Monaco

constitutional monarchyIndependence 1419, rule by the House of Grimaldi

Monaco as the 1990 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 65 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalMonaco

Area1.9 km2

Populationas each edition published it

29,453 people July 1990 · 32,047 in 2025

Population growth% a year

Not in this edition 0.93% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 45 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

Not in this edition 77.5 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.2 children per woman 1990 · 1.55 in 2025

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

9 deaths per 1,000 live births 1990 · 1.7 in 2025

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

Not in this edition $16,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

Not in this edition 0.9% in 2005

Geography

11 fields

Land useshare of 1.9 km2

forest and woodland 0%other 100%arable land 0% in all · permanent crops 0% in all · meadows and pastures 0% in all

Total area

1.9km2

land area: 1.9 km2Comparative area: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Coastline

4.1km

Territorial sea: 12 nm

Land boundary

4.4km with France

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Note

second-smallest independent state in world (after Vatican City)

People

14 fields

Population

29,453

(July 1990), growth rate 0.9% (1990)

Per 1,000 population(1990)

Birth

7Death

7Net migration

Ethnic divisions

French 47%Monegasque 16%Italian 16%other 21%

Literacy

99%

Nationality

noun--Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s); adjective--Monacan or Monegasque

Language

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Government

Constitutional monarchy

16 fields

National Council, 18 seats, elected 24 January 1988one dot, one seat

UND 18

Administrative divisions

4 quarters (quartiers, singular--quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Legal system

based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Executive branch

prince, minister of state, Council of Government (cabinet)

Judicial branch

Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme) Chief of State--Prince RAINIER III (since November 1949);
Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958);
Head of Government Minister of State Jean AUSSEIL (since 10 September 1985)

Political parties and leaders

National and Democratic Union (UND), Democratic Union Movement (MUD), Monaco Action, Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)

Suffrage

universal adult at age 25 National Council--last held on 24 January 1988 (next to be held 24 January 1993);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(18 total) UND 18

Member of

IAEA, ICAO, IHO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, UN (permanent observer), UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

Diplomatic representation

Monaco maintains honorary consulates general in Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco, and honorary consulates in Dallas, Honolulu, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington;
US--no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is accredited to Monaco;
Consul General R. Susan WOOD;
Consulate General at 12 Boulevard Paul Peytral, 13286 Marseille Cedex (mailing address APO NY 09777);
telephone [33] (91) 549-200

Flag

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Economy

No data are published on the economy.

16 fields

Unemployment rate

1989

full employment ( · )

No data are published on the economy. Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, non-polluting industries.

The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector;

about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan suburbs.

GNP

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

NA%

Budget

revenues $386 million; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)

Exports

$NA;
full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties;
also participates in EC market system through customs union with France

Imports

$NA;
full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties;
also participates in EC market system through customs union with France

Communications

7 fields

served by the French communications system;
automatic telephone system;
38,200 telephones;
stations--3 AM, 4 FM, 5 TV;
no communication satellite stations

Defense Forces

1 field

Note

defense is the responsibility of France

Central Intelligence Agency. “Monaco.” The World Factbook 1990. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/monaco/1990.

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