Timor-Leste

• Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago;
• note - Timor-Leste includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco

• tropical;
• hot, humid;
• distinct rainy and dry seasons

• floods and landslides are common;
• earthquakes;
• tsunamis;
• tropical cyclones

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

at birth:

1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.91 male(s)/female

total population:

1.03 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

degree of risk:

very high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases:

chikungunya, dengue fever and malaria (2009)

noun:

Timorese

adjective:

Timorese

definition:

age 15 and over can read and write

total population:

58.6%

male:

NA

female:

NA (2002)

conventional long form:

Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (pronounced TEE-mor LESS-tay)

conventional short form:

Timor-Leste

local long form:

Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese]

local short form:

Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese]

former:

East Timor, Portuguese Timor

name:

Dili

geographic coordinates:

8 35 S, 125 36 E

time difference:

UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• 28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal);
• note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia

• UN-drafted legal system based on Indonesian law remains in place but is to be replaced by civil and penal codes based on Portuguese law;
• these have passed but have not been promulgated;
• has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

chief of state:

• President Jose RAMOS-HORTA (since 20 May 2007);
• note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections

head of government:

• Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 8 August 2007), note - he formerly used the name Jose Alexandre GUSMAO;
• Vice Prime Minister Mario Viegas CARRASCALAO (since 5 March 2009);
• Vice Prime Minister Jose Luis GUTERRES (since 8 August 2007)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term);
• election last held on 9 April 2007 with run-off on 8 May 2007 (next to be held in May 2012);
• following elections, president appoints leader of majority party or majority coalition as prime minister

election results:

Jose RAMOS-HORTA elected president; percent of vote - Jose RAMOS-HORTA 69.2%, Francisco GUTTERES 30.8%

• Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by Superior Council for Judiciary;
• note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is highest court

• Democratic Party or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO];
• National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction or CNRT [Xanana GUSMAO];
• National Democratic Union of Timorese Resistance or UNDERTIM [Cornelio DA Conceicao GAMA];
• National Unity Party or PUN [Fernanda BORGES];
• People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER];
• Revolutionary Front of Independent Timor-Leste or FRETILIN [Mari ALKATIRI];
• Social Democratic Association of Timor or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL];
• Social Democratic Party or PSD [Zacarias Albano da COSTA];
• Sons of the Mountain Warriors or KOTA [Manuel TILMAN] (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes)

chief of mission:

Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jorge Trindade NEVES de Camoes

chancery:

4201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 504,Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 966-3202

FAX:

[1] (202) 966-3205

chief of mission:

Ambassador Hans G. KLEMM

embassy:

Avenida de Portugal, Praia dos Conqueiros, Dili

mailing address:

US Department of State, 8250 Dili Place, Washington, DC 20521-8250

telephone:

(670) 332-4684

FAX:

(670) 331-3206

• red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag;
• a white star is in the center of the black triangle

agriculture:

90%

industry:

NA%

services:

NA% (2006 est.)

lowest 10%:

NA%

highest 10%:

NA%

general assessment:

rudimentary service limited to urban areas

domestic:

• system suffered significant damage during the violence associated with independence;
• extremely limited fixed-line services;
• mobile-cellular services and coverage limited primarily to urban areas

international:

country code - 670; international service is available in major urban centers

total:

6,040 km

country comparison to the world: 149

paved:

2,600 km

unpaved:

3,440 km (2005)

total:

1

country comparison to the world: 156

by type:

passenger/cargo 1 (2008)

males age 16-49:

284,903

females age 16-49:

272,212 (2008 est.)

males age 16-49:

230,534

females age 16-49:

238,610 (2009 est.)

male:

12,887

female:

12,529 (2009 est.)

• Timor-Leste-Indonesia Boundary Committee has resolved all but a small portion of the land boundary, but discussions on maritime boundaries are stalemated over sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Pulau Batek/Fatu Sinai in the north and alignment with Australian claims in the south;
• many refugees who left Timor-Leste in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation;
• Australia and Timor-Leste agreed in 2005 to defer the disputed portion of the boundary for 50 years and to split hydrocarbon revenues evenly outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty