Zambia

Republic of Zambia

republicIndependence 24 October 1964 (from UK)

Zambia as the 1993 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 76 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalLusaka

Area752,610 km2

LocationSouthern Africa, between Zaire and Zimbabwe

Populationas each edition published it

8.93 million July 1993 est. · 8.11m in 1990

Population growth% a year

2.96% 1993 est. · 2.51% in 2025

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 16.5 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

45.56 years 1993 est. · 66.9 yrs in 2025

Fertility ratechildren per woman

6.75 children per woman 1993 est. · 7 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

83.9 deaths per 1,000 live births 1993 est. · 80 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

$550 1992 est. · $3,700 in 2025

GDP real growth% a year

-3% 1992 est. · 4% in 2025

Geography

Southern Africa, between Zaire and Zimbabwe

14 fields

Land useshare of 752,610 km2

arable land 7%permanent crops 0%meadows and pastures 47%forest and woodland 27%other 19%irrigated 320 km2 (1989 est.)

Area

752,610km2

land area: 740,720 km2comparative area: slightly larger than Texas

Coastline

0km

(landlocked)Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Land boundaries

5,664km

total · Angola 1,110 km, Malawi 837 km, Mozambique 419 km, Namibia 233 km, Tanzania 338 km, Zaire 1,930 km, Zimbabwe 797 km

Location

Southern Africa, between Zaire and Zimbabwe

Map references

Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World

International disputes

quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement;
Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled

Climate

tropical;
modified by altitude;
rainy season (October to April)

Terrain

mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains

Natural resources

copper, cobalt, zinc, lead, coal, emeralds, gold, silver, uranium, hydropower potential

Environment

deforestation;
soil erosion;
desertification

People

14 fields

Population

8,926,099

(July 1993 est.)growth rate: 2.96% (1993 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1993 est.)

Birth

46.53Death

16.88Net migration

-0.05

Male · female(1993 est.)

TotalMale · femaleLife expectancy years45.56

44.97 · 46.16

TotalMale · femaleLiteracy73%

81% · 65%

MaleFemaleLiteracy age 15 and over can read and write (1990)

Ethnic divisions

African 98.7%European 1.1%other 0.2%

Labor force

2.455million

by occupation: agriculture 85%, mining, manufacturing, and construction 6%, transport and services 9%

Infant mortality rate

83.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)

Nationality

noun:: Zambian(s)
adjective:: Zambian

Religions

Christian 50-75%, Muslim and Hindu 24-49%, indigenous beliefs 1%

Languages

English (official) note: about 70 indigenous languages

Government

Republic

20 fields

Presidential electionpercent of vote

84%

Frederick CHILUBA 84%Kenneth KAUNDA 16%

Names

conventional long form:: Republic of Zambia
conventional short form:: Zambia
former:: Northern Rhodesia

Administrative divisions

9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western

Legal system

based on English common law and customary law;
judicial review of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Political parties and leaders

Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), Frederick CHILUBA;
United National Independence Party (UNIP), Kebby MUSOKATWANE;
United Democratic Party, Enoch KAVINDELE

Elections

President:: last held 31 October 1991 (next to be held mid-1995); results - Frederick CHILUBA 84%, Kenneth KAUNDA 16%
National Assembly:: last held 31 October 1991 (next to be held mid-1995);
results - percent of vote by party NA;
seats - (150 total) MMD 125, UNIP 25

Leaders

Chief of State and Head of Government: President Frederick CHILUBA (since 31 October 1991)

ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-19, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMOZ, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in US

chief of mission:: Ambassador Dunstan KAMONA
chancery:: 2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:: (202) 265-9717 through 9721

US diplomatic representation

chief of mission:: Ambassador Gordon L. STREEB
embassy:: corner of Independence Avenue and United Nations Avenue, Lusaka
mailing address:: P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka
telephone:: [260-1] 228-595, 228-601, 228-602, 228-603
FAX:: [260-1] 251-578

Flag

green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side), black, and orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of the flag

Economy

The economy has been in decline for more than a decade with falling imports | and growing foreign debt.

18 fields

GDP per capita, PPP

$550

(1992 est.)

Real growth rate

-3%

(1992 est.)industrial production growth: growth rate -2% (1991); accounts for 50% of GDP

Inflation, consumer prices

170%

(1992 est.)

External debt

$7.6billion

(1991)

Budget

Revenues

$665 millionExpenditures

$767 million

expenditures, including capital expenditures of $300 million (1991 est.)

Overview

The economy has been in decline for more than a decade with falling imports and growing foreign debt. Economic difficulties stem from a chronically depressed level of copper production and ineffective economic policies. In 1991 real GDP fell by 2% and in 1992 by 3% more. An annual population growth of more than 3% has brought a decline in per capita GDP of 50% over the past decade. A high inflation rate has also added to Zambia's economic woes in recent years, as well as severe drought in the crop year 1991/92.

National product

GDP - exchange rate conversion - $4.7 billion (1992 est.)

Unemployment rate

NA%

Exports

$1.0 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)

commodities:: copper, zinc, cobalt, lead, tobacco
partners:: EC countries, Japan, South Africa, US, India

Imports

$1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1992 est.)

commodities:: machinery, transportation equipment, foodstuffs, fuels, manufactures
partners:: EC countries, Japan, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, US

Electricity

2,775,000 kW capacity; 12,000 million kWh produced, 1,400 kWh per capita (1991)

Industries

copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, and fertilizer

Agriculture

accounts for 17% of GDP and 85% of labor force;
crops - corn (food staple), sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava;
cattle, goats, beef, eggs

Economic aid

US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $4.8 billion;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.8 billion;
OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million;
Communist countries (1970-89), $533 million

Currency

1 Zambian kwacha (ZK) = 100 ngwee

Exchange rates

Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1 - 178.5714 (August 1992), 61.7284 (1991), 28.9855 (1990), 12.9032 (1989), 8.2237 (1988), 8.8889 (1987)

Fiscal year

calendar year

Communications

7 fields

Networkskm

Highways

36,370Railroads

1,266Inland waterways

2,250

Highways: ; 6,500 km paved, 7,000 km crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; 22,870 km improved and unimproved earth · Railroads: , all 1.067-meter gauge; 13 km double track · Inland waterways: , including Zambezi and Luapula Rivers, Lake Tanganyika

Railroads

1,266 km, all 1.067-meter gauge; 13 km double track

Highways

36,370 km total;
6,500 km paved, 7,000 km crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil;
22,870 km improved and unimproved earth

total:: 116
usable:: 104
with permanent-surface runways:: 13
with runways over 3,659 m:: 1
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:: 4
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:: 22

Telecommunications

facilities are among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa;
high-capacity microwave connects most larger towns and cities;
broadcast stations - 11 AM, 5 FM, 9 TV;
satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT

Defense Forces

Army, Air Force, Police, paramilitary

3 fields

How to cite ← 1992 edition 1994 edition →