Andorra

unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France andIndependence 1278

Andorra as the 1992 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 64 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalAndorra la Vella

Area450 km2

Populationas each edition published it

54,428 people July 1992 · 51,895 in 1990

Population growth% a year

Not in this edition 3.27% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 39.1 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

Not in this edition 78.22 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.3 children per woman 1992 · 1.3 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

7 deaths per 1,000 live births 1992 · 7 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

Not in this edition $14,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

Not in this edition 3.8% in 2002

Geography

13 fields

Total area

450km2

Comparative area: slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries

125km total

France 60 km, Spain 65 km

Climate

temperate; snowy, cold winters and cool, dry summers

Terrain

rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys

Natural resources

hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead

Land use

arable land 2%;
permanent crops 0%;
meadows and pastures 56%;
forest and woodland 22%;
other 20%

People

14 fields

Population

54,428

(July 1992), growth rate 2.2% (1992)

Per 1,000 population(1992)

Birth

11Death

4Net migration

Nationality

noun - Andorran(s); adjective - Andorran

Ethnic divisions

Catalan stock; Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3%

Languages

Catalan (official); many also speak some French and Castilian

Government

Unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France and

18 fields

Type

unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by officials called veguers

Administrative divisions

7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria

Constitution

none; some pareatges and decrees, mostly custom and usage

Legal system

based on French and Spanish civil codes;
no judicial review of legislative acts;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

two co-princes (president of France, bishop of Seo de Urgel in Spain), two designated representatives (French veguer, Episcopal veguer), two permanent delegates (French prefect for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales, Spanish vicar general for the Seo de Urgel diocese), president of government, Executive Council

Legislative branch

unicameral General Council of the Valleys (Consell General de las Valls)

Judicial branch

civil cases - Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan (France) or the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop of Seo de Urgel (Spain);
criminal cases - Tribunal of the Courts (Tribunal des Cortes)

Leaders

Chiefs of State:: French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre COURTOIS; Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince Mgr. Joan MARTI y Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Veguer Episcopal Francesc BADIA Batalla
Head of Government:: Oscar RIBAS Reig (since January 1990)

Political parties and leaders

political parties not yet legally recognized;
traditionally no political parties but partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation toward Spain or France;
various small pressure groups developed in 1972;
first formal political party, Andorran Democratic Association, was formed in 1976 and reorganized in 1979 as Andorran Democratic Party

Suffrage

universal at age 18

Elections

General Council of the Valleys:: last held 11 December 1989 (next to be held December 1993);
results - percent of vote by party NA;
seats - (28 total) number of seats by party NA

Member of

INTERPOL, IOC

Diplomatic representation

Andorra has no mission in the US

US:: includes Andorra within the Barcelona (Spain) Consular District, and the US Consul General visits Andorra periodically;
Consul General Carolee HEILEMAN;
Consulate General at Via Layetana 33, 08003 Barcelona (mailing address APO AE 09646);
telephone [34] (3) 319-9550

Flag

three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band;
the coat of arms features a quartered shield;
similar to the flags of Chad and Romania that do not have a national coat of arms in the center

Economy

The mainstay of Andorra's economy is tourism.

16 fields

Overview

The mainstay of Andorra's economy is tourism. An estimated 13 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Agricultural production is limited by a scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising.

Manufacturing consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. The rapid pace of European economic integration is a potential threat to Andorra's advantages from its duty-free status.

GDP

purchasing power equivalent - $727 million, per capita $14,000; real growth rate NA% (1990 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

NA%

Unemployment rate

none

Budget

revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Exports

$0.017 million (f.o.b., 1986)

commodities:: electricity
partners:: France, Spain

Imports

$531 million (f.o.b., 1986)

commodities:: consumer goods, food
partners:: France, Spain

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 January (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987);
Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 100.02 (January 1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989), 116.49 (1988), 123.48 (1987)