Uganda

republicIndependence 9 October 1962 (from UK)

Uganda as the 1992 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 72 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalKampala
Area236,040 km2
1992

Every edition of Uganda

Populationas each edition published it
19.39 million July 1992 · 17.96m in 1990
Population growth% a year
Not in this edition 2.69% in 1993
Median ageyears
Not in this edition 14.7 yrs in 2003
Life expectancyyears at birth
Not in this edition 38.4 yrs in 1993
Fertility ratechildren per woman
7.2 children per woman 1992 · 7.4 in 1990
Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births
91 deaths per 1,000 live births 1992 · 107 in 1990
GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars
Not in this edition $300 in 1993
GDP real growth% a year
Not in this edition 4% in 1993

Geography

13 fields
Total area
236,040km2
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Oregon
Land boundaries
2,698km total
Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km, Zaire 765 km

Land area

199,710 km2

Coastline

none - landlocked

Climate

  • tropical;
  • generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August);
  • semiarid in northeast

Terrain

mostly plateau with rim of mountains

Natural resources

copper, cobalt, limestone, salt

Land use

  • arable land 23%;
  • permanent crops 9%;
  • meadows and pastures 25%;
  • forest and woodland 30%;
  • other 13%;
  • includes irrigated NEGL%

Environment

  • straddles Equator;
  • deforestation;
  • overgrazing;
  • soil erosion

Note

landlocked

People

14 fields
Population
19,386,104
(July 1992), growth rate 3.7% (1992)

Per 1,000 population(1992)

Birth
51Death
14Net migration
0
Labor force
4,500,000
(est.); 50% of population of working age (1983)
Literacy
48%
(male 62%, female 35%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)

Infant mortality rate

91 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

Life expectancy at birth

50 years male, 52 years female (1992)

Total fertility rate

7.2 children born/woman (1992)

Nationality

noun - Ugandan(s); adjective - Ugandan

Ethnic divisions

African 99%, European, Asian, Arab 1%

Religions

Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, rest indigenous beliefs

Languages

  • English (official);
  • Luganda and Swahili widely used;
  • other Bantu and Nilotic languages

Organized labor

125,000 union members

Government

Republic

19 fields

Long-form name

Republic of Uganda

Type

republic

Capital

Kampala

Administrative divisions

10 provinces; Busoga, Central, Eastern, Karamoja, Nile, North Buganda, Northern, South Buganda, Southern, Western

Independence

9 October 1962 (from UK)

Constitution

8 September 1967, in process of constitutional revision

National holiday

Independence Day, 9 October (1962)

Executive branch

president, vice president, prime minister, three deputy prime ministers, Cabinet

Legislative branch

unicameral National Resistance Council

Judicial branch

Court of Appeal, High Court

Leaders

Chief of State:
President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 29 January 1986); Vice President Samson Babi Mululu KISEKKA (since NA January 1991)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister George Cosmas ADYEBO (since NA January 1991)

Political parties and leaders

  • only party - National Resistance Movement (NRM);
  • note - the Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM), Ugandan People's Congress (UPC), Democratic Party (DP), and Conservative Party (CP) are all proscribed from conducting public political activities

Suffrage

universal at age 18

Elections

National Resistance Council:
  • last held 11-28 February 1989 (next to be held by January 1995);
  • results - NRM was the only party;
  • seats - (278 total, 210 indirectly elected) 210 members elected without party affiliation

Other political or pressure groups

Uganda People's Front (UPF), Uganda People's Christian Democratic Army (UPCDA), Ruwenzori Movement

Member of

ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IGADD, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation

  • Ambassador Stephen Kapimpina KATENTA-APULI;
  • 5909 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011;
  • telephone (202) 726-7100 through 7102
US:
  • Ambassador Johnnie CARSON;
  • Embassy at Parliament Avenue, Kampala (mailing address is P. O. Box 7007, Kampala);
  • telephone [256] (41) 259792, 259793, 259795

Flag

  • six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red;
  • a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the staff side

Economy

Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular | rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt.

16 fields
External debt
$1.9billion
(1991 est.)

Budget

Revenues
$365 millionExpenditures
$545 million
expenditures, including capital expenditures of $165 million (FY89 est.)

Overview

Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. The economy has been devastated by widespread political instability, mismanagement, and civil war since independence in 1962, keeping Uganda poor with a per capita income of about $300.

(GDP remains below the levels of the early 1970s, as does industrial production.) Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export crop and accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986 the government has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing petroleum prices, and improving civil service wages.

The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation, which was running at over 300% in 1987, and boosting production and export earnings. During the period 1990-91, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, and gradually improving domestic security.

GDP

exchange rate conversion - $5.6 billion, per capita $300; real growth rate 4.5% (1991 est.)

Exports

$208 million (f.o.b., 1990)

commodities:
coffee 97%, cotton, tea
partners:
US 25%, UK 18%, France 11%, Spain 10%

Imports

$209 million (c.i.f., 1990)

commodities:
petroleum products, machinery, cotton piece goods, metals, transportation equipment, food
partners:
Kenya 25%, UK 14%, Italy 13%

Industrial production

growth rate 7.0% (1990); accounts for 5% of GDP

Electricity

175,000 kW capacity; 315 million kWh produced, 15 kWh per capita (1991)

Industries

sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement

Agriculture

  • mainly subsistence;
  • accounts for 57% of GDP and over 80% of labor force;
  • cash crops - coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco;
  • food crops - cassava, potatoes, corn, millet, pulses;
  • livestock products - beef, goat meat, milk, poultry;
  • self-sufficient in food

Economic aid

  • US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $145 million;
  • Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.4 billion;
  • OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million;
  • Communist countries (1970-89), $169 million

Currency

Ugandan shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents

Exchange rates

Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1 - 1,031.3 (March 1992), 734.0 (1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.1 (1989), 106.1 (1988), 42.8 (1987)

Fiscal year

1 July - 30 June

Communications

7 fields

Airports, 35 total, 27 usable

permanent-surface runways
5runways over | 3,659 m
1runways 2,440-3,659 m
3runways 1,220-2,439 m
10

Networkskm

Highways
26,200Railroads
1,300
Highways: ; 1,970 km paved; 5,849 km crushed stone, gravel, and laterite; remainder earth roads and tracks · Railroads: , 1.000-meter-gauge single track

Railroads

1,300 km, 1.000-meter-gauge single track

Highways

  • 26,200 km total;
  • 1,970 km paved;
  • 5,849 km crushed stone, gravel, and laterite;
  • remainder earth roads and tracks

Inland waterways

  • Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward;
  • Victoria Nile, Albert Nile;
  • principal inland water ports are at Jinja and Port Bell, both on Lake Victoria

Merchant marine

1 roll-on/roll-off (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,697 GRT

Civil air

6 major transport aircraft

Telecommunications

  • fair system with microwave and radio communications stations;
  • broadcast stations - 10 AM, no FM, 9 TV;
  • satellite communications ground stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT

Defense Forces

Army, Navy, Air Force

3 fields

Branches

Army, Navy, Air Force

Manpower availability

males 15-49, about 4,132,887; about 2,243,933 for military service

Defense expenditures

$NA, NA% of GDP

Central Intelligence Agency. “Uganda.” The World Factbook 1992. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/uganda/1992.

How to cite ← 1991 edition 1993 edition →