Andorra

Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra has achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.

• deforestation;
• overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion;
• air pollution;
• waste water treatment and solid waste disposal

party to:

Hazardous Wastes

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

0-14 years:

15% (male 5,382; female 4,883)

15-64 years:

72% (male 25,463; female 22,837)

65 years and over:

13% (male 4,160; female 4,099) (2000 est.)

at birth:

1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

1.11 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

1.01 male(s)/female

total population:

1.1 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

total population:

83.46 years

male:

80.56 years

female:

86.56 years (2000 est.)

noun:

Andorran(s)

adjective:

Andorran

conventional long form:

Principality of Andorra

conventional short form:

Andorra

local long form:

Principat d'Andorra

local short form:

Andorra

• parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a coprincipality;
• the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces' representatives

• Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991;
• approved by referendum 14 March 1993;
• came into force 4 May 1993

• based on French and Spanish civil codes;
• no judicial review of legislative acts;
• has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

chief of state:

• French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Mr. Frederic de SAINT-SERNIN (since NA);
• Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Mr. Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA)

head of government:

Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)

cabinet:

Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president

elections:

• Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term;
• election last held 16 February 1997 (next to be held NA 2001)

election results:

Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - 64%

• Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles;
• Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts;
• Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra;
• Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia;
• Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal;
• Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

• Liberal Party of Andorra (Partit Liberal d'Andorra) or PLA [Marc FORNE];
• Liberal Union or UL [Francesc CERQUEDA];
• National Democratic Group or AND [Ladislau BARO SOLA];
• National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU ZAMORA];
• New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU CASSANY];
• Unio Parroquial d'Ordino or UPO [Simo DURO COMA]

note: there are two other small parties

chief of mission:

Ambassador Juli MINOVES-TRIQUELL (also Permanent Representative to the UN)

chancery:

2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017

telephone:

[1] (212) 750-8064

FAX:

[1] (212) 750-6630

• the US does not have an embassy in Andorra;
• the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra;
• US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain);
• mailing address:
  • Paseo Reina Elisenda,
  • 23,
  • 08034 Barcelona,
  • Spain
  ;
• telephone: (3493) 280-2227;
• FAX: (3493) 205-7705

• three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band;
• the coat of arms features a quartered shield;
• similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem

agriculture:

NA%

industry:

NA%

services:

NA%

lowest 10%:

NA%

highest 10%:

NA%

fossil fuel:

NA%

hydro:

NA%

nuclear:

NA%

other:

NA%

• 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes;
• 1 peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos;
• the French and Spanish currencies are used

• euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000), 0.9386 (1999);
• French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.65 (January 1999), 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996), 4.9915 (1995);
• Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 143.39 (January 1999), 149.40 (1998), 146.41 (1997), 126.66 (1996), 124.69 (1995)

domestic:

modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges

international:

landline circuits to France and Spain

total:

269 km

paved:

198 km

unpaved:

71 km (1994 est.)