American Samoa
Territory of American Samoa
NAIndependence none (territory of the US)
American Samoa as the 2005 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 104 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.
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Introduction
1 fieldBackground
Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Geography
Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
17 fieldsLand useshare of 199 sq km
Location
Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
Climate
- tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds;
- annual rainfall averages about 3 m;
- rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October;
- little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain
five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Environment - current issues
limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Geography - note
- Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds;
- strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
People
19 fieldsAge structuremale left, female right · (2005 est.)
Per 1,000 population(2005 est.)
Male · female
Ethnic groups(2000 census)
Sex ratio
- at birth:
- 1.06 male(s)/female
- under 15 years:
- 1.08 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years:
- 1.07 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over:
- 0.62 male(s)/female
- total population:
- 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Languages
Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Government
NA; President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001); Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003)
19 fieldsPresidential electionpercent of vote
House of Representatives, 18 seats, elected 2 November 2004one dot, one seat
Country name
- conventional long form:
- Territory of American Samoa
- conventional short form:
- American Samoa
- abbreviation:
- AS
Dependency status
unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Administrative divisions
- none (territory of the US);
- there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order;
- Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
Executive branch
- chief of state:
- President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
- head of government:
- Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003)
- cabinet:
- cabinet made up of 12 department directors
- elections:
- US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms;
- governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms;
- election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008)
- election results:
- Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%
Legislative branch
bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)
- elections:
- House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008)
- election results:
- House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%;
- seats by party - NA;
- Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%;
- seats by party - independents 18
note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate
Judicial branch
High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Political parties and leaders
Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Flag description
- blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side;
- a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
Economy
This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned.
34 fieldsTrading partnersexports left, imports right
Electricity
Economy - overview
This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export.
Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.
Agriculture - products
bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Imports - commodities
materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%
Communications
7 fieldsTelephone system
- general assessment:
- NA
- domestic:
- good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station
- international:
- country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Transportation
5 fieldsAirports by runway lengthpaved only
Airports by runway lengthunpaved only
Military
1 fieldTransnational Issues
1 fieldCite this entry
Central Intelligence Agency. “American Samoa.” The World Factbook 2005. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/american-samoa/2005.