note: the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister, prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party ran separate candidates for the 2014 presidency
chief of state:Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009); 2014); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2009); 2014); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:
cabinet:(For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same
elections:ticket ballot by simple majority popular vote for five-year terms a 5-year term (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 3 4 May 2009 (next 2014; next to be held in May 2014) 2019)
election results:1.3%; note - Juan Carlos VARELA is expected to take office 1 July 2014 1.3%
note:has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will run ran separate candidates for the presidency in 2014 presidency
- chief of state:
- President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014);
- Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 4 May 2014;
- next to be held in 2019)
- election results:
- Juan Carlos VARELA elected president;
- percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%,
- Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%,
- Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%,
- other 1.3%
note: an alliance between the Panamenista Party and Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) fractured after the 2014 election, but a loose coalition composed of Panamenista and moderate PRD and CD legislators generally work together to support the president’s agenda
chief of state: President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009); 2014); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2009) 2014)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 4 May 2014; next to be held in 2019)
election results: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%
note: an alliance between the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), Party and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when President MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister, prompting Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) fractured after the Panamenistas to pull out 2014 election, but a loose coalition composed of the coalition; UP merged with CD, Panamenista and CD moderate PRD and the Panamenista Party ran separate candidates for CD legislators generally work together to support the 2014 presidency president’s agenda
The same text in 2017 and 2018.
- chief of state:
- President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014);
- Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term;
- president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 4 May 2014 (next to be held in 2019)
- election results:
- Juan Carlos VARELA elected president;
- percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%,
- Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%,
- Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%,
- other 1.3%
chief of state: President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2014); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado (since 1 July 2014)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (president term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 4 May 2014; next 2014 (next to be held in 2019)
election results: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%
note: an alliance between the Panamenista Party and Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) fractured after the 2014 election, but a loose coalition composed of Panamenista and moderate PRD and CD legislators generally work together to support the president’s agenda
The same text in 2019 and 2020.
- chief of state:
- President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019);
- Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term;
- president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 5 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)
- election results:
- Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president;
- percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
chief of state: President Juan Carlos VARELA Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2014); 2019); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2014); 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Juan Carlos VARELA Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2014); 2019); Vice President Isabel de SAINT MALO de Alvarado Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2014) 2019)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 4 5 May 2014 2019 (next to be held in 2019) 2024)
election results: Juan Carlos VARELA Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 28.2%, 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
The same text in 3 editions, 2021 to 2023.
- chief of state:
- President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019);
- Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019);
- note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
- head of government:
- President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term;
- president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 5 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)
- election results:
- 2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president;
- percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
- 2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president;
- percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%
chief of state: President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen (since 1 July 2019)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 5 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)
election results:
2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3%
- chief of state:
- President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
- head of government:
- President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- elections/appointments:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term;
- president eligible for a single non-consecutive term);
- election last held on 5 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029)
- election results:
- 2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president;
- percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%
- 2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president;
- percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
chief of state: President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government 2024)
head of government: President Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen (since 1 July 2019); Vice President Jose Gabriel CARRIZO Jaen José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2019) 2024)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 5 May 2019 2024 (next to be held in 2024) May 2029)
election results:
2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president; percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%
2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panamenista (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%2014: Juan Carlos VARELA elected president; percent note: the president is both chief of vote - Juan Carlos VARELA (PP) 39.1%, Jose Domingo ARIAS (CD) 31.4%, Juan Carlos NAVARRO (PRD) 28.2%, other 1.3% state and head of government
- chief of state:
- President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
- head of government:
- President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
- cabinet:
- Cabinet appointed by the president
- election/appointment process:
- president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term;
- president eligible for a single non-consecutive term)
- most recent election date:
- 5 May 2024
- election results:
- 2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president;
- percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%
- 2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president;
- percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
- expected date of next election:
- May 2029
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
chief of state: President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
head of government: President José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: election/appointment process: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); term)
most recent election last held on date: 5 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029)
election results:
2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president; percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%
2019: Laurentino "Nito" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%
expected date of next election: May 2029
note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
No edition has those words. Try a shorter word.
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Panama: Executive branch.” The World Factbook, 1990–2025 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/panama/executive-branch.