Monaco
Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco
constitutional monarchy
Monaco as the 2001 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 98 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.
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Introduction
1 fieldBackground
Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Geography
Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
18 fieldsLocation
Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Land use
arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (urban area)
Environment - international agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Geography - note
second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
People
18 fieldsPer 1,000 population(2001 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years: 15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375) 15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083) 65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 78.98 years male: 75.04 years female: 83.12 years (2001 est.)
Government
Constitutional monarchy; Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949)
18 fieldsNational Council or Conseil National, 18 seatsone dot, one seat
Country name
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco
Administrative divisions
- none;
- there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier);
- Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Executive branch
- chief of state:
- Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949);
- Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none;
- the monarch is hereditary;
- minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Legislative branch
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18
Judicial branch
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Political parties and leaders
- National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA];
- National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA];
- Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA]
International organization participation
ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Diplomatic representation in the US
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York
Diplomatic representation from the US
the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
Flag description
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
Economy
Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate.
24 fieldsEconomy - overview
Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices.
The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
Budget
revenues: $518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)
Exports
- $NA;
- full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties;
- also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Imports
- $NA;
- full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties;
- also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Exchange rates
euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Communications
10 fieldsTelephone system
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Transportation
7 fieldsHeliports
1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)
Military
1 fieldTransnational Issues
1 fieldCite this entry
Central Intelligence Agency. “Monaco.” The World Factbook 2001. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/monaco/2001.