The CIA World Factbook Every edition, 1990 to 2024 South America
Telecommunication systems Paraguay, in 35 editions.
The entry for Paraguay published Telecommunication systems in 35 editions of 36, from 1990 to 2024. The text changed in 26 editions. Each is shown as published. Telecommunication systems in every entry.
- editions changed the text
- 26
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2024
Published as “Telecommunications” (1990 to 1994), “Telephone system” (1995 to 2019) and “Telecommunication systems” (2020 to 2024).
field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe edition shownChoose an edition on the strip beside the text, or step through them with the arrows. Mark changes compares it with the edition before: the marks are ours, words added and words removed.
2024 edition
Same as 2023The same text in 1990 and 1991.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- principal center in Asuncion;
- fair intercity microwave net;
- 78,300 telephones;
- stations--40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7 shortwave;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
principal center in Asuncion; fair intercity microwave net; 78,300 telephones; stations--40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7 shortwave; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
The same text in 1992 and 1993.
Published as “Telecommunications”
- principal center in Asuncion;
- fair intercity microwave net;
- 78,300 telephones;
- broadcast stations - 40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7 shortwave;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
principal center in Asuncion; fair intercity microwave net; 78,300
telephones; stations--40 broadcast stations - 40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7 shortwave; 1 Atlantic
Ocean INTELSAT earth station
Published as “Telecommunications”
- meager telephone service;
- principal switching center in Asuncion;
- fair intercity microwave net;
- 78,300 telephones;
- telephone density - 16 telephones per 1,000 persons;
- broadcast stations - 40 AM, no FM, 5 TV, 7 shortwave;
- 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
meager telephone service; principal switching center in Asuncion; fair
intercity microwave net; 78,300telephones; telephone density - 16
telephones per 1,000 persons; broadcast stations - 40 AM, no FM, 5 TV,
7 shortwave; 1 AtlanticOcean INTELSAT earth station
Published as “Telephone system”
- 78,300 telephones;
- 16 telephones/1,000 persons;
- meager telephone service;
- principal switching center in Asuncion
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
Rewritten: too little of the 1994 text remains to mark the changes.
78,300 telephones; 16 telephones/1,000 persons;
meager telephone service; principal switching center in Asuncion
local: NA
intercity: fair microwave radio relay network
international: 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
Published as “Telephone system”
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
78,300 telephones; 16 telephones/1,000 persons;meager telephone service; principal switching
center in is Asuncionlocal: NA domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
intercity:
international: satellite earth station - 1 INTELSAT Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
Published as “Telephone system”
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
meager telephone service; principal switchingcenter
is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station-1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
meager telephone service; principal switching center
is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth station - 1 station-1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station--1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
meager telephone service; principal switching center
center is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth station-1 station--1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
meager telephone service; principal switchingcenter is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth station--1 station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion domestic: fair microwave radio relay network international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asunciondomestic: fair microwave radio relay networkinternational: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
The same text in 2002 and 2003.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
The same text in 2004 and 2005.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
The same text in 2006 and 2007.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- fair microwave radio relay network
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly;
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic: fair microwave radio relay network the fixed-line market is a state monopoly; deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly;
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
general assessment:
meager telephone service; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic:
the fixed-line market is a state monopoly; deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international:
country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
The same text in 2010 and 2011.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
general assessment:meager the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service; service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic:the fixed-line market is a state monopoly; deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international:
country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic:
deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international:
country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
The same text in 2013 and 2014.
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010)
general assessment:
the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic:
deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international:
country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010)
general assessment:the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic:deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international:country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2015)
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010) (2015)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2016)
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers providers; Internet market also open to competition
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2015) (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion (2016)
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition (2016)
- international:
- country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2016)
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion (2016)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition (2016)
international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2016)
Published as “Telephone system”
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager;
- principal switching center is in Asuncion;
- DSL, cable modem, FttP (fiber to the home) and WiMAX technologies available;
- competition in mobile market among 4 operators;
- 18 mobile phones for every fixed-line service phone (2018)
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition;
- fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 108 per 100 (2018)
- international:
- country code - 595;
- Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services;
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion (2016) Asuncion; DSL, cable modem, FttP (fiber to the home) and WiMAX technologies available; competition in mobile market among 4 operators; 18 mobile phones for every fixed-line service phone (2018)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition (2016) competition; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 108 per 100 (2018)
international: country code - 595; Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2016) (2019)
- general assessment:
- the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager;
- principal switching center is in Asuncion;
- DSL, cable modem, FttP (fiber to the home) and WiMAX technologies available;
- competition in mobile market among 4 operators;
- 18 mobile phones for every fixed-line service phone;
- mobile and Internet market operators bring new investment and working towards LTE (2020)
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition;
- fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 per 100 (2019)
- international:
- country code - 595;
- Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services;
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion; DSL, cable modem, FttP (fiber to the home) and WiMAX technologies available; competition in mobile market among 4 operators; 18 mobile phones for every fixed-line service phone (2018) phone; mobile and Internet market operators bring new investment and working towards LTE (2020)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 108 107 per 100 (2018) (2019)
international: country code - 595; Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
- general assessment:
- limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to telecom platform;
- monopolized fixed-line service;
- effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE;
- deployment of fiber;
- South Korean investment in education centers;
- operator enabled 100 free Internet points across the country;
- Inter-American Development Bank loan supports modernization within regulatory framework;
- dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables;
- major importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2020)
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition;
- fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 per 100 (2019)
- international:
- country code - 595;
- Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services;
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
general assessment: the fixed-line market is a state monopoly limited progress on structural reform and fixed-line telephone service is meager; principal switching center is in Asuncion; DSL, cable modem, FttP (fiber to deficient infrastructure of the home) and WiMAX technologies available; landlocked country are obstacles to telecom platform; monopolized fixed-line service; effective competition in mobile market among 4 operators; 18 mobile phones for every fixed-line service phone; mobile and Internet market operators bring new market, serving 96% of population through LTE; deployment of fiber; South Korean investment and working towards LTE in education centers; operator enabled 100 free Internet points across the country; Inter-American Development Bank loan supports modernization within regulatory framework; dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables; major importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2020)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 per 100 (2019)
international: country code - 595; Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect consequent restriction on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable services as a tool for work and satellite - has moderated school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
- general assessment:
- limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to the telecom platform;
- effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE;
- deployment of fiber;
- operator enabled 109 free Internet points across the country and is looking to expand to 430 points in 2022;
- dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables (2022)
- domestic:
- deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers;
- Internet market also open to competition;
- fixed-line just over 3 per 100 and mobile-cellular just over 105 per 100 of the population (2020)
- international:
- country code - 595;
- Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services;
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
general assessment: limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to the telecom platform; monopolized fixed-line service; effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE; deployment of fiber; South Korean investment in education centers; operator enabled 100 109 free Internet points across the country; Inter-American Development Bank loan supports modernization within regulatory framework; country and is looking to expand to 430 points in 2022; dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables; major importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2020) cables (2022)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition; fixed-line 4 just over 3 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 just over 105 per 100 (2019) of the population (2020)
international: country code - 595; Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards toward 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and has increased due to the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became is still evident, and received some support from governments the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
The same text in 2023 and 2024.
- general assessment:
- limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to the telecom platform;
- effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE;
- deployment of fiber;
- operator enabled 109 free Internet points across the country and is looking to expand to 430 points in 2022;
- dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables (2022)
- domestic:
- fixed-line just over 3 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 119 per 100 of the population (2021)
- international:
- country code - 595;
- Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services;
- satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
general assessment: limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to the telecom platform; effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE; deployment of fiber; operator enabled 109 free Internet points across the country and is looking to expand to 430 points in 2022; dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables (2022)
domestic: deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition; fixed-line just over 3 per 100 and mobile-cellular just over 105 is 119 per 100 of the population (2020) (2021)
international: country code - 595; Paraguay's landlocked position means they must depend on neighbors for interconnection with submarine cable networks, making it cost more for broadband services; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2019)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services
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Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. “Paraguay: Telecommunication systems.” The World Factbook, 1990–2024 editions. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/paraguay/telecommunication-systems.