Anguilla

NAIndependence none (overseas territory of the UK)

Anguilla as the 2014 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 115 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalThe Valley, UTC-4
Position18 15 N, 63 10 W
Area91 sq km
LocationCaribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Populationas each edition published it
16,086 people July 2014 est. · 6,883 in 1990
Population growth% a year
2.06% 2014 est. · 0.64% in 1993
Median ageyears
34.1 years 2014 est. · 30 yrs in 2003
Life expectancyyears at birth
81.2 years 2014 est. · 73.89 yrs in 1993
Fertility ratechildren per woman
1.75 children per woman 2014 est. · 3.1 in 1990
Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births
3.4 deaths per 1,000 live births 2014 est. · 18 in 1990
GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars
$12,200 2008 est. · $6,800 in 1993
GDP real growth% a year
-8.5% 2009 est. · 6.5% in 1993

Introduction

1 field

Background

Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency.

Geography

Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico

17 fields

Land useshare of 91 sq km

permanent crops 0%other 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2011)arable land 0% in all
Area
91sq km
country comparison to the world: 227land: 91 sq kmwater: 0 sq kmabout one-half the size of Washington, DC
Coastline
61km
land boundaries: 0 kmterritorial sea: 3 nmexclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Highest point
65m
Crocus Hilllowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

Location

Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico

Geographic coordinates

18 15 N, 63 10 W

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Climate

tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds

Terrain

flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone

Natural resources

salt, fish, lobster

Natural hazards

frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)

Environment - current issues

supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system

Geography - note

the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles

People and Society

26 fields

Age structuremale left, female right · (2014 est.)

658
65 and over8.3%
676
744
55-649.4%
763
3,269
25-5445%
3,965
1,123
15-2414.1%
1,144
1,918
0-1423.3%
1,826
MaleFemale
Population
16,086
(July 2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 221growth rate: 2.06% (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 50

Per 1,000 population(2014 est.)

Birth
12.68Death
4.54Net migration
12.43

Male · female

TotalMale · femaleLife expectancy years (2014 est.)81.2
78.61 · 83.86Infant mortality deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)3.4
3.81 · 2.97Literacy (1984 est.)95%
95% · 95%
TotalMale · femaleMedian age years (2014 est.)34.1
32.4 · 35.7School life expectancy years (2008)11
11 · 11
MaleFemaleLife expectancy country comparison to the world: 21 · Infant mortality country comparison to the world: 210 · Literacy definition: age 12 and over can read and write

Religions(2001 census)

Protestant 83.1% (Anglican 29%, Methodist 23.9%, other Protestant 30.2%)Roman Catholic 5.7%other Christian 1.7%other 5.2%none or unspecified 4.3% (2001 census)
Urban population
100%of total population
(2011)rate of urbanization: 1.56% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)Major urban areas - population: THE VALLEY (capital) 2,000 (2011)
Improved drinking water
94.6%of population
improved: urban: 94.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 5.4% of populationtotal: 5.4% of population (2012 est.)
Improved sanitation
97.9%of population
improved: urban: 97.9% of populationunimproved: urban: 2.1% of populationtotal: 2.1% of population (2012 est.)

Nationality

noun:
Anguillan(s)
adjective:
Anguillan

Ethnic groups

black (predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%, other 1.5% (2001 census)

Languages

English (official)

Sex ratio

at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years:
1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years:
0.98 male(s)/female
25-54 years:
0.82 male(s)/female
55-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.96 male(s)/female
total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.75 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 166

Contraceptive prevalence rate

43% note: percent of women aged 15-45 (2003)

Education expenditures

2.8% of GDP (2008) country comparison to the world: 146

Government

NA; Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES (since 16 February 2010)

20 fields

House of Assembly, 7 seats, elected 15 February 2010one dot, one seat

AUM 4AUF 2APP 1

Country name

conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Anguilla

Dependency status

overseas territory of the UK

Capital

name:
The Valley
geographic coordinates:
18 13 N, 63 03 W
time difference:
UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Independence

none (overseas territory of the UK)

National holiday

Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)

Constitution

several previous; latest 1 April 1982; amended 1990 (2013)

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch

chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Christina SCOTT (since 23 July 2013)
head of government:
Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES (since 16 February 2010)
cabinet:
Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly; (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)
elections:
  • the monarchy is hereditary;
  • governor appointed by the monarch;
  • following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed chief minister by the governor

Legislative branch

unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held on 15 February 2010 (next to be held in 2015)
election results:
percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AUM 4, AUF 2, APP 1

Judicial branch

highest court(s):
  • the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States to include Anguilla;
  • the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - is headed by the chief justice and is comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 16 judges;
  • sittings of the Court of Appeal and High Court rotate among the 9 member states;
  • High Court judges reside in 7 member states, though none resides on Anguilla
judge selection and term of office:
  • Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II;
  • other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission;
  • Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65;
  • High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62
subordinate courts:
Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court

Political parties and leaders

  • Anguilla Progressive Party or APP [Brent DAVIS]
  • Anguilla Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD]
  • Anguilla United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS] (a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA)
  • Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]

International organization participation

Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Flag description

  • blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag;
  • the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with a turquoise-blue field below;
  • the white in the background represents peace;
  • the blue base symbolizes the surrounding sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope;
  • the three dolphins stand for endurance, unity, and strength

National anthem

name:
"God Bless Anguilla"
lyrics/music:
Alex RICHARDSON

note: local anthem adopted 1981; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)

Economy

Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants.

33 fields
GDP, purchasing power parity
$175.4million
(2009 est.)country comparison to the world: 221$191.7 million (2008 est.) · $108.9 million (2004 est.)official exchange rate: $175.4 million (2009 est.)
GDP per capita, PPP
$12,200
(2008 est.)country comparison to the world: 104
Real growth rate
-8.5%
(2009 est.)country comparison to the world: 219industrial production growth: 2% (2013 est.)country comparison to the world: 127
Inflation, consumer prices
3.1%
(2013 est.)country comparison to the world: 1174.4% (2012 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin(2013 est.)

agriculture 2.5%industry 23.6%services 73.8% (2013 est.)

By end use% of GDP

Household consumption
74.5%Government consumption
20.1%Fixed capital
22.1%Exports
43.7%Imports
-60.4%
(2013 est.)

Budget

Revenues
$69.52 millionExpenditures
$78.37 million (2012 est.)

Economy - overview

Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small but growing.

In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.

Agriculture - products

small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising

Industries

tourism, boat building, offshore financial services

Labor force

6,049 (2001) country comparison to the world: 220

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining:
4%
manufacturing:
3%
construction:
18%
transportation and utilities:
10%
commerce:
36%
services:
29% (2000 est.)

Unemployment rate

8% (2002) country comparison to the world: 89

Taxes and other revenues

39.6% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 45

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-5% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 166

Public debt

20% of GDP (2013 est.) · 21.7% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 135

Fiscal year

1 April - 31 March

Central bank discount rate

6.5% (31 December 2010 est.) · 6.5% (31 December 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 55

Commercial bank prime lending rate

9.4% (31 December 2013 est.) · 9.38% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 93

Stock of narrow money

$16.89 million (31 December 2013 est.) · NA% (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 189

Stock of broad money

$384.4 million (31 December 2013 est.) · $373.2 million (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Stock of domestic credit

$498.1 million (31 December 2013 est.) · $483.3 million (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 167

Current account balance

-$54.3 million (2013 est.) · -$44.8 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 70

Exports

$12.2 million (2013 est.) · $7.3 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 211

Exports - commodities

lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum

Imports

$140.1 million (2013 est.) · $129.3 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 207

Imports - commodities

fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles

Debt - external

$8.8 million (1998) country comparison to the world: 198

Exchange rates

East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - 2.7 (2013 est.) · 2.7 (2012 est.) · 2.7 (2010 est.), 2.7 (2009)

Communications

7 fields
Mobile cellular
26,000
(2012)
Fixed lines
6,000
(2012) · country code .ai

Telephone system

general assessment:
modern internal telephone system
domestic:
fixed-line teledensity is roughly 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons
international:
  • country code - 1-264;
  • landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad;
  • microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (2011)

Broadcast media

  • 1 private TV station;
  • multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available;
  • about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2007)

Internet users

3,700 (2009) country comparison to the world: 208

Transportation

5 fields

Airports by runway lengthunpaved only

under 914 m
1

Airports

2 (2013) country comparison to the world: 197

Airports - with paved runways

total: 1; 1,524 to 2,437 m:; 1 (2013)

Roadways

total:
175 km

country comparison to the world: 210

paved:
82 km
unpaved:
93 km (2004)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Blowing Point, Road Bay

Military

4 fields

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 3,641 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49:
3,009
females age 16-49:
3,397 (2010 est.)

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of the UK

Transnational Issues

2 fields

Illicit drugs

transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe

Cite this entry

Central Intelligence Agency. “Anguilla.” The World Factbook 2014. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/anguilla/2014.