Netherlands Antilles
parliamentaryIndependence none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Netherlands Antilles as the 2002 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 112 fields, one of 21 editions from 1990 to 2010.
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Introduction
1 fieldBackground
Once the center of the Caribbean slave trade, the island of Curacao was hard hit by the abolition of slavery in 1863. Its prosperity (and that of neighboring Aruba) was restored in the early 20th century with the construction of oil refineries to service the newly discovered Venezuelan oil fields. The island of Saint Martin is shared with France; its northern portion is named Saint-Martin and is part of Guadeloupe, and its southern portion is named Sint Maarten and is part of the Netherlands Antilles.
Geography
Caribbean, two island groups in the Caribbean Sea - one includes Curacao and Bonaire north of Venezuela; the other is east of the Virgin Islands
17 fieldsLand useshare of 960 sq km
Location
Caribbean, two island groups in the Caribbean Sea - one includes Curacao and Bonaire north of Venezuela; the other is east of the Virgin Islands
Natural hazards
- Curacao and Bonaire are south of Caribbean hurricane belt and are rarely threatened;
- Sint Maarten, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are subject to hurricanes from July to October
Geography - note
the five islands of the Netherlands Antilles are divided geographically into the Leeward Islands (northern) group (Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten) and the Windward Islands (southern) group (Bonaire and Curacao)
People
18 fieldsPer 1,000 population(2002 est.)
Male · female
Age structure
- 0-14 years:
- 25% (male 27,351; female 26,135)
- 15-64 years:
- 67.1% (male 68,431; female 75,312)
- 65 years and over:
- 7.9% (male 7,049; female 9,980) (2002 est.)
Sex ratio
- at birth:
- 1.05 male(s)/female
- under 15 years:
- 1.05 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years:
- 0.91 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over:
- 0.71 male(s)/female
- total population:
- 0.92 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Languages
Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) predominates, English widely spoken, Spanish
Government
Parliamentary; Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Frits GOEDGEDRAG (since 1 July 2002); Prime Minister Etienne YS (since 3 June 2002)
19 fieldsStates or Staten, 22 seats, elected 18 January 2002one dot, one seat
Country name
- conventional long form:
- none
- conventional short form:
- Netherlands Antilles
- local long form:
- none
- former:
- Curacao and Dependencies
- local short form:
- Nederlandse Antillen
Dependency status
- part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands;
- full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 1954;
- Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Administrative divisions
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) note: each island has its own government
National holiday
Queen's Day (Birthday of Queen-Mother JULIANA in 1909 and accession to the throne of her oldest daughter BEATRIX in 1980), 30 April
Executive branch
- chief of state:
- Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Frits GOEDGEDRAG (since 1 July 2002)
- head of government:
- Prime Minister Etienne YS (since 3 June 2002)
- elections:
- the monarch is hereditary;
- governor general appointed by the monarch for a six-year term;
- following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually elected prime minister by the Staten;
- election last held 18 January 2002 (next to be held by NA 2006)
note: government coalition - PDB, DP-St. M, FOL, PLKP, PNP
- cabinet:
- Council of Ministers elected by the Staten
Legislative branch
unicameral States or Staten (22 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
- election results:
- percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FOL 5, PAR 4, PNP 3, PLKP 2, DP-St.M 2, UPB 2, DP 1, MAN 1, PDB 1, WIPM 1
note: the government of Prime Minister Miguel POURIER is a coalition of several parties; current seats by party - PAR 4, PNP 3, FOL 2, MAN 2, UPB 2, DP-St. M 2, PDB 1, SEA 1, WIPM 1, other 4
- elections:
- last held 18 January 2002 (next to be held NA 2006)
Political parties and leaders
- Antillean Restructuring Party or PAR [Miguel POURIER];
- C 93 [Stanley BROWN];
- Democratic Party of Bonaire or PDB [Jopi ABRAHAM];
- Democratic Party of Curacao or DP [Errol HERNANDEZ];
- Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius or DP-St. E [Julian WOODLEY];
- Democratic Party of Sint Maarten or DP-St. M [Sarah WESCOTT-WILLIAMS];
- Foundation Energetic Management Anti-Narcotics or FAME [Eric LODEWIJKS];
- Labor Party People's Crusade or PLKP [Errol COVA];
- National People's Party or PNP [Susanne F. C. CAMELIA-ROMER];
- New Antilles Movement or MAN [Kenneth GIJSBERTHA];
- Patriotic Union of Bonaire or UPB [Ramon BOOI];
- Patriotic Movement of Sint Maarten or SPA [Vance JAMES, Jr.];
- People's Party or PAPU [Richard Hodi];
- Pro Curacao Party or PPK [Winston LOURENS];
- Saba Democratic Labor Movement [Steve HASSELL];
- Saba Unity Party [Carmen SIMMONDS];
- St. Eustatius Alliance or SEA [Kenneth VAN PUTTEN];
- Serious Alternative People's Party or Sapp [Julian ROLLOCKS];
- Social Action Cause or KAS [Benny DEMEI];
- Windward Islands People's Movement or WIPM [Will JOHNSTON];
- Workers' Liberation Front or FOL [Anthony GODETT, Rignald LAK, Editha WRIGHT]
note: political parties are indigenous to each island
International organization participation
Caricom (observer), CCC, ECLAC (associate), Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), UPU, WCL, WMO, WToO (associate)
Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission:
- Consul General Deborah A. BOLTON
- consulate(s) general:
- J. B. Gorsiraweg #1, Willemstad AN, Curacao
- mailing address:
- P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao
- telephone:
- [599] (9) 4613066
- FAX:
- [599] (9) 4616489
Flag description
- white, with a horizontal blue stripe in the center superimposed on a vertical red band, also centered;
- five white, five-pointed stars are arranged in an oval pattern in the center of the blue band;
- the five stars represent the five main islands of Bonaire, Curacao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten
Economy
Tourism, petroleum refining, and offshore finance are the mainstays of this small economy, which is closely tied to the outside world.
32 fieldsGDP - composition by sector(1996 est.)
Trading partnersexports left, imports right
Electricity
Economy - overview
Tourism, petroleum refining, and offshore finance are the mainstays of this small economy, which is closely tied to the outside world. Although GDP has declined in each of the past five years, the islands enjoy a high per capita income and a well-developed infrastructure compared with other countries in the region.
Almost all consumer and capital goods are imported, the US and Mexico being the major suppliers. Poor soils and inadequate water supplies hamper the development of agriculture.
Industries
tourism (Curacao, Sint Maarten, and Bonaire), petroleum refining (Curacao), petroleum transshipment facilities (Curacao and Bonaire), light manufacturing (Curacao)
Economic aid - recipient
IMF provided $61 million in 2000, and the Netherlands continued its support with $40 million
Communications
10 fieldsTelephone system
- general assessment:
- generally adequate facilities
- domestic:
- extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
- international:
- submarine cables - 2; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Television broadcast stations
3 (there is also a cable service which supplies programs received from various US satellite networks and two Venezuelan channels) (1997)
Transportation
7 fieldsMerchant marine, 123 ships by typeships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,056,362 GRT/1,341,735 DWT
Airports by runway lengthpaved only
Networkskm
Military
No regular indigenous military forces; Royal Netherlands Navy, Marine Corps, Royal Netherlands Air Force, National Guard, Police Force
6 fieldsMilitary branches
no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Netherlands Navy, Marine Corps, Royal Netherlands Air Force, National Guard, Police Force
Transnational Issues
2 fieldsIllicit drugs
transshipment point for South American drugs bound for the US and Europe; money-laundering center
Cite this entry
Central Intelligence Agency. “Netherlands Antilles.” The World Factbook 2002. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/netherlands-antilles/2002.