The CIA World Factbook Edition 1991 Economy

Industries In 36 editions of 36.

Industries was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1991 edition carries it in 216 entries, in its Economy section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 1991 edition
216
the first edition with it
1990
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Industries” (1990 to 2025), and under 1 other heading in a few entries, mostly where the source split this field into parts.

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Industries, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Industries in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

World

1 entry

World

  • chemicals,
  • energy,
  • machinery,
  • electronics,
  • metals,
  • mining,
  • textiles,
  • food processing

Africa

56 entries

Algeria

  • petroleum,
  • light industries,
  • natural gas,
  • mining,
  • electrical,
  • petrochemical,
  • food processing

Angola

  • petroleum,
  • diamonds,
  • mining,
  • fish processing,
  • food processing,
  • brewing,
  • tobacco,
  • sugar,
  • textiles,
  • cement,
  • basic metal products

Benin

  • textiles,cigarettes,
  • construction materials,
  • beverages,
  • food production,
  • petroleum

Botswana

  • mining of diamonds,
  • copper,
  • nickel,
  • coal,
  • salt,
  • soda ash,
  • potash;
  • livestock processing

Burkina now Burkina Faso

  • cotton lint,
  • beverages,
  • agricultural processing,
  • soap,
  • cigarettes,
  • textiles,
  • gold

Burundi

  • light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap;
  • assembly of imports;
  • public works construction;
  • food processing

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

Published as “Industry”

  • fish processing,
  • salt mining,
  • clothing factories,
  • ship repair,
  • construction materials,
  • food and beverage production

Cameroon

  • crude oil products,
  • food processing,
  • light consumer goods industries textiles,
  • sawmills

Central African Republic

  • diamond mining,
  • sawmills,
  • breweries,
  • textiles,
  • footwear,
  • assembly of bicycles and motorcycles

Chad

  • cotton textile mills,
  • slaughterhouses,
  • brewery,
  • natron (sodium carbonate),
  • soap,
  • cigarettes

Comoros

  • perfume distillation,
  • textiles,
  • furniture,
  • jewelry,
  • construction materials

Zaire now Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • mining,
  • mineral processing,
  • consumer products (including textiles, footwear, and cigarettes),
  • processed foods and beverages,
  • cement,
  • diamonds

Congo now Republic of the Congo

  • crude oil,
  • cement,
  • sawmills,
  • brewery,
  • sugar mill,
  • palm oil,
  • soap,
  • cigarettes

Ivory Coast now Cote d'Ivoire

  • foodstuffs,
  • wood processing,
  • oil refinery,
  • automobile assembly,
  • textiles,
  • fertilizer,
  • beverage

Djibouti

limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling

Egypt

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • tourism,
  • chemicals,
  • petroleum,
  • construction,
  • cement,
  • metals

Equatorial Guinea

fishing, sawmilling

Swaziland now Eswatini

  • mining (coal and asbestos),
  • wood pulp,
  • sugar

Ethiopia

  • food processing,
  • beverages,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • metals processing,
  • cement

Gabon

  • petroleum,
  • food and beverages,
  • timber,
  • cement plywood,
  • textiles,
  • mining--manganese,
  • uranium,
  • gold)

The Gambia

  • peanut processing,
  • tourism,
  • beverages,
  • agricultural machinery assembly,
  • woodworking,
  • metalworking,
  • clothing

Ghana

  • mining,
  • lumbering,
  • light manufacturing,
  • fishing,
  • aluminum,
  • food processing

Guinea

  • bauxite mining,
  • alumina,
  • gold,
  • diamond mining,
  • light manufacturing and agricultural processing industries

Guinea-Bissau

  • agricultural processing,
  • beer,
  • soft drinks

Kenya

  • small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour),
  • agricultural processing,
  • oil refining,
  • cement,
  • tourism

Lesotho

  • food,
  • beverages,
  • textiles,
  • handicrafts,
  • tourism

Liberia

  • rubber processing,
  • food processing,
  • construction materials,
  • furniture,
  • palm oil processing,
  • mining (iron ore, diamonds)

Libya

  • petroleum,
  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • handicrafts,
  • cement

Madagascar

  • agricultural processing (meat canneries, soap factories, breweries, tanneries, sugar refining plants),
  • light consumer goods industries (textiles, glassware),
  • cement,
  • automobile assembly plant,
  • paper,
  • petroleum

Malawi

  • agricultural processing (tea, tobacco, sugar),
  • sawmilling,
  • cement,
  • consumer goods

Mali

  • small local consumer goods and processing,
  • construction,
  • phosphate,
  • gold,
  • fishing

Mauritania

  • fishing,
  • fish processing,
  • mining of iron ore and gypsum

Mauritius

  • food processing (largely sugar milling),
  • textiles,
  • wearing apparel,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • transport equipment,
  • nonelectrical machinery,
  • tourism

Mayotte

newly created lobster and shrimp industry

Morocco

  • phosphate rock mining and processing,
  • food processing,
  • leather goods,
  • textiles,
  • construction,
  • tourism

Mozambique

  • food,
  • beverages,
  • chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints),
  • petroleum products,
  • textiles,
  • nonmetallic mineral products (cement, glass, asbestos),
  • tobacco

Namibia

  • meatpacking,
  • fish processing,
  • dairy products,
  • mining (copper, lead, zinc, diamond, uranium)

Niger

cement, brick, textiles, food processing, chemicals, slaughterhouses, and a few other small light industries; uranium production began in 1971

Nigeria

  • crude oil and mining--coal, tin, columbite;
  • primary processing industries--palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins;
  • manufacturing industries--textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing, ceramics, steel

Reunion

  • sugar,
  • rum,
  • cigarettes,
  • several small shops producing handicraft items

Rwanda

  • mining of cassiterite (tin ore) and wolframite (tungsten ore),
  • tin,
  • cement,
  • agricultural processing,
  • small-scale beverage production,
  • soap,
  • furniture,
  • shoes,
  • plastic goods,
  • textiles,
  • cigarettes

Saint Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fish

Sao Tome and Principe

  • light construction,
  • shirts,
  • soap,
  • beer,
  • fisheries,
  • shrimp processing

Senegal

  • fishing,
  • agricultural processing,
  • phosphate mining,
  • petroleum refining,
  • building materials

Seychelles

  • tourism,
  • processing of coconut and vanilla,
  • fishing,
  • coir rope factory,
  • boat building,
  • printing,
  • furniture,
  • beverage

Sierra Leone

  • mining (diamonds, bauxite, rutile),
  • small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear),
  • petroleum refinery

Somalia

  • a few small industries,
  • including sugar refining,
  • textiles,
  • petroleum refining

South Africa

  • mining (world's largest producer of platinum, gold, chromium),
  • automobile assembly,
  • metalworking,
  • machinery,
  • textile,
  • iron and steel,
  • chemical,
  • fertilizer,
  • foodstuffs

Sudan

  • cotton ginning,
  • textiles,
  • cement,
  • edible oils,
  • sugar,
  • soap distilling,
  • shoes,
  • petroleum refining

Tanzania

  • primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine),
  • diamond mine,
  • oil refinery,
  • shoes,
  • cement,
  • textiles,
  • wood products,
  • fertilizer

Togo

  • phosphate mining,
  • agricultural processing,
  • cement,
  • handicrafts,
  • textiles,
  • beverages

Tunisia

  • petroleum,
  • mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore),
  • textiles,
  • footwear,
  • food,
  • beverages

Uganda

  • sugar,
  • brewing,
  • tobacco,
  • cotton textiles,
  • cement

Western Sahara

  • phosphate,
  • fishing,
  • handicrafts

Zambia

copper mining and processing, transport, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, and fertilizer

Zimbabwe

  • mining,
  • steel,
  • clothing and footwear,
  • chemicals,
  • foodstuffs,
  • fertilizer,
  • beverage,
  • transportation equipment,
  • wood products

Arctic Region

2 entries

Greenland

  • fish processing (mainly shrimp),
  • potential for platinum and gold mining,
  • handicrafts,
  • shipyards

Iceland

  • fish processing,
  • aluminum smelting,
  • ferro-silicon production,
  • hydropower

Asia

13 entries

Afghanistan

  • small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, and cement;
  • handwoven carpets;
  • natural gas, oil, coal, copper

Bangladesh

  • jute manufacturing,
  • base metals,
  • food processing,
  • cotton textiles,
  • tobacco processing,
  • chemicals

Bhutan

  • cement,
  • wood products,
  • processed fruits,
  • alcoholic beverages,
  • calcium carbide

China

  • iron,
  • steel,
  • coal,
  • machine building,
  • armaments,
  • textiles,
  • petroleum,
  • cement,
  • chemical fertilizers,
  • consumer durables,
  • food processing

India

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • steel,
  • machinery,
  • transportation equipment,
  • cement,
  • jute manufactures,
  • mining,
  • petroleum,
  • power,
  • chemicals,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • electronics

Japan

  • metallurgy,
  • engineering,
  • electrical and electronic,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • automobiles,
  • fishing,
  • telecommunications

Korea, North now North Korea

  • machine building,
  • military products,
  • electric power,
  • chemicals,
  • mining,
  • metallurgy,
  • textiles,
  • food processing

Korea, South now South Korea

  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • footwear,
  • food processing,
  • chemicals,
  • steel,
  • electronics,
  • automobile production,
  • ship building

Maldives

  • fishing and fish processing,
  • tourism,
  • shipping,
  • boat building,
  • some coconut processing,
  • garments,
  • woven mats,
  • coir (rope),
  • handicrafts

Mongolia

  • copper,
  • processing of animal products,
  • building materials,
  • food and beverage,
  • mining (particularly coal)

Nepal

  • small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills;
  • cigarette, textiles, carpets, cement, brick;
  • tourism

Pakistan

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • beverages,
  • petroleum products,
  • construction materials,
  • clothing,
  • paper products,
  • international finance,
  • shrimp

Sri Lanka

processing of rubber, tea, coconuts, and other agricultural commodities; cement, petroleum refining, textiles, tobacco, clothing

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

  • tourism,
  • boat building,
  • salt,
  • fishing (including lobster)

Antigua and Barbuda

  • tourism,
  • construction,
  • light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)

Aruba

  • tourism,
  • transshipment facilities,
  • oil refining

The Bahamas

  • tourism,
  • banking,
  • cement,
  • oil refining and transshipment,
  • salt production,
  • rum,
  • aragonite,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • spiral weld,
  • steel pipe

Barbados

  • tourism,
  • sugar,
  • light manufacturing,
  • component assembly for export

Belize

  • garment production,
  • citrus concentrates,
  • sugar refining,
  • rum,
  • beverages,
  • tourism

British Virgin Islands

  • tourism,
  • light industry,
  • construction,
  • rum,
  • concrete block,
  • offshore financial center

Cayman Islands

  • tourism,
  • banking,
  • insurance and finance,
  • construction,
  • building materials,
  • furniture making

Costa Rica

  • food processing,
  • textiles and clothing,
  • construction materials,
  • fertilizer,
  • plastic products

Cuba

  • sugar milling,
  • petroleum refining,
  • food and tobacco processing,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • paper and wood products,
  • metals (particularly nickel),
  • cement,
  • fertilizers,
  • consumer goods,
  • agricultural machinery

Dominica

  • soap,
  • beverages,
  • tourism,
  • food processing,
  • furniture,
  • cement blocks,
  • shoes

Dominican Republic

  • tourism,
  • sugar processing,
  • ferronickel and gold mining,
  • textiles,
  • cement,
  • tobacco

El Salvador

  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • beverages,
  • petroleum,
  • tobacco products,
  • chemicals,
  • furniture

Grenada

  • food and beverage,
  • textile,
  • light assembly operations,
  • tourism,
  • construction

Guadeloupe

  • construction,
  • cement,
  • rum,
  • sugar,
  • tourism

Guatemala

  • sugar,
  • textiles and clothing,
  • furniture,
  • chemicals,
  • petroleum,
  • metals,
  • rubber,
  • tourism

Haiti

  • sugar refining,
  • textiles,
  • flour milling,
  • cement manufacturing,
  • tourism,
  • light assembly industries based on imported parts

Honduras

  • agricultural processing (sugar and coffee),
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • wood products

Jamaica

  • tourism,
  • bauxite mining,
  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • light manufactures

Martinique

  • construction,
  • rum,
  • cement,
  • oil refining,
  • sugar,
  • tourism

Montserrat

  • tourism;
  • light manufacturing--rum,
  • textiles,
  • electronic appliances

Netherlands Antilles

  • tourism (Curacao and Sint Maarten),
  • petroleum refining (Curacao),
  • petroleum transshipment facilities (Curacao and Bonaire),
  • light manufacturing (Curacao)

Nicaragua

  • food processing,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • petroleum refining and distribution,
  • beverages,
  • footwear

Panama

  • manufacturing and construction activities,
  • petroleum refining,
  • brewing,
  • cement and other construction material,
  • sugar mills,
  • paper products

Puerto Rico

  • manufacturing of pharmaceuticals,
  • electronics,
  • apparel,
  • food products,
  • instruments;
  • tourism

Saint Kitts and Nevis

  • sugar processing,
  • tourism,
  • cotton,
  • salt,
  • copra,
  • clothing,
  • footwear,
  • beverages

Saint Lucia

  • clothing,
  • assembly of electronic components,
  • beverages,
  • corrugated boxes,
  • tourism,
  • lime processing,
  • coconut processing

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

  • food processing (sugar, flour),
  • cement,
  • furniture,
  • clothing,
  • starch,
  • sheet metal,
  • beverage

Trinidad and Tobago

  • petroleum,
  • chemicals,
  • tourism,
  • food processing,
  • cement,
  • beverage,
  • cotton textiles

Turks and Caicos Islands

  • fishing,
  • tourism,
  • offshore financial services

Virgin Islands

  • tourism,
  • petroleum refining,
  • watch assembly,
  • rum distilling,
  • construction,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • textiles,
  • electronics

Europe

35 entries

Albania

  • food processing,
  • textiles and clothing,
  • lumber,
  • oil,
  • cement,
  • chemicals,
  • basic metals,
  • hydropower

Andorra

  • tourism (particularly skiing),
  • sheep,
  • timber,
  • tobacco,
  • smuggling,
  • banking

Austria

  • foods,
  • iron and steel,
  • machines,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • electrical,
  • paper and pulp,
  • tourism,
  • mining

Belgium

  • engineering and metal products,
  • processed food and beverages,
  • chemicals,
  • basic metals,
  • textiles,
  • glass,
  • petroleum,
  • coal

Bulgaria

  • machine and metal building,food processing,
  • chemicals,
  • textiles,
  • building materials,
  • ferrous and nonferrous metals

Czechoslovakia

  • iron and steel,
  • machinery and equipment,
  • cement,
  • sheet glass,
  • motor vehicles,
  • armaments,
  • chemicals,
  • ceramics,
  • wood,
  • paper products,
  • footwear

Denmark

food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture, and other wood products

Faroe Islands

  • fishing,
  • shipbuilding,
  • handicrafts

Finland

  • metal manufacturing and shipbuilding,
  • forestry and wood processing (pulp, paper),
  • copper refining,
  • foodstuffs,
  • chemicals,
  • textiles,
  • clothing

France

steel, machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, mining, textiles, food processing, and tourism

Gibraltar

  • tourism, banking and finance, construction, commerce;
  • support to large UK naval and air bases;
  • transit trade and supply depot in the port;
  • light manufacturing of tobacco, roasted coffee, ice, mineral waters, candy, beer, and canned fish

Greece

  • food and tobacco processing,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • tourism,
  • mining,
  • petroleum

Guernsey

tourism, banking

Vatican City now Holy See (Vatican City)

printing and production of a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities

Hungary

  • mining,
  • metallurgy,
  • engineering industries,
  • processed foods,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals)

Ireland

  • food products,
  • brewing,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • chemicals,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • machinery,
  • transportation equipment,
  • glass and crystal

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

  • an important offshore financial center;
  • financial services,
  • light manufacturing,
  • tourism

Italy

  • machinery,
  • iron and steel,
  • chemicals,
  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • motor vehicles,
  • clothing,
  • footwear,
  • ceramics

Jersey

  • tourism,
  • banking and finance,
  • dairy

Liechtenstein

  • electronics,
  • metal manufacturing,
  • textiles,
  • ceramics,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • food products,
  • precision instruments,
  • tourism

Luxembourg

  • banking,
  • iron and steel,
  • food processing,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • engineering,
  • tires,
  • glass,
  • aluminum

Malta

  • tourism,
  • electronics,
  • ship repair yard,
  • construction,
  • food manufacturing,
  • textiles,
  • footwear,
  • clothing,
  • beverages,
  • tobacco

Monaco

  • tourism,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • precision instruments,
  • glassmaking,
  • printing,
  • finance

Netherlands

  • agroindustries,
  • metal and engineering products,
  • electrical machinery and equipment,
  • chemicals,
  • petroleum,
  • fishing,
  • construction,
  • microelectronics

Norway

  • petroleum and gas,
  • food processing,
  • shipbuilding,
  • pulp and paper products,
  • metals,
  • chemicals,
  • timber,
  • mining,
  • textiles,
  • fishing

Poland

  • machine building,
  • iron and steel,
  • extractive industries,
  • chemicals,
  • shipbuilding,
  • food processing,
  • glass,
  • beverages,
  • textiles

Portugal

  • textiles and footwear;
  • wood pulp, paper, and cork;
  • metalworking;
  • oil refining;
  • chemicals;
  • fish canning;
  • wine;
  • tourism

Romania

  • mining,
  • timber,
  • construction materials,
  • metallurgy,
  • chemicals,
  • machine building,
  • food processing,
  • petroleum

San Marino

  • wine,
  • olive oil,
  • cement,
  • leather,
  • textile,
  • tourist

Soviet Union

diversified, highly developed capital goods and defense industries; comparatively less developed consumer goods industries

Spain

  • textiles and apparel (including footwear),
  • food and beverages,
  • metals and metal manufactures,
  • chemicals,
  • shipbuilding,
  • automobiles,
  • machine tools

Sweden

  • iron and steel,
  • precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments),
  • wood pulp and paper products,
  • processed foods,
  • motor vehicles

Switzerland

  • machinery,
  • chemicals,
  • watches,
  • textiles,
  • precision instruments

United Kingdom

  • machinery and transportation equipment,
  • metals,
  • food processing,
  • paper and paper products,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • clothing,
  • other consumer goods,
  • motor vehicles,
  • aircraft,
  • shipbuilding,
  • petroleum,
  • coal

Yugoslavia

  • metallurgy,
  • machinery and equipment,
  • petroleum,
  • chemicals,
  • textiles,
  • wood processing,
  • food processing,
  • pulp and paper,
  • motor vehicles,
  • building materials

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

  • petroleum processing and refining,
  • aluminum smelting,
  • offshore banking,
  • ship repairing

Cyprus

  • food,
  • beverages,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • tourism,
  • wood products

Gaza Strip

  • generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs;
  • the Israelis have established some small-scale modern industries in an industrial center

Iran

  • petroleum,
  • petrochemicals,
  • textiles,
  • cement and other building materials,
  • food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production),
  • metal fabricating (steel and copper)

Iraq

  • petroleum,
  • chemicals,
  • textiles,
  • construction materials,
  • food processing

Israel

  • food processing,
  • diamond cutting and polishing,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • military equipment,
  • transport equipment,
  • electrical equipment,
  • miscellaneous machinery,
  • potash mining,
  • high-technology electronics,
  • tourism

Jordan

  • phosphate mining,
  • petroleum refining,
  • cement,
  • potash,
  • light manufacturing

Kuwait

  • petroleum,
  • petrochemicals,
  • desalination,
  • food processing,
  • salt,
  • construction

Lebanon

  • banking,
  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • cement,
  • oil refining,
  • chemicals,
  • jewelry,
  • some metal fabricating

Oman

  • crude oil production and refining,
  • natural gas production,
  • construction,
  • cement,
  • copper

Qatar

  • crude oil production and refining,
  • fertilizers,
  • petrochemicals,
  • steel,
  • cement

Saudi Arabia

  • crude oil production,
  • petroleum refining,
  • basic petrochemicals,
  • cement,
  • small steel-rolling mill,
  • construction,
  • fertilizer,
  • plastic

Syria

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • beverages,
  • tobacco,
  • phosphate rock mining,
  • petroleum

Turkey now Turkiye

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron minerals),
  • steel,
  • petroleum,
  • construction,
  • lumber,
  • paper

United Arab Emirates

  • petroleum,
  • fishing,
  • petrochemicals,
  • construction materials,
  • some boat building,
  • handicrafts,
  • pearling

West Bank

  • generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs;
  • the Israelis have established some small-scale modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers

Yemen

  • crude oil production and petroleum refining;
  • small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods;
  • food processing;
  • handicrafts;
  • fishing;
  • small aluminum products factory;
  • cement North--accounted for 26% of GDP and 70% of labor force;
  • farm products--grain, fruits, vegetables, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton, dairy, poultry, meat, goat meat;
  • not self-sufficient in grain;
  • South--accounted for 17% of GNP and 45% of labor force;
  • products--grain, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, fish, livestock;
  • fish and honey major exports;
  • most food imported

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

  • tourism,
  • finance,
  • structural concrete products,
  • paints,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • ship repairing

Canada

  • processed and unprocessed minerals,
  • food products,
  • wood and paper products,
  • transportation equipment,
  • chemicals,
  • fish products,
  • petroleum and natural gas

Mexico

  • food and beverages,
  • tobacco,
  • chemicals,
  • iron and steel,
  • petroleum,
  • mining,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • transportation equipment,
  • tourism

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism

United States

  • leading industrial power in the world, highly diversified;
  • petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, fishing, lumber, mining

Oceania

25 entries

American Samoa

tuna canneries (largely dependent on foreign supplies of raw tuna)

Australia

  • mining,
  • industrial and transportation equipment,
  • food processing,
  • chemicals,
  • steel,
  • motor vehicles

Cook Islands

fruit processing, tourism

Fiji

  • sugar,
  • tourism,
  • copra,
  • gold,
  • silver,
  • fishing,
  • clothing,
  • lumber,
  • small cottage industries

French Polynesia

  • tourism,
  • pearls,
  • agricultural processing,
  • handicrafts

Guam

  • US military,
  • tourism,
  • construction,
  • transshipment,
  • concrete products,
  • printing and publishing,
  • food processing,
  • textiles

Kiribati

fishing, handicrafts

Marshall Islands

  • copra, fish, tourism;
  • craft items from shell, wood, and pearl;
  • offshore banking (embryonic)

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

tourism, craft items from shell, wood, and pearl

Nauru

  • phosphate mining,
  • financial services,
  • coconuts

New Caledonia

nickel mining

New Zealand

  • food processing,
  • wood and paper products,
  • textiles,
  • machinery,
  • transportation equipment,
  • banking and insurance,
  • tourism,
  • mining

Niue

tourist, handicrafts

Norfolk Island

tourism

Northern Mariana Islands

  • tourism,
  • construction,
  • light industry,
  • handicrafts

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau

  • tourism,
  • craft items (shell, wood, pearl),
  • some commercial fishing and agriculture

Papua New Guinea

  • copra crushing,
  • oil palm processing,
  • plywood processing,
  • wood chip production,
  • gold,
  • silver,
  • copper,
  • construction,
  • tourism

Pitcairn Islands

postage stamp sales, handicrafts

Western Samoa now Samoa

  • timber,
  • tourism,
  • food processing,
  • fishing

Solomon Islands

copra, fish (tuna)

Tokelau

  • small-scale enterprises for copra production, wood work, plaited craft goods;
  • stamps, coins;
  • fishing

Tonga

tourism, fishing

Tuvalu

  • fishing,
  • tourism,
  • copra

Vanuatu

  • food and fish freezing,
  • forestry processing,
  • meat canning

Wallis and Futuna

  • copra,
  • handicrafts,
  • fishing,
  • lumber

South America

14 entries

Argentina

  • food processing,
  • motor vehicles,
  • consumer durables,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals and petrochemicals,
  • printing,
  • metallurgy,
  • steel

Bolivia

  • mining,
  • smelting,
  • petroleum,
  • food and beverage,
  • tobacco,
  • handicrafts,
  • clothing;
  • illicit drug industry reportedly produces significant revenues

Brazil

  • textiles and other consumer goods,
  • shoes,
  • chemicals,
  • cement,
  • lumber,
  • iron ore,
  • steel,
  • motor vehicles and auto parts,
  • metalworking,
  • capital goods,
  • tin

Chile

  • copper,
  • other minerals,
  • foodstuffs,
  • fish processing,
  • iron and steel,
  • wood and wood products,
  • transport equipment,
  • cement,
  • textiles

Colombia

  • textiles,
  • food processing,
  • oil,
  • clothing and footwear,
  • beverages,
  • chemicals,
  • metal products,
  • cement;
  • mining--gold,
  • coal,
  • emeralds,
  • iron,
  • nickel,
  • silver,
  • salt

Ecuador

  • petroleum,
  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • metal works,
  • paper products,
  • wood products,
  • chemicals,
  • plastics,
  • fishing,
  • timber

Falkland Islands now Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

wool and fish processing

French Guiana

  • construction,
  • shrimp processing,
  • forestry products,
  • rum,
  • gold mining

Guyana

  • bauxite mining,
  • sugar,
  • rice milling,
  • timber,
  • fishing (shrimp),
  • textiles,
  • gold mining

Paraguay

  • meat packing,
  • oilseed crushing,
  • milling,
  • brewing,
  • textiles,
  • other light consumer goods,
  • cement,
  • construction

Peru

  • mining of metals,
  • petroleum,
  • fishing,
  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • food processing,
  • cement,
  • auto assembly,
  • steel,
  • shipbuilding,
  • metal fabrication

Suriname

  • bauxite mining,
  • alumina and aluminum production,
  • lumbering,
  • food processing,
  • fishing

Uruguay

  • meat processing,
  • wool and hides,
  • sugar,
  • textiles,
  • footwear,
  • leather apparel,
  • tires,
  • cement,
  • fishing,
  • petroleum refining,
  • wine

Venezuela

  • petroleum,
  • iron-ore mining,
  • construction materials,
  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • steel,
  • aluminum,
  • motor vehicle assembly

Southeast Asia

15 entries

Brunei

  • petroleum,
  • liquefied natural gas,
  • construction

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

  • agricultural processing;
  • textiles and footwear;
  • wood and wood products;
  • petroleum refining;
  • mining of copper, tin, tungsten, iron;
  • construction materials;
  • pharmaceuticals;
  • fertilizer

Cambodia

  • rice milling,
  • fishing,
  • wood and wood products,
  • rubber,
  • cement,
  • gem mining

Christmas Island

phosphate extraction (near depletion)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

copra products

Hong Kong

  • textiles,
  • clothing,
  • tourism,
  • electronics,
  • plastics,
  • toys,
  • watches,
  • clocks

Indonesia

  • petroleum,
  • textiles,
  • mining,
  • cement,
  • chemical fertilizers,
  • plywood,
  • food,
  • rubber

Laos

  • tin mining,
  • timber,
  • electric power,
  • agricultural processing,
  • construction

Macau

  • clothing,
  • textiles,
  • toys,
  • plastic products,
  • furniture,
  • tourism

Philippines

  • textiles,
  • pharmaceuticals,
  • chemicals,
  • wood products,
  • food processing,
  • electronics assembly,
  • petroleum refining,
  • fishing

Singapore

  • petroleum refining,
  • electronics,
  • oil drilling equipment,
  • rubber processing and rubber products,
  • processed food and beverages,
  • ship repair,
  • entrepot trade,
  • financial services,
  • biotechnology

Spratly Islands

some guano mining

Taiwan

  • electronics,
  • textiles,
  • chemicals,
  • clothing,
  • food processing,
  • plywood,
  • sugar milling,
  • cement,
  • shipbuilding,
  • petroleum

Thailand

  • tourism is the largest source of foreign exchange;
  • textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, other light manufacturing, such as jewelry;
  • electric appliances and components, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics;
  • world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer

Vietnam

  • food processing,
  • textiles,
  • machine building,
  • mining,
  • cement,
  • chemical fertilizer,
  • glass,
  • tires,
  • oil,
  • fishing

Oceans

2 entries

Indian Ocean

  • based on exploitation of natural resources,
  • particularly marine life,
  • minerals,
  • oil and gas production,
  • fishing,
  • sand and gravel aggregates,
  • placer deposits

Pacific Ocean

fishing, oil and gas production

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1991, “Industries”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/industries/1991.

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