Andorra

Principality of AndorraPrincipat d'Andorra

parliamentary coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of FranceIndependence 1278

Andorra as the 1993 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 69 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalAndorra la Vella
Area450 km2
LocationWestern Europe, between France and Spain
1993

Every edition of Andorra

Populationas each edition published it
61,962 people July 1993 est. · 51,895 in 1990
Population growth% a year
3.27% 1993 est. · -0.12% in 2025
Median ageyears
Not in this edition 39.1 yrs in 2003
Life expectancyyears at birth
78.22 years 1993 est. · 83.8 yrs in 2025
Fertility ratechildren per woman
1.73 children per woman 1993 est. · 1.3 in 1990
Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births
8.1 deaths per 1,000 live births 1993 est. · 7 in 1990
GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars
$14,000 1992 est. · $65,900 in 2025
GDP real growth% a year
Not in this edition 3.8% in 2002

Geography

Western Europe, between France and Spain

14 fields

Land useshare of 450 km2

arable land 2%permanent crops 0%meadows and pastures 56%forest and woodland 22%other 20%
Area
450km2
land area: 450 km2comparative area: slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Coastline
0km
(landlocked)Maritime claims: none; landlocked
Land boundaries
125km
total · France 60 km, Spain 65 km

Location

Western Europe, between France and Spain

Map references

Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World

Climate

temperate; snowy, cold winters and cool, dry summers

Terrain

rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys

Natural resources

hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead

Environment

deforestation, overgrazing

Note

landlocked

People

14 fields
Population
61,962
(July 1993 est.)growth rate: 3.27% (1993 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1993 est.)

Birth
13.78Death
6.99Net migration
25.92

Ethnic divisions

Spanish 61%Andorran 30%French 6%other 3%

Infant mortality rate

8.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population:
78.22 years
male:
75.35 years
female:
81.34 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.73 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Nationality

noun:
Andorran(s)
adjective:
Andorran

Religions

Roman Catholic (predominant)

Languages

Catalan (official), French, Castilian

Literacy

total population:
NA%
male:
NA%
female:
NA%

Government

Parliamentary coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France

20 fields

Names

conventional long form:
Principality of Andorra
conventional short form:
Andorra
local long form:
Principat d'Andorra
local short form:
Andorra

Type

  • parliamentary coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by officials called veguers;
  • to be changed to a parliamentary form of government

Capital

Andorra la Vella

Administrative divisions

7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria

Constitution

  • Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991;
  • adopted 14 March 1993;
  • to take effect within 15 days

National holiday

Mare de Deu de Meritxell, 8 September

Political parties and leaders

  • political parties not yet legally recognized;
  • traditionally no political parties but partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation toward Spain or France;
  • various small pressure groups developed in 1972;
  • first formal political party, Andorran Democratic Association, was formed in 1976 and reorganized in 1979 as Andorran Democratic Party

Suffrage

18 years of age, universal

Elections

General Council of the Valleys:
  • last held 12 April 1992 (next to be held April 1996);
  • results - percent of vote by party NA;
  • seats - (28 total) number of seats by party NA

Executive branch

two co-princes (president of France, bishop of Seo de Urgel in Spain), two designated representatives (French veguer, Episcopal veguer), two permanent delegates (French prefect for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales, Spanish vicar general for the Seo de Urgel diocese), president of government, Executive Council

Legislative branch

unicameral General Council of the Valleys (Consell General de las Valls)

Judicial branch

Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan (France) for civil cases, the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop of Seo de Urgel (Spain) for civil cases, Tribunal of the Courts (Tribunal des Cortes) for criminal cases

Leaders

Chiefs of State:
French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre COURTOIS (since NA); Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince Mgr. Juan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Veguer Episcopal Francesc BADIA Bata
Head of Government:
Executive Council President Oscar RIBAS Reig (since 10 Decmber 1989)

Member of

INTERPOL, IOC

Diplomatic representation in US

Andorra has no mission in the US

US diplomatic representation

Andorra is included within the Barcelona (Spain) Consular District, and the US Consul General visits Andorra periodically

Flag

  • three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band;
  • the coat of arms features a quartered shield;
  • similar to the flags of Chad and Romania that do not have a national coat of arms in the center

Economy

The mainstay of Andorra's economy is tourism.

18 fields
GDP per capita, PPP
$14,000
(1992 est.)

Budget

Revenues
$119.4 millionExpenditures
$190 million
expenditures, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990)

Overview

The mainstay of Andorra's economy is tourism. An estimated 13 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes significantly to the economy. Agricultural production is limited by a scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be imported.

The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Although it is a member of the EC customs union, it is unclear what effect the European Single Market will have on the advantages Andorra obtains from its duty-free status.

National product

GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $760 million (1992 est.)

Exports

$23 million (f.o.b., 1989)

commodities:
electricity, tobacco products, furniture
partners:
France, Spain

Imports

$888.7 million (f.o.b., 1989)

commodities:
consumer goods, food
partners:
France, Spain

Electricity

35,000 kW capacity; 140 million kWh produced, 2,570 kWh per capita (1992)

Industries

tourism (particularly skiing), sheep, timber, tobacco, banking

Agriculture

sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and some vegetables

Currency

the French and Spanish currencies are used

Exchange rates

  • French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.4812 (January 1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988);
  • Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 114.59 (January 1993), 102.38 (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989), 116.49 (1988)

Fiscal year

calendar year

Communications

2 fields

Telecommunications

  • international digital microwave network;
  • international landline circuits to France and Spain;
  • broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, no TV;
  • 17,700 telephones

Defense Forces

1 field

Note

defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

Central Intelligence Agency. “Andorra.” The World Factbook 1993. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/andorra/1993.

How to cite ← 1992 edition 1994 edition →