Monaco

Principality of MonacoPrincipaute de Monaco

constitutional monarchyIndependence 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of

Monaco as the 1999 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 89 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalMonaco

Position43 44 N, 7 24 E

Area1.95 sq km

LocationWestern Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the

Populationas each edition published it

32,149 people July 1999 est. · 29,453 in 1990

Population growth% a year

0.31% 1999 est. · 0.93% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 45 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

78.58 years 1999 est. · 77.5 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.7 children per woman 1999 est. · 1.2 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

6.47 deaths per 1,000 live births 1999 est. · 9 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

$25,000 1996 est. · $16,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

Not in this edition 0.9% in 2005

Geography

Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the | southern coast of France, near the border with Italy

18 fields

Land useshare of 1.95 sq km

forests and woodland 0%other 100% (urban area)arable land 0% in all · permanent crops 0% in all · permanent pastures 0% in all

Area

1.95sq km

land: 1.95 sq kmwater: 0 sq kmabout three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Coastline

4.1km

territorial sea: 12 nm

Highest point

140m

Mont Agellowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m

Land boundaries

4.4km

border countries: France 4.4 km

Location

Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Environment--international agreements

party to:: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified:: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

Geography--note

second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban

People

15 fields

Population

32,149

(July 1999 est.)growth rate: 0.31% (1999 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1999 est.)

Birth

10.7Death

11.79Net migration

4.17

Ethnic groups

French 47%Monegasque 16%Italian 16%other 21%

Age structure

0-14 years:: 17% (male 2,723; female 2,645)
15-64 years:: 64% (male 10,014; female 10,530)
65 years and over:: 19% (male 2,302; female 3,935) (1999 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth:: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years:: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years:: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over:: 0.59 male(s)/female
total population:: 0.88 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

Infant mortality rate

6.47 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population:: 78.58 years
male:: 75 years
female:: 82.35 years (1999 est.)

Nationality

noun:: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective:: Monegasque or Monacan

Languages

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Government

Constitutional monarchy; Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Minister of State Michel LEVEQUE (since 3 February 1997)

18 fields

Legislature, 18 seats, elected 1 and 8 February 1998one dot, one seat

-National and Democratic Union 18

Country name

conventional long form:: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form:: Monaco
local long form:: Principaute de Monaco
local short form:: Monaco

Administrative divisions

none;
there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular--quartier);
Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Independence

1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)

Legal system

based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Executive branch

chief of state:: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)
head of government:: Minister of State Michel LEVEQUE (since 3 February 1997)
cabinet:: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch
elections:: none;
the monarch is hereditary;
minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government

Legislative branch

unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003)
election results:: percent of vote by party--NA; seats by party--National and Democratic Union 18

Judicial branch

Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme, judges named by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council

International organization participation

ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO

Diplomatic representation in the US

Monaco does not have an embassy in the US; consulate(s): New York

Diplomatic representation from the US

the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Economy

Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean | coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and | pleasant climate.

25 fields

GDP per capita, PPP

$25,000

purchasing power parity? · (1996 est.)

Unemployment rate

3.1%

(1994)

Labor force

30,540

(January 1994)

Budget

Revenues

$518 millionExpenditures

$531 million (1995)

expenditures including capital expenditures of $NA

Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices.

The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. About 55% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.

GDP

purchasing power parity--$800 million (1996 est.)

GDP--real growth rate

NA%

GDP--composition by sector

agriculture:: NA%
industry:: NA%
services:: NA%

Population below poverty line

NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

NA%

Electricity--production

NA kWh

Electricity--production by source

fossil fuel:: NA%
hydro:: NA%
nuclear:: NA%
other:: NA%

Electricity--consumption

NA kWh

Electricity--exports

NA kWh

Electricity--imports

NA kWh

Agriculture--products

none

Exports

$NA;
full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties;
also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Imports

$NA;
full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties;
also participates in EU market system through customs union with France