Monaco

• second-smallest independent state in the world (after the Holy See);
• smallest country with a coastline;
• almost entirely urban

noun:

Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)

adjective:

Monegasque or Monacan

total:

57.5 years (2025 est.)

male:

55 years

female:

58.4 years

at birth:

1.04 male(s)/female

0-14 years:

1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.8 male(s)/female

total population:

0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

total:

1.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

male:

2 deaths/1,000 live births

female:

1.4 deaths/1,000 live births

total population:

89.8 years (2024 est.)

male:

86 years

female:

93.7 years

urban population:

100% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization:

0.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

municipal solid waste generated annually:

46,000 tons (2024 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled:

5.4% (2012 est.)

municipal:

10 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

industrial:

0 cubic meters (2017 est.)

agricultural:

0 cubic meters (2017 est.)

conventional long form:

Principality of Monaco

conventional short form:

Monaco

local long form:

Principauté de Monaco

local short form:

Monaco

etymology:

• founded as a Greek colony in the 6th century B.C., the name's origin is unclear;
• it could derive from the Greek term monoikos (solitary), the Ligurian word monegu (rock), or the Basque word muno (mountain)

name:

Monaco

geographic coordinates:

43 44 N, 7 25 E

time difference:

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time:

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology:

• founded as a Greek colony in the 6th century B.C., the name's origin is unclear;
• it could derive from the Greek term monoikos (solitary), the Ligurian word monegu (rock), or the Basque word muno (mountain)

• no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 4 quarters ( quartiers , singular - quartier );
• Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

note: Moneghetti, part of La Condamine, is sometimes called the fifth quarter of Monaco

history:

previous 1911 (suspended 1959); latest adopted 17 December 1962

amendment process:

proposed by joint agreement of the chief of state (the prince) and the National Council; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of National Council members

citizenship by birth:

no

citizenship by descent only:

the father must be a citizen of Monaco; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen and father unknown

dual citizenship recognized:

no

residency requirement for naturalization:

10 years

chief of state:

Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005)

head of government:

Minister of State Christophe MIRMAND (since 21 July 2025)

cabinet:

Council of Government under the authority of the monarch

election/appointment process:

the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government

highest court(s):

Supreme Court (consists of 5 permanent members and 2 substitutes)

judge selection and term of office:

Supreme Court members appointed by the monarch upon the proposals of the National Council, State Council, Crown Council, Court of Appeal, and Trial Court

subordinate courts:

Court of Appeal; Civil Court of First Instance

• Monegasque National Union (includes Horizon Monaco, Primo!, Union Monegasque)
• Horizon Monaco
• Priorite Monaco or Primo!
• Union Monegasque

chief of mission:

Ambassador Maguy MACCARIO DOYLE (since 3 December 2013)

chancery:

888 17th Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20006

telephone:

[1] (202) 234-1530

FAX:

[1] (202) 244-7656

email address and website:

[email protected]; https://monacodc.org/index.html

consulate(s) general:

New York

embassy:

• US does not have an embassy in Monaco;
• the US Ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco;
• the US Consul General in Marseille (France), under the authority of the US Ambassador to France, handles diplomatic and consular matters concerning Monaco;
• +(33)(1) 43-12-22-22, enter zero "0" after the automated greeting;
• US Embassy Paris, 2 Avenue Gabriel, 75008 Paris, France

description:

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white

history:

uses the colors of the ruling House of Grimaldi; colors have been in use since 1339, making it one of the world's oldest national flags

note: similar to the flags of Indonesia (longer) and Poland (colors reversed)

title:

"A Marcia de Muneghu" (The March of Monaco)

lyrics/music:

Louis NOTARI/Charles ALBRECHT

history:

• music adopted 1867, lyrics adopted 1931;
• only the Monegasque lyrics are official;
• the French version is known as "Hymne Monegasque" (Monegasque Anthem);
• the words are usually only sung on official occasions

• high-income European economy;
• non-EU euro user;
• considered a tax haven;
• tourism and banking are largest sectors;
• negatively impacted by COVID-19;
• major oceanographic museum;
• among most expensive real estate;
• major state-owned enterprises

• TV Monte-Carlo operates a TV network;
• cable TV available;
• Radio Monte-Carlo has extensive radio networks in France and Italy, with French-language broadcasts to France beginning in the 1960s and Italian-language broadcasts to Italy beginning in the 1970s;
• other radio stations include Riviera Radio and Radio Monaco

total ports:

1 (2024)

large:

0

medium:

0

small:

0

very small:

1

ports with oil terminals:

0

key ports:

Monaco