Tanzania

• plains along coast;
• central plateau;
• highlands in north, south

• soil degradation;
• deforestation;
• desertification;
• destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats;
• recent droughts affected marginal agriculture

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

0-14 years:

45% (male 6,804,194; female 6,844,815)

15-64 years:

53% (male 7,835,705; female 8,236,949)

65 years and over:

2% (male 408,827; female 478,279) (July 1998 est.)

at birth:

1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

0.99 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.85 male(s)/female (1998 est.)

noun:

Tanzanian(s)

adjective:

Tanzanian

conventional long form:

United Republic of Tanzania

conventional short form:

Tanzania

former:

United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar

• 26 April 1964;
• Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship);
• Zanzibar became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK);
• Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar;
• renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964

• based on English common law;
• judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation;
• has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

chief of state:

• President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995);
• Vice President Omar Ali JUMA (since 23 November 1995);
• note the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:

• President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995);
• Vice President Omar Ali JUMA (since 23 November 1995);
• note-the president is both chief of state and head of government

note: Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government for matters internal to Zanzibar; Dr. Salmin AMOUR was elected to that office on 22 October 1995 in a popular election

cabinet:

Cabinet ministers, including the prime minister, are appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly

elections:

• president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote for five-year terms;
• election last held 29 October-19 November 1995 (next to be held NA October 2000);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

percent of vote-Benjamin William MKAPA 62%, MREMA 28%, LIPUMBA 6%, CHEYO 4%

• unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats-232 directly elected by universal adult suffrage, 37 allocated to women nominated by the president, five to members of the Zanzibar House of Representatives; members serve five-year terms);
• note-in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland;
• Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws especially for Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has 50 seats, directly elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year terms)

elections:

last held 29 October-19 November 1995 (next to be held NA October 2000)

election results:

National Assembly: percent of vote by party-NA; seats by party-CCM 186, CUF 24, NCCR-Mageuzi 16, CHADEMA 3, UDP 3;

• Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Benjamin William MKAPA];
• Civic United Front or CUF [Seif Sharif HAMAD];
• National Convention for Construction and Reform or NCCR [Lyatonga (Augustine) MREMA];
• Union for Multiparty Democracy or UMD [Abdullah FUNDIKIRA];
• Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo or CHADEMA [Edwin I. M. MTEI, chairman];
• Democratic Party (unregistered) [Reverend MTIKLA];
• United Democratic Party or UDP [John CHEYO]

chief of mission:

Ambassador Mustafa Salim NYANG'ANYI

chancery:

2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 939-6125

chief of mission:

Charge d'Affaires John LANGE

embassy:

36 Laibon Road (off Bagamoyo Road), Dar es Salaam

mailing address:

P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam

telephone:

[255] (51) 666010 through 666015

total:

13.495 million

by occupation:

agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 10% (1995 est.)

total value:

$760 million (f.o.b., 1996)

commodities:

coffee, manufactured goods, cotton, cashew nuts, minerals, tobacco, sisal (1995)

partners:

EU, Japan, India, US (1995)

total value:

$1.4 billion (c.i.f., 1996)

commodities:

consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, crude oil

partners:

EU, Kenya, Japan, China, India (1995)

total:

88,200 km

paved:

3,704 km

unpaved:

84,496 km (1996 est.)

• dispute with Malawi over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi);
• Democratic Republic of the Congo-Tanzania-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it has been informally reported that the indefinite section of the Democratic Republic of the Congo-Zambia boundary has been settled