Senegal

• tropical;
• hot, humid;
• rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds;
• dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind

total:

2.22 cu km/yr (4%/3%/93%)

per capita:

190 cu m/yr (2002)

• wildlife populations threatened by poaching;
• deforestation;
• overgrazing;
• soil erosion;
• desertification;
• overfishing

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

at birth:

1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.87 male(s)/female

total population:

0.99 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

degree of risk:

very high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases:

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, malaria, Rift Valley fever, and yellow fever

water contact disease:

schistosomiasis

respiratory disease:

meningococcal meningitis

animal contact disease:

rabies (2009)

noun:

Senegalese (singular and plural)

adjective:

Senegalese

conventional long form:

Republic of Senegal

conventional short form:

Senegal

local long form:

Republique du Senegal

local short form:

Senegal

former:

Senegambia (along with The Gambia), Mali Federation

name:

Dakar

geographic coordinates:

14 40 N, 17 26 W

time difference:

UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• based on French civil law system;
• judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court;
• the Council of State audits the government's accounting office;
• accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

chief of state:

President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)

head of government:

Prime Minister Soulayemane Ndene NDIAYE (since 1 May 2009)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president; (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term) under new constitution;
• election last held on 25 February 2007 (next to be held in 2012);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

Abdoulaye WADE reelected president; percent of vote - Abdoulaye WADE 55.9%, Idrissa SECK 14.9%, Ousmane Tanor DIENG 13.6%, Moustapha NIASSE 5.9%, other 9.7%

• Constitutional Court;
• Council of State;
• Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation;
• Court of Appeals

• African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP];
• Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar [Macky Sall];
• Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE];
• And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS [Landing SAVANE];
• Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY];
• Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE];
• Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS];
• Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO];
• Jef-Jel [Talla SYLLA];
• National Democratic Rally or RND [Madior DIOUF];
• People's Labor Party or PTP [El Hadji DIOUF];
• Reform Party or PR [Abdourahim AGNE];
• Rewmi Party [Idrissa Seck];
• Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE];
• Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG];
• SOPI Coalition [Abdoulaye WADE] (a coalition led by the PDS);
• Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]

other:

• labor;
• students;
• Sufi brotherhoods, including the Mourides and Tidjanes;
• teachers

chief of mission:

Ambassador Fatou Danielle DIAGNE

chancery:

2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 234-0540

FAX:

[1] (202) 332-6315

consulate(s) general:

Houston, New York

chief of mission:

Ambassador Marcia S. BERNICAT

embassy:

Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar

mailing address:

B. P. 49, Dakar

telephone:

[221] 33-829-2100

FAX:

[221] 33-822-2991

• three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band;
• green represents Islam, progress, and hope;
• yellow signifies natural wealth and progress;
• red symbolizes sacrifice and determination;
• the star denotes unity and hope

note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia; the colors from left to right are the same as those of neighboring Mali and the reverse of those on the flag of neighboring Guinea

name:

"Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons" (Pluck Your Koras, Strike the Balafons)

lyrics/music:

Leopold Sedar SENGHOR/Herbert PEPPER

note: adopted 1960; the lyrics were written by Leopold Sedar SENGHOR, Senegal"s first president; the anthem is sometimes played incorporating the Koras (harp-like stringed instruments) and Balafons (types of xylophones) mentioned in the title

agriculture:

77.5%

industry and services:

22.5% (2007 est.)

lowest 10%:

2.5%

highest 10%:

30.1% (2005)

• peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables;
• cattle, poultry, pigs;
• fish

• agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining;
• iron ore, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair

general assessment:

good system with microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system

domestic:

• above-average urban system with a fiber-optic network;
• nearly two-thirds of all fixed-line connections are in Dakar where a call-center industry is emerging;
• expansion of fixed-line services in rural areas needed;
• mobile-cellular service is expanding rapidly

international:

• country code - 221;
• the SAT-3/WASC fiber optic cable provides connectivity to Europe and Asia while Atlantis-2 provides connectivity to South America;
• satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

• state-run Radiodiffusion Television Senegalaise (RTS) operates 2 TV stations;
• a few private TV subscription channels rebroadcast foreign channels without providing any local news or programs;
• RTS operates a national radio network and a number of regional FM stations;
• a large number of community and private-broadcast radio stations are available;
• transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are accessible on FM in Dakar (2007)

total:

906 km

country comparison to the world: 94

narrow gauge:

906 km 1.000 meter gauge (2008)

total:

13,576 km

country comparison to the world: 127

paved:

3,972 km (includes 7 km of expressways)

unpaved:

9,604 km (2003)

total:

1

country comparison to the world: 155

by type:

passenger/cargo 1 (2010)

males age 16-49:

3,211,279

females age 16-49:

3,250,128 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49:

2,109,080

females age 16-49:

2,287,510 (2010 est.)

male:

157,468

female:

156,689 (2010 est.)

• The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem separatist violence, cross border raids, and arms smuggling into their countries from Senegal's Casamance region, and in 2006, respectively accepted 6,000 and 10,000 Casamance residents fleeing the conflict;
• 2,500 Guinea-Bissau residents fled into Senegal in 2006 to escape armed confrontations along the border

refugees (country of origin):

19,630 (Mauritania)

IDPs:

22,400 (approximately 65% of the IDP population returned in 2005, but new displacement is occurring due to clashes between government troops and separatists in Casamance region) (2007)